2026年5月5日 美国东部时间下午2:26 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
作者：艾米莉·梅·查霍尔 新闻编辑
艾米莉·梅·查霍尔是CBSNews.com的记者兼新闻编辑，通常报道突发新闻、极端天气以及涉及社会正义的议题。她曾为《洛杉矶时报》、BuzzFeed和《新闻周刊》等媒体撰稿。
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大西洋海域一艘邮轮上疑似暴发汉坦病毒疫情，引发了诸多疑问：这种罕见且往往致命的疾病如何在乘客和船员之间传播？在已有3人死亡的情况下，这艘船上目前滞留的约150人是否会继续出现感染病例？
汉坦病毒通常通过接触受污染的啮齿动物排泄物传播给人类，但卫生官员表示，人际传播也有可能，尽管规模非常有限。世界卫生组织（WHO）流行病和大流行防范与预防主管玛丽亚·范·科克霍夫表示，这或许能部分解释此次疫情的发生情况。
“我们确实认为，在密切接触者——也就是夫妻、共住客舱的人员之间，可能存在人际传播，”范·科克霍夫在周二的新闻发布会上告诉记者，同时提到了一对在“洪迪厄斯号”（MV Hondius）邮轮上逗留后死于疑似汉坦病毒感染的夫妻。这艘荷兰邮轮在开展为期数周的极地探险航行期间成为此次疑似疫情的焦点。
世卫组织在一份声明中表示，目前调查、检疫协议和接触者追踪工作正在开展，以期确定此次疑似疫情的源头并阻止进一步传播，但确切的暴发原因尚不清楚。在新闻发布会上，范·科克霍夫暗示，这对夫妻可能是在登船前于阿根廷野外探险时感染了病毒。她表示，联合国卫生机构目前基本假设病毒来自船外。
“此次邮轮行程在非洲海岸沿线的多个岛屿停靠，同样在这些岛屿上看到了大量野生动物：有鸟类，部分岛屿啮齿动物众多，部分则不然，”范·科克霍夫说，“因此，这些岛屿上也可能存在感染源，导致其他疑似病例出现。”
已知汉坦病毒毒株可人际传播
根据美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的数据，汉坦病毒是一类可在全球范围内引发人类严重呼吸道症状甚至死亡的疾病。人类通常在接触啮齿动物粪便、尿液或唾液形成的空气传播颗粒后感染病毒。但正如世卫组织在关于此次最新疫情的声明中指出的，安第斯病毒——一种汉坦病毒的特定毒株，也是南美洲大多数汉坦病毒病例的致病原——已有人际传播的报告案例。
“这艘邮轮从阿根廷出发，这也是我们好奇的点：此次是常见类型的汉坦病毒，还是可人际传播的类型？”哥伦比亚广播公司新闻医学记者塞琳·贡德里博士周二表示。
贡德里称，2018年阿根廷暴发了最大规模的安第斯毒株疫情，导致34人感染、11人死亡。但她补充道，人际传播需要“长期密切接触”，“这不是一种会引发大流行的病毒”。
她还强调，汉坦病毒仍然罕见，美国30年间报告的病例不到900例。
邮轮运营商Oceanwide Expeditions表示，一名70岁的荷兰男子于4月11日在船上死亡。官员称，其69岁的妻子在下船后约两周于南非去世。据南非卫生部消息，该妻子的血液检测呈汉坦病毒阳性。当局表示，4月27日从“洪迪厄斯号”撤离至南非的一名英国乘客也检测呈阳性，卫生官员称其病情危重。
范·科克霍夫表示，目前至少还有4起疑似病例，包括另一名死亡的德国乘客，其遗体仍留在船上。据Oceanwide Expeditions和世卫组织驻非洲岛国佛得角代表安·林德斯特伦消息，至少还有3人出现病症。周一，佛得角派遣医疗团队协助“洪迪厄斯号”船员，但出于健康担忧阻止该船停靠其港口。
林德斯特伦告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，官员们确信这三名患者感染了汉坦病毒，并表示将于周二通过直升机将所有人从“洪迪厄斯号”撤离。
她认同病毒很可能是在船外感染的，并表示“洪迪厄斯号”上未发现啮齿动物。她称，如果船上有啮齿动物，船上设置的捕鼠器会显示出痕迹。
林德斯特伦试图缓解人们对邮轮的担忧——尽管邮轮常成为诺如病毒等其他疾病暴发的场所，但几乎从未与汉坦病毒相关联。当被问及汉坦病毒在多大程度上构成大流行级别的威胁时，她表示：“完全不会。”
![2026年5月4日，邮轮“洪迪厄斯号”在佛得角首都普拉亚港口附近的航拍照片。法新社/盖蒂图片社】
“我们听到了你们的声音”
在患病乘客撤离后，该邮轮预计将前往西班牙加那利群岛。西班牙卫生部在发给哥伦比亚广播公司新闻的声明中表示，其流行病学家将于周二下午对该邮轮开展评估，“以确认船上人员的健康状况，确定是否有更多出现症状的人员，并识别高风险和低风险接触者”，这“将有助于为遣返流程和邮轮航线相关决策提供依据”。
林德斯特伦表示，乘客和船员可能需要在船上滞留长达8周，因为该病毒的潜伏期可达这一长度。不过她也承认，这种“令人痛苦”的处境会对心理造成影响。
一名乘客、旅游博主杰克·罗斯马林在周一分享的一段情绪激动的社交媒体视频中谈到了这一点，他说：“充满了不确定性，这是最艰难的部分。我们现在只想感到安全，得到明确信息，然后回家。”
官员们承认，船上人员的处境令人恐惧。
“我们已经收到了船上不少人的反馈，”范·科克霍夫在周二的新闻发布会上说，“我们只想让你们知道，我们正在与邮轮运营商合作，与你们的祖国合作。我们听到了你们的声音。我们知道你们很害怕。”
本文由妮可·布朗·肖编辑
拉米·伊诺森西奥对本文亦有贡献。
How hantavirus may have spread aboard a cruise ship, according to health experts
May 5, 2026 2:26 PM EDT / CBS News
By Emily Mae Czachor News Editor
Emily Mae Czachor is a reporter and news editor at CBSNews.com. She typically covers breaking news, extreme weather and issues involving social justice. Emily Mae previously wrote for outlets like the Los Angeles Times, BuzzFeed and Newsweek.
