2026-05-13T10:00:51.095Z / https://www.cnn.com/2026/05/13/politics/democrats-redistricting-hakeem-jeffries-us-house-maps
民主党高层在过去10个月里彻底推翻了中期选举的竞选策略，与共和党就重新划分美国国会众议院选区展开激烈博弈——最终迫使共和党打成平手。
然而仅仅13天后，哈基姆·杰弗里斯及其所在政党就陷入了最糟糕的局面。
两起法院裁决——一起来自美国最高法院，一起来自弗吉尼亚州——让民主党重新划分选区的雄心倒退了多达10个席位，也让民主党愈发迫切地想要在总统唐纳德·特朗普去年夏天挑起的全美国范围内的选区划分战争中找到应对之策。
据知情人士透露，杰弗里斯及其盟友已经制定了未来两年的计划，推动民主党掌控的州设立无党派选区划分规则，或是更激进地操纵选区划分，目标是在2028年11月前新增至少12个民主党掌控的席位。他们将目光投向从俄勒冈州到纽约州的多个选区，未来两年的相关投入将超过数亿美元。
而为了达成目标，他们甚至不惜将本党议员置于聚光灯下。
“民主党单方面解除武装的日子已经结束，尤其是在当前赌注如此之高的情况下，”杰弗里斯告诉CNN。
据一位接近杰弗里斯的人士透露，众议院少数党领袖的盟友们正在幕后准备开展宣传攻势，针对任何阻碍操纵选区划分的民主党议员，坚称只有“真正的民主党人”才愿意战斗。
民主党提出的一些想法反映了党内的愤怒情绪。一位议员已与未来民主党全国代表大会的潜在代表进行初步磋商，试图阻止任何无法通过新选区划分方案的蓝州领导人获得演讲席位。多位消息人士称，对于现任议员，发起党内初选挑战也并非不可能。
在弗吉尼亚州最高法院否决了一项原本可帮助该党赢得多达4个席位的民主党主导的公投后的周末战略会议上，沮丧的议员们提出了一些几乎没有通过可能的想法。
这些首先由《纽约时报》报道的想法包括彻底更换州最高法院大法官并恢复选民批准的选区划分方案——不过据一位参会者和另一位知情人士透露，会议的主要焦点是如何在当前的选区划分方案下击败共和党人。
弗吉尼亚州参议院多数党领袖、民主党人斯科特·萨罗维尔告诉CNN，更换州最高法院大法官的想法行不通。他指出，弗吉尼亚州首席大法官克利奥·鲍威尔在该案中投了反对票。
“大约三个月前，我们刚宣誓就职弗吉尼亚州最高法院250年历史上首位黑人女性首席大法官，如果仅仅因为同事们做出了糟糕的裁决就将其罢免，这是不明智的，”他告诉CNN。
但不只是弗吉尼亚州的民主党人在思考应对之策。幕后，一些民主党议员和竞选官员正在认真讨论能否在11月前迫使马里兰州或纽约州采取行动——这一情况遭到了两党领导人的否决。
阿拉巴马州众议员泰丽·休厄尔近日告诉记者，民主党应该在蓝州全面出击——在可行的情况下，通过激进操纵选区划分，消灭所有共和党掌控的席位。
“我（本可以）从加州拿下52个席位，我当然愿意，”她说，“还会从伊利诺伊州拿下17个。”
“我们会按他们的规则出牌，并且打赢这场仗。”
杰弗里斯的推动很可能会加速共和党在其掌控的州夺取更多倾向共和党的席位——两党中所有反对操纵选区划分的人士都承认了这一点。
“这几乎是一场 race to the bottom（竞相沉沦），”路易斯安那州众议员克利奥·菲尔兹说，他的席位如今面临风险，因为该州已获准重新划分选区地图。
但他表示，蓝州的民主党人有责任采取行动。
“民主党一直以来都占据道德高地，总是说‘我们不能这么做，因为这不是正确的选择’，”菲尔兹告诉CNN，“我认为他们都需要重新思考这一点。至少从短期来看是这样。”
杰弗里斯告诉CNN，纽约、新泽西、华盛顿州、科罗拉多州、俄勒冈州、马里兰州和伊利诺伊州的民主党人必须“积极行动”，以应对共和党操纵选区划分的举动。据多位民主党官员透露，如果民主党能在今年11月赢得关键的州级选举，还有另外六个州也将纳入考量范围。
民主党2028年的首要目标是纽约州。但那里存在巨大障碍——需要修改该州宪法。
这个去年选出7名共和党国会议员的蓝州，拥有全美最严格的反选区操纵规则。该州的选区划分问题也给民主党留下了深刻创伤，州法院以及今年早些时候的美国最高法院在关键时刻都站在了共和党一边，否决了民主党的诉求。
杰弗里斯最近派遣纽约州民主党众议员乔·莫雷尔前往奥尔巴尼，向州内民主党高层说明民主党别无选择，只能采取行动。莫雷尔在州议会任职27年，曾担任州议会民主党领袖，他向州内顶级民主党人强调，他们需要在三周内启动重新划分选区地图的漫长流程的第一步。
“任何认为‘哦，是的，这事肯定能成’的人，都误解了修改宪法的难度，”莫雷尔说。
莫雷尔曾投票支持民主党如今试图废除的州选区划分相关条款。他表示，他的前同事们清楚当前的利害关系，也明白杰弗里斯正在做的事情的重要性。
“他们了解他，也知道这件事有多重要。所有人都清楚，众议院下一位议长很可能会是纽约人。”
