2026年5月2日 美国东部时间下午1:30 / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
作者：约翰·弗里茨
堕胎药米非司酮的生产商周六向美国最高法院提起紧急上诉，呼吁大法官们暂停下级法院的裁决——该裁决临时禁止美国人通过邮寄渠道获取这款药物。
这起提交给保守派大法官塞缪尔·阿利托的快速推进案件，将堕胎药物和堕胎问题重新摆上最高法院的议事日程，距离大法官们驳回一起类似诉讼仅过去不到两年。当时的裁决使得这款药物得以继续广泛流通。
就在提起紧急上诉的前一天，美国保守派主导的第五巡回上诉法院恢复了一项全国性要求，规定患者必须亲自领取该药物。这一裁决削弱了人们获取药物流产的渠道，而自最高法院推翻1973年确立堕胎宪法权利的“罗伊诉韦德案”先例以来，药物流产的使用范围已大幅扩大。
丹科实验室在周六提交给最高法院的上诉材料中表示，下级法院的裁决“给时效性极强的医疗决策立即造成了混乱和动荡”。
该公司的律师写道：“本周末及之后，患者前往预约就诊，或是今天走进纽约、明尼苏达、华盛顿等诸多州的药房，领取前一天由医生开具的米非司酮片时，会发生什么？如果患者无法立即获得线下就诊机会，她该怎么办？”
丹科敦促最高法院发布“行政禁令”，立即暂停第五巡回上诉法院的裁决。同时该公司还请求最高法院就案件的实质问题进行审理。
自新冠疫情以来，女性可以通过远程医疗问诊获取米非司酮——药物流产方案中的两种药物之一。2023年，在最高法院推翻“罗伊诉韦德案”后，乔·拜登政府最终敲定新规，废除了必须通过线下门诊获取药物的要求。
随着保守派州响应最高法院的裁决，禁止或严格限制诊所堕胎，药物流产变得愈发普遍。根据古特马赫研究所的研究，2023年药物流产占美国堕胎总数的60%以上。
路易斯安那州去年提起诉讼，称拜登政府时期的相关规定削弱了该州自身的堕胎禁令。今年4月，一名联邦地区法院法官拒绝限制该药物的获取，直至美国食品药品监督管理局完成对这款药物的安全性审查。
CNN对米非司酮数据的分析显示，这款药物的安全性极高，报告的副作用比伟哥或青霉素还要少。
CNN的蒂尔尼·斯尼德对本文亦有贡献。
Fight over online access to abortion pill reaches Supreme Court in emergency appeal
2026-05-02 1:30 PM ET / CNN
By John Fritze
Mifepristone tablets sit on a table at a Planned Parenthood clinic in Ames, Iowa, on July 18, 2024. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall, File)
Charlie Neibergall/AP/File
The makers of the abortion pill mifepristone filed an emergency appeal at the Supreme Court on Saturday urging the justices to pause a lower-court ruling that temporarily blocked Americans from accessing the drug through the mail.
The fast-track case, filed with conservative Justice Samuel Alito, puts the drug and the issue of abortion back on the high court’s docket less than two years after the justices rejected a similar challenge — a decision that allowed the drug to remain widely available.
The rush appeal comes a day after the conservative 5th US Circuit Court of Appeals reinstated a nationwide requirement that the medication be obtained in person, undermining access to the method of abortion that has grown more widespread since the court overturned Roe v. Wade, the 1973 precedent that established a constitutional right to abortion.
The lower-court ruling, Danco Laboratories told the Supreme Court in its appeal Saturday, “injects immediate confusion and upheaval into highly time-sensitive medical decisions.”
“What happens when patients arrive for scheduled appointments this weekend and beyond, or walk into pharmacies in New York, Minnesota, Washington, and many other states today to obtain Mifeprex that was prescribed by a provider yesterday?” the company’s attorneys wrote. “What should a patient do if she cannot obtain an in-person appointment immediately?”
Danco urged the Supreme Court to issue an “administrative” stay that would immediately pause the 5th Circuit’s decision. It also urged the Supreme Court to case the case up on the merits.
Since the Covid-19 pandemic, women have been able to obtain mifepristone – one of the two drugs in the medication abortion regimen – through telehealth appointments. President Joe Biden’s administration finalized rules that ended the requirement that the pills be obtained through an in-person doctor’s visit in 2023, after the Supreme Court overturned Roe.
As conservative states have responded to the Supreme Court’s decision by banning or severely limiting access to clinic abortions, medication abortions have become more common. Medication abortions accounted for more than 60% of abortions in the US in 2023, according to Guttmacher Institute research.
Louisiana sued last year alleging that the Biden-era regulation undermined its own abortion ban. A federal district court in April declined to restrict access to the drug until the FDA completed a safety review of the drug.
A CNN analysis of mifepristone data shows that the drug is overwhelmingly safe and has fewer reported side effects than Viagra or penicillin.
CNN’s Tierney Sneed contributed to this report.
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