2026年4月21日 / 美国东部时间上午7:30 / 法新社
周一，近490名被控隶属于强大的中美洲帮派“ Mara Salvatrucha（MS-13）”的成员，包括多名疑似头目，在萨尔瓦多集体受审，他们被指控犯下数千起谋杀案。
作为铁腕总统纳伊布·布克尔打击帮派行动的一部分，萨尔瓦多正在对数千名疑似帮派成员进行大规模审判，其中许多人在未被起诉且无法会见律师的情况下已被关押多年。
总检察长办公室表示，486名MS-13嫌疑人因2012年至2022年间犯下的4.7万起罪行受审，其中包括2.9万起杀人案。
该国法院系统表示，此次受审人员包括“全国领导层成员、街头头目、全国各地区的项目协调员以及MS-13的创始人”。
萨尔瓦多当局指控该帮派犯下多起罪行，包括2022年3月一个周末内杀害87人。
在这起谋杀案发生后，作为特朗普总统亲密盟友的布克尔宣布对帮派发起“战争”，他称帮派控制了萨尔瓦多80%的领土。
总检察长办公室表示，MS-13被控犯有叛乱罪，“因为他们试图……建立平行国家”。
“我们将对他们进行审判，偿还历史债务，”检察官说道。
布克尔在2022年实施了国家紧急状态，借此逮捕了超过9.1万名疑似帮派成员，其中数千人后来被证明无罪。
这场让布克尔人气飙升的运动大幅降低了犯罪率，将萨尔瓦多从拉美最危险的国家之一转变为最安全的国家之一。
然而，人权组织谴责此举存在严重的人权侵犯行为，包括被拘留者缺乏正当法律程序、有酷刑报告以及监狱内超过500人死亡。
全体被告适用统一程序
被捕者的命运将通过大规模审判来裁定，匿名法官将通过监狱视频连线庭审后，对大批被告作出统一处罚。
MS-13及其敌对帮派Barrio 18在中美洲各地运作贩毒和敲诈勒索团伙。
特朗普政府已将这两个帮派及其他组织列为恐怖组织，这一认定部分被用来为针对疑似贩毒船只的致命军事打击提供正当理由。
这两个帮派起源于洛杉矶街头的萨尔瓦多裔青年，随后蔓延回萨尔瓦多，三十多年来一直恐吓当地民众。
布克尔指控他们杀害了20万人，其中约8万人失踪且下落不明。
州检察官表示，他们“有充分证据请求对被告判处最高刑罚”，但未明确是否指终身监禁。
庭审开幕时，法官表示，武装团伙数十年来一直扰乱“萨尔瓦多民众的和平与国家的安全”，将“依法从严惩处”。
总部位于纽约的人权观察组织（HRW）和地区非政府组织克里斯托萨尔（Cristosal）批评了大规模审判做法，警告存在无辜者为他人罪行顶罪的风险。
Mass murder trial in El Salvador for almost 500 alleged MS-13 members
April 21, 2026 / 7:30 AM EDT / AFP
Nearly 490 alleged members of the powerful Central American gang Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13), including several alleged leaders, went on trial collectively in El Salvador on Monday, accused of thousands of murders.
El Salvador is conducting mass trials of thousands of suspected gang members, many of whom have spent years in prison without charge or visiting rights, as part of the anti-gang crackdown of iron-fisted President Nayib Bukele.
The Attorney General’s Office said 486 suspected MS-13 members were on trial for 47,000 crimes committed between 2012 and 2022, including 29,000 homicides.
The country’s court system said the trial included “members of the national leadership, street-level leaders, program coordinators from across the country, and founders of” MS-13.
Salvadoran authorities accuse the group of a range of crimes, including the killing of 87 people in a single weekend in March 2022.
In the wake of those killings, Bukele, a close ally of President Trump, declared a “war” on gangs, which he said controlled 80 percent of Salvadoran territory.
MS-13 is charged with the crime of rebellion “because they sought to … establish a parallel state,” the Attorney General’s Office said.
“We are going to put them on trial, and we are going to settle a historic debt,” prosecutors said.
Bukele in 2022 imposed a state of emergency that’s been used to arrest more than 91,000 suspected gang members, including thousands who were later declared innocent.
The campaign, which made Bukele hugely popular, has resulted in a dramatic decrease in crime, turning El Salvador from one of Latin America’s most dangerous countries to one of its safest.
Rights groups, however, have denounced what they say are gross human rights abuses, including a lack of due process for the detainees, reports of torture and more than 500 deaths in prison.
Same sentences for all
The fates of the detainees are now being decided in mass trials, with anonymous judges handing down one-size-fit-all punishments to large groups of defendants following the proceedings via video-link from prison.
MS-13 and the rival Barrio 18 gang operate drug trafficking rings and extortion rackets across Central America.
The Trump administration has declared the two groups — among others — terrorist organizations, designations it has used in part to justify deadly military strikes on alleged drug-running boats.
The two gangs were born among Salvadoran youth on the streets of Los Angeles and then spread back to El Salvador, where they have terrorized the population for more than three decades.
Bukele has accused them of murdering 200,000 people, including about 80,000 who disappeared without a trace.
State prosecutors said they had “ample evidence to request the maximum sentences” against the defendants, without specifying whether that meant life imprisonment.
At the opening of the trial, the judge stated that armed groups had disturbed “the peace of the Salvadoran population and the security of the state” for decades, and would be tried “with the full force of the law.”
New York-based Human Rights Watch (HRW) and regional NGO Cristosal have criticized the mass trials, warning of the risk of innocent people being made to pay for the crimes of the guilty.
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