2026-05-01T16:34:42.554Z / 路透社
作者：帕特里夏·曾格勒与史蒂夫·霍兰
2026年5月1日 世界标准时间下午4:34 更新于16分钟前
2026年5月1日，从黎巴嫩纳巴蒂耶视角拍摄的以色列空袭后哈布什地区升起的烟雾。路透社/特约摄影师
- 内容摘要
- 伊朗提交新和平提案之际，期限已至
- 战争扰乱市场、推高物价，引发消费者不满
- 不受欢迎的冲突在美国大选前持续六个月
华盛顿5月1日路透电 – 美国总统唐纳德·特朗普宣布，针对伊朗的敌对行动已因停火“终结”，他借此强化自己无需国会许可即可继续这场冲突的主张。
在周五——也就是向国会通报战争情况的最后期限——写给国会领袖的一封信中，特朗普表示，自停火以来美伊之间再无交火。他说：“始于2026年2月28日的敌对行动已经终结。”
《路透社伊朗简报》新闻通讯将为您及时奉上伊朗战争的最新进展与分析。点击此处订阅。
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根据1973年《战争权力决议》，美国总统在获得国会授权或因“出于美军安全不可避免的军事必要性”寻求30天延期并同时撤军之前，仅可开展为期60天的军事行动。
周五，伊朗国家通讯社伊斯兰共和国新闻社（IRNA）称，德黑兰已通过巴基斯坦调停人向美国提交了最新的谈判提案。特朗普随即否决了该提案。
两个月前首次空袭发生48小时后，特朗普已正式向国会通报此次冲突，由此启动的60天期限于5月1日届满。
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随着期限临近，国会助手和分析人士表示，他们预计这位共和党总统会规避这一期限。特朗普政府一名高级官员周四曾表示，本届政府认为战争权力法的期限并不适用。
特朗普称他认为战争权力法违宪。共和党和民主党总统都曾主张该法案违宪，因其限制了总统作为三军统帅的权力。法律专家表示，这一问题尚未由法院作出裁决。
“我们已经实现停火，因此这为我们争取了额外时间，”特朗普在离开华盛顿前往佛罗里达前说道。
无路可退：民主党参议员
曾多次推动通过战争权力法案以迫使特朗普结束战争或向国会寻求授权的国会民主党人驳斥了这一说法，称1973年的法案中并未有任何条款允许停火。
他们还表示，美国继续部署舰艇封锁伊朗石油出口的行动，是敌对行动仍在持续的证据，而非停火。
新罕布什尔州参议员珍妮·沙欣是参议院外交关系委员会资深民主党议员，她在一份声明中称：“经历六十天的冲突后，特朗普总统仍未为这场策划糟糕的战争制定战略或找到出路。”她称这一期限是特朗普必须采取行动的“明确法律门槛”。
在写给国会的信中，特朗普承认冲突可能尚未解决。他表示伊朗仍对美国及其武装部队构成“重大”威胁。
选举临近，政党立场鲜明
特朗普所在的共和党在参众两院均仅占微弱多数席位，且几乎从未违背特朗普的意愿，他们几乎全票否决了所有旨在结束这场冲突的决议。
伊朗战争已造成数千人死亡、数十亿美元损失，并扰乱了全球市场，中断了能源运输，推高了各类消费品价格。
民调显示，在将于明年11月举行、决定国会控制权归属的大选前六个月，这场战争在美国民众中不受欢迎。
美国宪法规定只有国会而非总统有权宣战，但这一限制不适用于短期军事行动或应对直接威胁。
周四，特朗普听取了新一轮军事打击计划的简报，以迫使伊朗谈判结束冲突。
如果战事重启，特朗普可以告知国会他已启动新的60天期限。自国会通过战争权力法以回应越南战争以来，两党总统在开展间歇性敌对行动时都多次采取过这一做法。
那场广受美国民众反感的冲突，同样未获得国会授权。
帕特里夏·曾格勒报道；博·埃里克森补充报道；唐·德夫与罗德·尼克尔编辑
本报守则：路透社信托原则
Trump says Iran war ‘terminated,’ as war powers deadline arrives
2026-05-01T16:34:42.554Z / Reuters
By Patricia Zengerle and Steve Holland
May 1, 2026 4:34 PM UTC Updated 16 mins ago
Smoke rises in Habboush following Israeli strikes, as seen from Nabatieh, Lebanon, May 1, 2026. REUTERS/Stringer
- Summary
- Deadline arrives as Iran sends new peace proposal
- War has roiled markets, raised prices, angering consumers
- Unpopular conflict continues six months before US elections
WASHINGTON, May 1 (Reuters) – U.S. President Donald Trump declared that a ceasefire had “terminated” hostilities against Iran, as he sought to bolster his argument that he does not need lawmakers’ permission to continue the conflict.