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A suspected hantavirus outbreak on a cruise ship in the Atlantic Ocean has raised questions about how the rare, often fatal illness could have spread among passengers and crew, and whether it may continue to infect some 150 people now stranded aboard the vessel after three already died.
While typically transmitted to humans through contact with contaminated rodent waste, health officials say it is possible for transmission to take place between people, albeit on a very limited basis. That may partially explain what occurred in this instance, said Maria Van Kerkhove, the World Health Organization’s director of epidemic and pandemic preparedness and prevention.
“We do believe that there may be some human-to-human transmission that’s happening among the really close contacts, the husband and wife, people who’ve shared cabins,” Van Kerkhove told reporters at a news conference Tuesday, referencing a couple who died from suspected hantavirus cases after spending time on the MV Hondius, a Dutch ship that became the focal point of the apparent outbreak while charting a weekslong polar expedition.
An investigation, quarantine protocols and contact tracing efforts were underway in hopes of pinpointing the origins of the suspected outbreak and staving off further spread, but exactly how it may have emerged was not yet clear, WHO said in a statement. At the news conference, Van Kerkhove suggested the husband and wife may have contracted the virus while exploring wildlife in Argentina, before they joined the cruise. She said the U.N. health agency is generally operating under the assumption that the virus came from outside of the ship.
“The cruise did stop at many different islands up the coast of Africa, and, again, seeing a lot of different wildlife on those islands. There are birds. Some islands have a lot of rodents. Others don’t,” said Van Kerkhove. “So, there could be some source of infection on the islands as well for some of the other suspected cases.”
One known hantavirus strain spreads between people
Hantaviruses are a family of diseases that can cause severe respiratory symptoms, and even death, in people worldwide, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. People usually contract the virus after coming in contact with airborne particles from rodent droppings, urine or saliva. But, as WHO said in a statement about the latest outbreak, there have been reported instances of human-to-human transmission of Andes virus, a specific strain of hantavirus that is responsible for most cases of the illness in South America.
“This cruise ship took off from Argentina, which is why we’re wondering, is it the usual kind [of hantavirus], or is it a kind that can be transmitted person-to-person?” said CBS News medical correspondent Dr. Céline Gounder on Tuesday.
The largest outbreak of the Andes strain was in Argentina in 2018, leading to 34 cases and 11 deaths, Gounder said. But, human-to-human transmission requires “prolonged close contact,” she said, adding, “this is not a pandemic kind of virus.”
She also emphasized that hantavirus remains rare, with fewer than 900 cases over 30 years in the U.S.
The cruise operator, Oceanwide Expeditions, said a 70-year-old Dutch man died on board the ship on April 11. The man’s 69-year-old wife died about two weeks later in South Africa, after disembarking the ship, officials said. According to South Africa’s Health Ministry, the wife’s blood tested positive for hantavirus. A British passenger evacuated from the Hondius to South Africa on April 27 also tested positive, authorities said, and health officials have described him as critically ill.
There are at least four more suspected cases, said Van Kerkhove, including another fatal infection in a German passenger whose body was still on board the ship. At least three others were sick, according to Oceanwide Expeditions and Ann Lindstrand, a WHO representative for African island nation of Cape Verde. On Monday, Cape Verde sent medical teams to assist the Hondius crew but prevented the ship from docking at its ports because of health concerns.
Lindstrand told CBS News that officials strongly believe the three sick people had contracted hantavirus and said all would be evacuated from the Hondius by helicopter on Tuesday.
She agreed the virus was likely contracted off the ship and said no rodents were found aboard the Hondius. Traps on the ship would show signs of them if they had been there, she said.
Lindstrand sought to assuage fears of cruise ships, which are seldom linked to hantavirus despite being frequent sites of other kinds of disease outbreaks, like norovirus. Asked to what extent hantavirus is a pandemic-level threat, she said: “It’s not.”
Aerial photo of the cruise ship MV Hondius off the port of Praia, the capital of Cape Verde, on May 4, 2026. AFP via Getty Images
“We hear you”
The ship was expected to make its way toward Spain’s Canary Islands after the sick passengers are evacuated. The Spanish Ministry of Health told CBS News in a statement that its epidemiologists would conduct a review of the ship Tuesday afternoon “to assess the condition of the people on board, determine whether there are more individuals with symptoms, and identify any high-risk or low-risk contacts,” which “will help inform decisions regarding repatriation processes and the ship’s route.”
The passengers and crew could potentially be kept on board for up to eight weeks, said Lindstrand, since the virus’ incubation period can be that long. However, she acknowledged the psychological toll such “distressing” circumstances could take.
One passenger, travel blogger Jake Rosmarin, touched on that in an emotional social media video shared Monday, saying, “There’s a lot of uncertainty, and that’s the hardest part. All we want right now is to feel safe, to have clarity and to get home.”
Officials recognized that the situation is frightening for those on the ship.
“We have heard from quite a few people on the boat,” said Van Kerkhove at Tuesday’s news conference. “We just want you to know we are working with the ship’s operators. We are working with the countries where you are from. We hear you. We know that you are scared.”
Edited by Nicole Brown Chau
Ramy Inocencio contributed to this report.
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