目前尚不清楚新的选区划分方案能让民主党保住多少共和党席位——但华盛顿的一些人士认为，有可能画出仅剩下寥寥几个共和党席位的选区地图。（共和党方面质疑民主党能拿下超过3个席位。）
民主党也在科罗拉多州采取行动，该州有4个共和党席位可能易主。一个与杰弗里斯结盟的政治团体本月拨款15万美元，支持该州的选区划分公投倡议。
在新泽西州，新任州长米基·谢里尔上周在接受CNN采访时首次公开支持推动重新划分选区。
在华盛顿州，选民于1983年首次批准设立独立选区划分体系，该州领导人正在讨论如果今年秋季赢得绝对多数席位，就废除这一体系。华盛顿州民主党主席沙斯蒂·康拉德表示，民主党需要在11月 flipping 10个州议会席位，才能考虑立法将选区划分公投纳入未来选举的议程。
伊利诺伊州和马里兰州等州的情况也可能很棘手。
这两个州的关键民主党人士此前已阻止了本届选举周期内的相关努力，但据两位知情人士透露，马里兰州州参议员比尔·弗格森并未排除在今年秋季将修改选区划分的宪法修正案提交选民投票的可能。弗格森此前曾拒绝杰弗里斯和州长韦斯·摩尔针对该州仅有的一个共和党席位提出的诉求。
民主党还有一个“第三梯队”州：在特定情况下可以重新划分选区界限的州，包括威斯康星州、明尼苏达州、宾夕法尼亚州、亚利桑那州和内华达州。
共和党也有自己的计划——并且在红州面临的法律障碍要少得多。
其中一些州甚至没有等到2028年。
佛罗里达州近日通过了新的选区划分方案，旨在取消4个民主党席位。田纳西州上周 enacted 的新地图则瞄准了该州仅剩的一个民主党掌控的席位。阿拉巴马州目前似乎有望在今年11月启用新的选区划分方案，而路易斯安那州的共和党人也在抓紧时间在中期选举前消灭民主党席位。这些行动紧随美国最高法院上月的一项裁决之后，该裁决宣布路易斯安那州的多数少数族裔国会选区作为违宪的种族操纵选区非法。
南部的共和党州在重新划分选区时流程要简单得多，也快得多，无需举行选民公投。包括杰弗里斯在内的一些顶级民主党人士表示，现在是蓝州废除自身“善治”规则的时候了，直到全国范围内就选区划分达成缓和为止。
“我们不能容忍共和党可以自由地将国会选区划分得不复存在，却指望民主党不会立即、有力地做出回应，”杰弗里斯告诉CNN。
杰弗里斯卷入全国选区划分战争始于去年6月，当时以众议员马克·维西为首的一群得克萨斯州民主党议员在他的国会办公室提出了一个出人意料的想法。
据那次会议的多位参会者透露，维西的席位即将被该州共和党制定的新地图取消，他敦促杰弗里斯采取行动应对。具体来说，维西和那些得克萨斯州民主党议员希望杰弗里斯向蓝州施压，从加州开始，以他所说的“相互确保摧毁”的方式，针对共和党席位采取同样的行动。
杰弗里斯做出了不同寻常的果断决定：他同意了。
但红州削减民主党选区的行动，引发了一些黑人议员的担忧，他们认为自己的政治权力在未来几年将面临严重削弱。
国会黑人核心小组的领导人表示，共和党推动的重新划分选区行动可能会让他们在国会拥有的62个席位中多达19个面临风险。维西已决定不通过转移选区来竞选众议员贾斯敏·克罗克特的席位，他将在本届任期结束后离开国会。
纽约州民主党众议员伊维特·克拉克是国会黑人核心小组主席，她表示，尽可能多地争取民主党席位仍然是重中之重，即便这可能在短期内稀释蓝州的一些多数少数族裔选区。她强调，核心小组的议员代表着多种多样的选区，包括一些不受《选举权法案》约束或没有多数黑人选民的选区。
“这里的理念是，为了保护黑人选民、推动国会中的进步事业，并对当前发生的一切负责，我们必须确保拥有民主党多数席位，”她说。
但在南方各州重新划分选区并可能消灭民主党黑人议员的席位的同时，共和党加剧了民主党内部的紧张关系。
例如在佛罗里达州，州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯制定的选区地图将南佛罗里达州的5个对民主党友好的选区缩减至3个——留下两位知名民主党众议员黛比·沃瑟曼·舒尔茨和贾里德·莫斯科维茨，需要在6月12日的候选人登记截止日期前决定转战哪个选区。
不过，南佛罗里达州的几位黑人民主党议员敦促沃瑟曼·舒尔茨不要竞争第20国会选区的多数少数族裔席位。该席位在民主党议员希拉·谢尔菲勒斯-麦科马克近期辞职后现已空缺。
“代表性和人生阅历很重要，”州参议员罗莎琳德·奥古德说，她是表达担忧的黑人议员之一。她表示已就此事与沃瑟曼·舒尔茨进行过交谈。
“这与黛比无关，”奥古德补充道，“我们真的很尊重黛比。我们看重黛比。我们希望她能留在国会。但我们也希望国会能有黑人代表。”
沃瑟曼·舒尔茨在一份声明中表示，她尚未做出最终决定。
“我仍在进行重要的对话，并正在做尽职调查，思考如何才能最好地服务于我居住并为之奋斗了一生的布劳沃德县社区，”她说，“我不会武断或仓促地做出决定。”
CNN的伊森·科恩为本报道贡献了内容。
