2026年4月18日 / 美国东部时间上午11:54 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
作者：克里·布林
特朗普总统已签署一项行政令，放宽对致幻剂的研究限制，其中包括伊博格碱——这种药物在部分国家被用于治疗创伤后应激障碍。
美国卫生与公众服务部部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪等卫生官员，以及播客主持人乔·罗根，于周六在椭圆形办公室与特朗普一同出席了签署仪式。
特朗普表示，该行政令将“大幅加快基于致幻剂的新医学研究和治疗手段的可及性”，并称这类药物展现出“改变人生的潜力”。
特朗普称，联邦政府将为致幻剂研究投入5000万美元研究资金。他还表示，联邦政府也将根据美国食品药品监督管理局的“有权尝试”规则，为伊博格碱开放一条通道，使其可用于“病危患者”。
“所有人都强烈支持这项举措。它惠及很多人，但尤其针对我们的退伍军人，”特朗普在讲话中提及了退伍军人的自杀率。
“如果这些药物最终如人们预期的那样有效，将对我国乃至其他国家产生巨大影响，”特朗普补充道。
美国食品药品监督管理局局长马蒂·马卡里表示，将有三种致幻剂被纳入国家优先审评券试点计划，该计划旨在大幅缩短符合美国国家卫生优先事项的药物和生物制品的审评时间。他还表示，FDA将启动相关程序，允许研究人员开展伊博格碱用途的人体试验。
“这是一个尚未满足的公共卫生需求，存在颇具前景的治疗方案，”马卡里说，“这也是为何我们对此抱有紧迫感。”
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻本周早些时候率先报道了特朗普有望签署该项行政令的消息。
伊博格碱是一种天然存在的化合物，产自非洲本土的一种灌木。它曾被用于治疗抑郁症、焦虑症、成瘾症、创伤后应激障碍和脑外伤。研究人员表示，伊博格碱最终可能填补成瘾治疗领域的空白，尤其是在阿片类药物依赖方面，但在被认定对任何病症安全有效之前，还需要开展更多大规模临床试验。
目前关于该药物的科学证据大多来自小型观察性研究和开放标签试验。仅完成过一项双盲、安慰剂对照的随机临床试验。近期已启动更高级别的试验，得克萨斯州州长格雷格·雅培去年签署法案，批准拨款5000万美元用于相关研究。目前尚不清楚联邦政府将如何协助推动进一步研究。消息人士告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，相关策略在本周的内部讨论中仍在敲定。
作为一类受管制的一级物质，伊博格碱目前被美国毒品 Enforcement管理局（DEA）与海洛因、摇头丸等物质归为一类。美国人通常会前往墨西哥或加勒比地区的无监管诊所接受该药物治疗。研究显示，伊博格碱可能引发危险的心律失常，甚至致命。2023年一项涵盖24项研究、涉及705人的综述指出，其引发心脏问题导致死亡的风险“令人担忧”，并显示至少有27人在服用伊博格碱后死亡。
Trump signs executive order to research psychedelics, including ibogaine, for mental health treatment
April 18, 2026 / 11:54 AM EDT / CBS News
By Kerry Breen
President Trump has signed an executive order to ease research restrictions on psychedelics, including the drug ibogaine, which is used in some countries to treat post-traumatic stress disorder.
Health officials, including Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., and podcaster Joe Rogan joined Mr. Trump in the Oval Office for the signing Saturday.
Mr. Trump said the order will “dramatically accelerate access to new medical research and treatments based on psychedelic drugs,” which he said have shown “life-changing potential.”
Mr. Trump said that the federal government will make a $50 million research investment into psychedelic research. He said the federal government was also opening a pathway for ibogaine to be administered to “desperately ill patients” under the Food and Drug Administration’s Right To Try rule.
“Everybody is so strongly in favor of this. It’s for a lot of people, but it’s for our veterans in particular,” Mr. Trump said, highlighting veteran suicide rates.
“If these turn out to be as good as people are saying it’s going to have a tremendous impact on this country and in other countries too,” Mr. Trump added.
Food and Drug Administration commissioner Marty Makary said that three psychedelics would be added to the National Priority Voucher pilot program, which is a pathway meant to dramatically reduce review times for drug and biological products that align with U.S. national health priorities. The FDA will also begin the process to allow for researchers to conduct human trials into ibogaine’s use, he said.
“This is an unmet public health need and there are potentially promising treatments,” Makary said. “That’s why there is a sense of urgency around this.”
CBS News first reported that Mr. Trump was expected to sign the order earlier this week.
Ibogaine is a naturally occurring compound found in a shrub native to Africa. It has been used to treat depression, anxiety, addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder and brain trauma. Researchers say ibogaine could eventually fill a gap in addiction treatment, particularly for opioid dependence, but more large-scale clinical trials are needed before it can be considered safe or effective for any condition.
The scientific evidence behind the drug so far consists mostly of small observational studies and open-label trials. Only one double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial has been completed. More advanced trials have been started recently, and Texas Gov. Greg Abbott signed a bill approving $50 million for research last year. It is unclear how the federal government will help facilitate further research. Sources told CBS News that strategies were still being hammered out in internal discussions this week.
As a Schedule I substance, ibogaine is currently grouped by the Drug Enforcement Administration alongside substances including heroin and ecstacy. Americans have traveled to unregulated clinics, often in Mexico or the Caribbean, to take the drug. Studies show that ibogaine can cause dangerous heart rhythm disturbances, which can be fatal. A 2023 review of 24 studies including 705 people called the risk of death from heart problems “worrying,” and showed that at least 27 people have died after taking ibogaine.
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