2026-04-14 18:21:52 UTC / 路透社
作者：汤姆·哈尔斯
2026年4月14日 美国东部时间下午6:21 更新于41分钟前
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2026年3月10日，美国加利福尼亚州长滩洛杉矶港码头堆放的集装箱。路透社/卡罗琳·布雷曼/资料图片 购买授权许可
- 摘要
- CAPE系统将整合进口商的退款流程
- 退款系统将分阶段推出
4月14日（路透社）——唐纳德·特朗普政府计划于下周一启动一套系统，用于向美国进口商发放总额1660亿美元的关税退款。美国最高法院在2月份裁定这批关税非法。
美国海关和边境保护局在周二的一份法庭文件中表示，其已完成名为CAPE的退款系统第一阶段的开发。该系统将整合退款流程，进口商将收到一笔包含相应利息（如适用）的电子付款，而非逐票处理退款。
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该局官员布兰登·洛德在提交给位于纽约的国际贸易法院的文件中作出了上述声明。该局在周五的另一份公告中公布了CAPE系统的上线日期。
最高法院此前裁定，特朗普根据《国际紧急经济权力法》实施全面全球关税的行为越权。该法案于1977年通过，原本仅用于国家紧急状态。
周二的文件显示，截至4月9日，已有约56497家进口商完成了针对受法院裁决影响的关税申请电子退款的流程，涉及金额总计1270亿美元。
该局曾表示，退款系统将分阶段推出。
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洛德在其声明中表示，该局正在考虑如何处理涉及29亿美元关税的部分报关单的退款。洛德称，这类退款通常需要人工处理，这将大幅增加工作量，并使人员从该局的贸易运营和执法工作中分流。
最高法院作出裁决后，进口商向国际贸易法院提起诉讼要求退款，该法院目前正在监督退款系统的开发进度。
根据法庭文件，超过33万家进口商在5300万批次进口货物中缴纳了涉案关税。
美国海关和边境保护局表示，CAPE系统最初将处理近期进口货物和简单报关单的退款。
许多小型进口商担心，退款流程的成本将超过申请退款所能获得的收益，迫使一些公司探索与退款相关的创新融资方案。
特朗普在最高法院作出裁决后谴责了该法院，并根据另一项法律实施了新的临时性全球关税，但这一举措同样在法庭上受到了挑战。
汤姆·哈尔斯在特拉华州威尔明顿报道
我们的准则：汤森路透信任原则。
US set to launch tariff refund system on April 20
2026-04-14 18:21:52 UTC / Reuters
By Tom Hals
April 14, 2026 6:21 PM UTC Updated 41 mins ago
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Shipping containers are stacked at a terminal at the port of Los Angeles in Long Beach, California, U.S., March 10, 2026. REUTERS/Caroline Brehman/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights
- Summary
- CAPE system will consolidate refunds for importers
- Refund system will roll out in phases
April 14 (Reuters) – President Donald Trump’s administration plans to launch next Monday the system it will use for issuing refunds to American importers for $166 billion the companies paid in tariffs that the U.S. Supreme Court struck down in February as unlawful.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection said in a court filing on Tuesday that it has completed the development of the initial phase of the refund system, known as CAPE. The system will consolidate refunds so importers will receive one electronic payment, with interest when applicable, rather than processing refunds on an entry-by-entry basis.
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Agency official Brandon Lord made the declaration in the filing with the New York-based Court of International Trade. The agency disclosed the CAPE launch date in a separate announcement on Friday.
The Supreme Court ruled that Trump overstepped his authority in imposing sweeping global tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, a 1977 law meant for use in national emergencies.
Tuesday’s filing said that as of April 9 some 56,497 importers had completed the process to receive electronic refunds for tariffs affected by the court’s ruling, an amount totaling $127 billion.
The agency has said it plans to roll out the refund system in phases.
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Lord said in his declaration that the agency is considering options for processing refunds on a subset of entries that were subject to $2.9 billion in tariffs. Lord said these normally would require manual processing, which would dramatically increase the workload and divert personnel from the agency’s trade operations and enforcement.
After the Supreme Court’s decision, importers sued for refunds in the Court of International Trade, which is monitoring the development of the refund system.
More than 330,000 importers paid the tariffs at issue on 53 million shipments of imported goods, according to court documents.
Customs and Border Protection has said the CAPE system will initially process refunds on recently imported goods and straightforward entries.
Many smaller importers feared the cost of the refund process would outweigh the benefits of trying to get reimbursed, forcing some companies to explore creative financing options related to refunds.
Trump denounced the Supreme Court after its ruling and imposed a new temporary global tariff under a different law, though that also has been challenged in court.
Reporting by Tom Hals in Wilmington, Delaware
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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