What’s inside the Democratic battle plan for the next phase of the redistricting wars
2026-05-13T10:00:51.095Z / https://www.cnn.com/2026/05/13/politics/democrats-redistricting-hakeem-jeffries-us-house-maps
Top Democrats spent the last 10 months tearing up their midterm playbook and duking it out with the GOP over redrawing US House districts — forcing Republicans to a draw.
Then, in just 13 days, Hakeem Jeffries and his party found themselves in a worst-case scenario.
A pair of court rulings — one from the US Supreme Court, one from Virginia — set the party’s redistricting ambitions back by as many 10 seats and left Democrats increasingly desperate to find ways to respond in the coast-to-coast redistricting war that President Donald Trump started last summer.
Jeffries and his allies have designed plans for the next two years to push Democratic-held states to set aside nonpartisan redistricting rules or gerrymander even more aggressively, with an eye toward producing a dozen or more new Democratic-held seats by November 2028, people familiar with the matter said. They’re eying seats from Oregon to New York in an effort that will cost hundreds of millions of dollars more in the next two years.
And they’re willing to put an uncomfortable spotlight on members of their own party to do it.
“The days of Democrats unilaterally disarming are over, particularly given how high the stakes are,” Jeffries told CNN.
Behind the scenes, the House minority leader’s allies are preparing a messaging push against any Democrats who stand in the way of gerrymandering, insisting that only “real Democrats” are willing to fight, according to one person close to Jeffries.
Some of the ideas kicked around by Democrats speak to the anger within the party. One lawmaker has been in early talks with potential delegates at a future Democratic convention on trying to prevent any blue-state leaders who can’t get a new map passed from getting a speaking slot. And for those already in office, primary challenges aren’t off the table, multiple sources said.
