2026-04-16T16:17:17.462Z / 路透社
作者：休梅拉·帕穆克
2026年4月16日 世界标准时间16:17 更新于3小时前
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2026年4月9日，一艘集装箱船在美国加利福尼亚州旧金山驶过旧金山-奥克兰海湾大桥。路透社/卡洛斯·巴里娅/档案照片
- 内容摘要
- 卢比奥设定4月20日为支持该宣言的截止日期
- 该计划旨在将美国外交政策从援助导向转向贸易导向
- 批评者警告此举可能危及人道主义援助和美国价值观
华盛顿4月16日（路透社）——据路透社查看的一份泄密电报显示，唐纳德·特朗普政府已指示全球各地的美国外交官游说各国支持联合国的一项“贸易优先于援助”宣言，这是全面改革华盛顿数十亿美元对外援助支出方式的更广泛举措的一部分。
在这份日期为4月15日的电报中，美国国务卿马可·卢比奥命令外交官向驻在国最高层级传递该信息，并需在4月20日前征集宣言签署方。
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“这项倡议是美国驻联合国代表团利用联合国体系推广‘美国优先’价值观，并为美国企业创造商业机会的契机，”电报中提及美国驻联合国使团时说道。
该文件最先由《华盛顿邮报》报道。
发给外交官的这一指令符合特朗普治下美国外交政策的更广泛转向：不再将援助作为延伸美国影响力的工具，转而更强硬地聚焦于政府眼中的美国核心利益。
就职数日后，特朗普就开始推翻美国数十年来分配数十亿美元救生和发展援助的体系。
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政府将该体系描述为充斥着“浪费和滥用”，并冻结继而削减了其认为不符合特朗普“美国优先”价值观的项目，危及了救生食品和医疗援助的交付，严重扰乱了全球人道主义救援工作。
政府称，旧的援助分配体系制造了依赖，且未进一步推进美国的利益。
“贸易和自由市场资本主义是通往繁荣的最可靠路径，这一点已被事实和历史所证明，”美国国务院副发言人汤米·皮戈特说道。
“美国仍是世界历史上最慷慨的国家，但那些主张‘援助而非贸易’的人，实际上是在为腐败的非政府组织工业复合体中饱私囊站台。”
替代方案
取而代之的是，特朗普政府倡导一种替代模式，强调各国私营部门之间“互利的商业关系”，同时鼓励各国推行亲商改革，这一做法偶尔会引发人道主义部门的不满。
“没有哪个美国人看到挨饿儿童的照片时，会想到让企业借此发财，”曾在白宫任职的洛克菲勒基金会副主席埃里克·佩洛夫斯基说道。
“这是因为美国人历来都会冲向火场救人，而非想方设法向受难者出售消防水带。这种做法背叛了美国的传统、价值观和国家安全利益——还会让我们变得更不安全。”
该电报为美国外交官提供了为该宣言辩护的话术，并提到将于4月底举行该宣言的发布活动。宣言全文也附在电报中。
美国驻联合国大使迈克·沃尔兹周三在谈及联合国改革时提及了这项倡议。
“在发展领域，我们正大力吸引私营部门参与。让我们降低资本壁垒，推动外国投资，创造就业机会而非依赖关系，我们将其称为‘贸易优先于援助’，”他说道。
休梅拉·帕穆克报道，安德里亚·沙拉尔补充报道；唐·杜菲、威廉·麦克林编辑
我们的准则：路透社汤森路透信托原则。
Trump administration to lobby allies to support ‘trade over aid’ push, cable shows
2026-04-16T16:17:17.462Z / Reuters
By Humeyra Pamuk
April 16, 2026 4:17 PM UTC Updated 3 hours ago
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A container ship passes under the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge, in San Francisco, California, U.S., April 9, 2026. REUTERS/Carlos Barria/ File Photo
- Summary
- Rubio sets April 20 deadline for backing declaration
- Plan aims to steer US foreign policy from aid to trade
- Critics warn shift risks humanitarian aid and US values
WASHINGTON, April 16 (Reuters) – President Donald Trump’s administration has instructed U.S. diplomats worldwide to lobby countries to back a “trade over aid” declaration at the United Nations, part of a broader effort to overhaul how Washington spends billions of dollars in foreign assistance, according to a cable reviewed by Reuters.
In an April 15 dated cable, U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio ordered diplomats to deliver the message at the highest appropriate level in their respective countries and receive signatures by April 20 for the declaration.
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“This initiative is an opportunity for USUN to use the U.N. system to prompt America First values and create business opportunities for U.S. companies,” the cable said, referring to the U.S. Mission to the United Nations.
The document was first reported by the Washington Post.
The message to diplomats is in line with a broader shift in U.S. foreign policy under Trump away from using aid as a tool for extending U.S. influence and toward a harder-edged focus on what the administration sees as core U.S. interests.
Days after assuming office, Trump began upending the decades-old system of how the U.S. distributes billions of dollars worth of life-saving and developmental aid.
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Describing the system as rife with “waste and abuse”, the administration moved to freeze and then cut programs that it said did not align with Trump’s “America First” values, jeopardizing the delivery of life-saving food and medical aid and severely disrupting global humanitarian relief efforts.
It said the old system of distributing aid created dependencies and did not further U.S. interests.
“The idea that trade and free market capitalism is the surest path to prosperity has been proven by the facts and by history,” State Department deputy spokesperson Tommy Pigott said.
“The U.S. remains the most generous country in the history of the world, but those arguing for ‘aid not trade’ are really arguing for lining the pockets of a corrupt NGO industrial complex.”
ALTERNATIVE APPROACH
Instead, the Trump administration has advocated an alternative model emphasizing “mutually profitable business relationships” between the private sectors of countries while encouraging them to pursue pro-business reforms, an approach that occasionally drew ire from the humanitarian sector.
“There’s no American who looks at a picture of a starving child and sees an opportunity for companies to enrich themselves,” said Eric Pelofsky, a vice president at the Rockfeller Foundation who previously served at the White House.
“That’s because Americans have historically run to the fire to help rather than looking for ways to sell fire hoses to those suffering. This approach betrays America’s traditions, values, and national security interests—and it makes us less safe.”
The cable has provided U.S. diplomats with talking points to argue for the declaration, for which it said there will be a launch event at the end of April. The declaration was also attached in full text to the cable.
Speaking on Wednesday about U.N. reform, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Mike Waltz touched upon the initiative.
“On the development side, we are heavily engaging the private sector. Let’s lower barriers to capital, drive foreign investment, and create jobs, not dependency, and we’re calling that Trade Over Aid,” he said.
Reporting by Humeyra Pamuk, additional reporting by Andrea Shalal; Editing by Don Durfee, William Maclean
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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