2026-05-15 02:39:57 UTC / 路透社
作者：内特·雷蒙德
2026年5月15日 2:39 UTC 发布，50分钟前更新
2025年7月24日从墨西哥华雷斯城拍摄的照片显示，美国陆军战斗工兵在美墨边境墙铺设 razor wire（带刺铁丝网）以加强得克萨斯州埃尔帕索的安保。路透社/何塞·路易斯·冈萨雷斯/档案照片
5月14日（路透社）——一名联邦法官周四阻止得克萨斯州当局执行一项法案的关键条款，该法案允许州官员逮捕并驱逐被指控非法穿越美墨边境的人员。
位于奥斯汀的美国地区法官戴维·以斯拉应美国公民自由联盟及其他团体的要求发布了初步禁令，这些团体代表可能受该法案条款约束的数千人提起集体诉讼。
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由共和党总统罗纳德·里根任命的以斯拉表示，该州法律被联邦法律优先管辖，且不正当地挑战了联邦政府长期以来对移民、入籍和驱逐的控制权。
“从最宽泛的层面来说，第4号参议院法案与联邦移民法相冲突，因为它赋予州官员在没有联邦监督的情况下执行联邦法律的权力，”以斯拉写道。
为该法案辩护的共和党州总检察长肯·帕克斯顿的发言人未回应置评请求。
这项诉讼于上周提起，旨在阻止2023年出台的这项法案的部分条款生效。此前，联邦上诉法院在4月推翻了民主党总统乔·拜登政府时期发布的一项早期禁令，该禁令曾阻止这项由共和党支持的、被称为第4号参议院法案的法案生效。
共和党总统唐纳德·特朗普政府曾撤销了拜登政府提起的挑战该法案的诉讼。此前也曾提起诉讼的移民权利团体继续推进诉讼，但美国第五巡回上诉法院认定这些团体没有提起诉讼的法律资格。
这场由美国公民自由联盟支持的新诉讼试图通过代表可能受该法案四项关键条款约束的非公民提起诉讼来解决这一问题，该法案定于周五生效。
这些条款包括：将被驱逐后再次进入美国定为州罪行，即使当事人获得了联邦许可或此后获得了绿卡；以及赋予得克萨斯州治安法官发布驱逐令的权力。
原告律师在一份联合声明中对以斯拉的裁决表示欢迎。
“得克萨斯州不能凌驾于美国宪法之上，应该停止徒劳地尝试这样做，”他们说道。
内特·雷蒙德在波士顿报道；托马斯·德平豪斯编辑
我们的标准：汤森路透信托原则。
US judge blocks key parts of Texas migrant arrest law
2026-05-15 02:39:57 UTC / Reuters
By Nate Raymond
May 15, 2026 2:39 AM UTC Updated 50 mins ago
U.S. Army combat engineers place razor wire on the U.S.-Mexico border wall to reinforce security in El Paso Texas, as seen from Ciudad Juarez, Mexico July 24, 2025. REUTERS/Jose Luis Gonzalez/File Photo
May 14 (Reuters) – A federal judge on Thursday blocked Texas authorities from enforcing key parts of a law that would allow state officials to arrest and deport people suspected of having illegally crossed the U.S.-Mexico border.
Austin-based U.S. District Judge David Ezra issued a preliminary injunction at the behest of the American Civil Liberties Union and other groups pursuing a class action on behalf of thousands of people who could be subject to the law’s provisions.
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Ezra, who was appointed by Republican President Ronald Reagan, said the state law was preempted by federal law and improperly challenged the federal government’s long-held power to control immigration, naturalization and deportations.
“At the broadest level, SB 4 conflicts with federal immigration law because it provides state officials the power to enforce federal law without federal supervision,” Ezra wrote.
Spokespeople for Republican Attorney General Ken Paxton, whose office is defending the law, did not respond to requests for comment.
The lawsuit was filed last week to prevent parts of the 2023 law from taking effect, after a federal appeals court in April overturned an earlier injunction issued during Democratic President Joe Biden’s administration that had prevented the Republican-backed measure known as SB 4 from being enforced.
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Republican President Donald Trump’s administration had dropped a case the Biden administration brought challenging the law. Immigrant-rights groups that had also sued pressed on, but the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals concluded the organizations lacked legal standing to pursue their case.
The new ACLU-backed lawsuit sought to address that issue by instead suing on behalf of noncitizens who could be subject to four key provisions of the law, which is set to take effect on Friday.
Those provisions include ones that make it a state crime for someone to reenter the U.S. after deportation, even if they have federal permission to do so or have since obtained a green card, and that give magistrate judges in Texas the power to issue deportation orders.
Lawyers for the plaintiffs in a joint statement hailed Ezra’s ruling.
“Texas cannot override the U.S. Constitution and should stop wasting time attempting to do so,” they said.
Reporting by Nate Raymond in Boston; Editing by Thomas Derpinghaus
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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