In a weekend strategy call after the Virginia Supreme Court invalidated a Democratic-led referendum that could have helped the party gain as many as four seats, frustrated lawmakers threw out ideas that had next to no chance of passing.
Those ideas, first reported by The New York Times, included replacing the entire state Supreme Court and reinstating the map voters approved — though most of the focus was on how to defeat Republicans in the current map, according to a person on the call and another person who was briefed on it.
Virginia Senate Majority Leader Scott Surovell, a Democrat, told CNN the idea of replacing the state’s justices is going nowhere. He noted that Virginia’s chief justice, Cleo Powell, led the court’s dissent.
“We just swore in the first Black female chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia in our 250-year history about three months ago, and to throw her out because her colleagues made a bad decision would be ill-advised,” he told CNN.
But it wasn’t just Virginia Democrats musing about what they could do. Behind the scenes, some Democratic members and campaign officials were seriously discussing whether they could force action in Maryland or New York by November — a scenario that party leaders have ruled out.
Rep. Terri Sewell of Alabama recently told reporters that her party should pursue a clean sweep in blue states — aiming to eliminate all GOP-held seats when they can with aggressively gerrymandered districts.
“I (would) take 52 seats from California, I sure would,” she said, “and 17 from Illinois.”
“We’re going to play their game and beat them at it.”
Jeffries’ push is likely to accelerate Republicans’ efforts to gain even more red-leaning seats in states they control — something critics of gerrymandering in both parties acknowledge.
“It’s almost a race to the bottom,” said Rep. Cleo Fields of Louisiana, who could lose his seat now that his state has been cleared to redraw its maps.
But he said Democrats in blue states have a responsibility to do something.
“The Democratic Party has always taken the moral high ground. It’s always been, ‘We can’t do this because it’s not the right thing to do,’” Fields told CNN. “I think they all need to rethink that. At least short term.”
Jeffries told CNN that Democrats in New York, New Jersey, Washington state, Colorado, Oregon, Maryland and Illinois must act “aggressively” to respond to the GOP’s gerrymandering push. There are also half a dozen more states on the table if Democrats can win key state races this November, according to multiple party officials.
Democrats’ biggest target for 2028 is New York. But there are enormous hurdles there — requiring a change in the state’s constitution.
The blue state, which sent seven Republicans to Congress last year, has some of the nation’s strictest rules against gerrymandering. It also left deep scars for Democrats over map-drawing, with state courts — and, earlier this year, the US Supreme Court — siding against them in favor of Republicans at critical moments.
Jeffries recently sent a fellow New York Democrat, Rep. Joe Morelle, to Albany to make the case that Democrats have no choice but to act. Morelle, who spent 27 years in the state legislature, including a stint as party leader in the Assembly, stressed to the state’s top Democrats that they need to act within three weeks on the first step of a long process to redraw those maps.
“Anyone who puts this in the column of, ‘Oh yeah, this is gonna get done,’ misunderstands the degree of difficulty in changing constitutions,” Morelle said.
Morelle once voted for the state’s redistricting language that Democrats are working to erase. He said his former colleagues were aware of the stakes and of what Jeffries was trying to do.
“They know him, they know how important it is. It’s not lost on anyone that the next speaker of the House is likely to be a New Yorker.”
It’s not yet clear how many GOP seats Democrats would keep in a new map — but some in DC have suggested there are ways to draw a map with only a few Republicans left. (Republicans are skeptical Democrats could get more than three.)
Democrats are also moving in Colorado, where four GOP seats could be up for grabs. A Jeffries-aligned political group gave $150,000 this month to support the state’s redistricting ballot initiative.
In New Jersey, newly elected Gov. Mikie Sherrill last week offered her first public support of a redistricting push in an interview with CNN.
In Washington state, where voters first approved an independent redistricting system in 1983, leaders are talking about scrapping it if they can win a supermajority this fall. Democrats would need to flip 10 state legislative seats there in November before they can consider legislation to put a redistricting referendum to voters in a future election, said Shasti Conrad, who chairs the state Democratic Party.
States like Illinois and Maryland could also prove difficult.