In a letter to congressional leaders on Friday, the deadline to come to Congress about the war, Trump said there has been no exchange of fire with Iran since the ceasefire. “The hostilities that began on February 28, 2026, have terminated,” he said.
The Reuters Iran Briefing newsletter keeps you informed with the latest developments and analysis of the Iran war. Sign up here.
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Under the 1973 War Powers Resolution, a U.S. president can wage military action for only 60 days before ending it, asking Congress for authorization or seeking a 30-day extension due to “unavoidable military necessity regarding the safety of United States Armed Forces” while withdrawing forces.
On Friday, Iranian state news agency IRNA said Tehran had sent its latest proposal for negotiations with the U.S. to Pakistani mediators. Trump swiftly rejected it.
The president formally notified Congress of the conflict 48 hours after the first airstrikes two months ago, starting the 60-day clock that ends May 1.
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As the date approached, congressional aides and analysts said they expected the Republican president to sidestep the deadline. A senior Trump administration official had said on Thursday the administration’s view was that the war powers law deadline did not apply.
Trump said he considered the war powers law unconstitutional. Both Republican and Democratic presidents have contended the measure violated the Constitution because it sets limits on the president’s powers as commander-in-chief. Legal experts say the matter has not been decided by the courts.
“We had a ceasefire, so that gives you additional time,” Trump said before leaving Washington for Florida.
NO WAY OUT: DEMOCRATIC SENATOR
Congressional Democrats, who have tried repeatedly to pass war powers legislation that would force Trump to end the war or come to Congress for authorization, dismissed that characterization, saying there was nothing in the 1973 law allowing for a ceasefire.
They also said that the continuing deployment of U.S. ships blockading Iranian oil exports was evidence of continuing hostility, not a ceasefire.
“After sixty days of conflict, President Trump still does not have a strategy or way out for this poorly planned war,” Senator Jeanne Shaheen of New Hampshire, the top Democrat on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said in a statement calling the deadline “a clear legal threshold” for Trump to act.
In his letter to Congress, Trump acknowledged that the conflict may not be resolved. He said Iran still poses a “significant” threat to the United States and its armed forces.
PARTY LOYALTY AS ELECTIONS LOOM
Trump’s fellow Republicans, who hold slim majorities in the Senate and House of Representatives and rarely break from Trump, have voted almost unanimously to block every resolution seeking to end the conflict.
The Iran war has killed thousands, caused billions of dollars in damage and roiled world markets, disrupting energy shipments and boosting a wide range of consumer prices.
Polls show the war is unpopular among Americans, six months before November elections that will determine who controls Congress next year.
The U.S. Constitution says only Congress, not the president, can declare war, but that restriction does not apply to short-term operations or to counter an immediate threat.
On Thursday, Trump received a briefing on plans for fresh military strikes to compel Iran to negotiate an end to the conflict.
If fighting resumes, Trump can tell lawmakers he has started a new 60-day clock. Presidents from both parties have repeatedly done so when waging intermittent hostilities since Congress passed the war powers law in response to the Vietnam War.
That conflict, widely unpopular with Americans, was also not authorized by Congress.
Reporting by Patricia Zengerle; additional reporting by Bo Erickson; Editing by Don Durfee and Rod Nickel
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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