Key Democrats in both states already blocked the effort this cycle, though Maryland state Sen. Bill Ferguson, who rejected Jeffries and Gov. Wes Moore’s push to target the state’s only Republican, has not ruled out putting a constitutional amendment on the ballot this fall to change maps for 2028, according to two sources familiar with the discussions.
Democrats also have a “third tier” group: states that could redraw lines under certain circumstances. That includes Wisconsin, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Arizona and Nevada.
Republicans have their own list — and a lot fewer legal hurdles in the red states.
And some of those states aren’t waiting until 2028.
Florida recently passed a new map that seeks to eliminate four Democratic seats. A new map enacted in Tennessee last week targets the last remaining Democratic-held seat in the state. Alabama now appears on track to use a new map this November, while Republicans in Louisiana are also racing to eliminate Democratic seats in time for the midterms. Those actions follow a US Supreme Court decision late last month that declared unlawful a majority-minority congressional district in Louisiana as an unconstitutional racial gerrymander.
Republican states in the South have had a much simpler, and much swifter, process for redrawing their maps, with no voter referendums. And some top Democrats, including Jeffries, say it’s time for blue states to eliminate their own “good governance” rules until there’s a nationwide detente on redistricting.
“We cannot exist in an environment where Republicans are free to gerrymander congressional districts out of existence without an expectation that Democrats are going to respond immediately and forcefully,” Jeffries told CNN.
Jeffries’ entrance into the national gerrymandering war began last June, when a group of Texas Democrats, led by Rep. Marc Veasey, sat down in his Capitol suite with an unlikely idea.
Veasey, whose seat was set to be eliminated by the state GOP’s new map, urged Jeffries to do something in response.
Specifically, he and those Texas Democrats wanted Jeffries to pressure blue states, starting with California, to go after GOP seats in the same way in what Veasey described as “mutually assured destruction,” according to multiple attendees of that meeting.
Jeffries took an uncharacteristically decisive leap. He was in.
But the race to cut Democratic districts in red states has raised fears among some Black legislators that their political power faces significant erosion in the years ahead.
Leaders of the Congressional Black Caucus have said that as many as 19 of the 62 seats they hold in Congress could be at risk in the redistricting push from Republicans. Veasey is leaving Congress after deciding not to move districts to run for Rep. Jasmine Crockett’s seat.
New York Democratic Rep. Yvette Clarke, who chairs the caucus, said securing as many Democratic seats as possible remains paramount, even if that risks diluting some majority-minority districts in blue states in the short term. She emphasized that members in the CBC represent a diverse range of districts, including some not shaped by the Voting Rights Act or those without majority-Black populations.
“That idea here is that in order to protect Black voters and to advance progress in the Congress and to have accountability for what is taking place is to make sure we have a Democratic majority,” she said.
But in redrawing maps across the South and potentially eliminating Black Democrats’ seats, Republicans have driven up tensions within the Democratic Party.
In Florida, for instance, the map created by Gov. Ron DeSantis shrinks five Democratic-friendly districts in South Florida to three — leaving two high-profile Democrats, Reps. Debbie Wasserman Schultz and Jared Moskowitz, having to decide where they will run ahead of the June 12 filing deadline.
Several Black Democrats in South Florida, however, are urging Wasserman Schultz to steer clear of the majority-minority 20th Congressional District. The seat is now vacant following the recent resignation of Democrat Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick.
“Representation and life experiences matter,” said state Sen. Rosalind Osgood, one of the Black lawmakers expressing concerns. She said she has spoken with Wasserman Schultz about the issue.
“It’s not personal with Debbie,” Osgood added. “We really respect Debbie. We value Debbie. We want her to be in Congress. But we also want to have Black representation in Congress as well.”
In a statement, Wasserman Schultz said she has not made a final call.
“I’m still having vital conversations and doing my due diligence on how to best serve the Broward County community I’ve lived in and devoted my life to fighting for,” she said. “And I won’t be presumptuous or rash in making a decision.”
CNN’s Ethan Cohen contributed to this report.
2025年10月18日，美国华盛顿特区国会山，美国政府持续停摆数周，国会大厦矗立于此。路透社/亚伦·施瓦茨/资料图 购买授权链接，将在新标签页打开