2026-05-05 05:04:10 UTC / 路透社
作者：迈克尔·马蒂纳
2026年5月5日 世界标准时间5:04 更新于34分钟前
节点运行失败
[1/2]2023年4月5日，在美国得克萨斯州弗龙顿，一名来自中国的5岁移民男孩与家人从墨西哥穿越格兰德河进入美国后，沿着小径追赶他的兄弟。路透社/工作人员/档案照片
- 摘要
- 美国高级官员称中国正放缓遣返非法滞留本国公民的进度
- 若中国不接收更多被驱逐者，美国可能实施更严格的签证措施
- 中国此前曾表示反对非法移民，称需开展国际合作
华盛顿5月5日路透电——一名特朗普政府高级官员对路透社表示，中国正放缓遣返非法滞留美国的中国公民的工作，并警告称，如果北京方面不改变做法，华盛顿准备加强对中国的旅行限制。
美国对华发出新的威胁之际，距唐纳德·特朗普总统计划于5月14日至15日访华仅数日。预计特朗普在与中国国家主席习近平的会晤中，将在包括遣返问题在内的多项议题上提出交涉。
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此次访问对特朗普而言至关重要。他希望从北京方面获得贸易让步，以便在11月的中期选举前向选民展示成果。民调显示，此次中期选举可能导致特朗普所在的共和党遭遇失利。
自去年年初重返白宫以来，特朗普已多次威胁对拒绝接收被驱逐者的国家加征关税、实施制裁。这是他竞选白宫期间的核心主张，也是其强硬移民政策的重要支柱。
多年来，中国一直拒绝美国提出的接收数万名逾期居留或非法入境美国的本国公民的要求。
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特朗普就职时，中国曾表示愿意在核实身份后遣返“经确认的中国公民”，但北京方面表示，遣返工作需要时间。
这位美国高级官员称，中国在2025年初通过包机和商业航班接收了约3000名被驱逐者后，过去六个月里缩减了合作力度。这位官员要求匿名，以便坦率谈论政府的相关计划。
这位官员说，中国“拒绝与美国充分合作接收本国公民”，称这违反了中国的国际义务和对本国人民的责任。
这位官员表示，如果中国不在遣返问题上加强合作，美国将考虑提高签证申请所需的现金保证金金额，同时加大拒签力度，增加边境入境限制。
“中国政府的不作为将危及遵纪守法的中国公民未来的赴美旅行，”这位官员说。
中国驻华盛顿大使馆未立即回应置评请求。
北京方面此前曾表示反对非法移民，称其为“需要各国开展合作的国际性问题”。
数万人等待被遣返
特朗普一直推行强硬的移民政策，包括积极开展驱逐行动、撤销签证和绿卡，以及对移民的社交媒体帖子和过往言论进行审查。
在拜登政府执政期间，随着中国经济遭遇逆风，加上新冠疫情期间的签证限制导致赴美签证更难申请，非法穿越美国南部边境的中国公民人数从几乎为零飙升至数万人。
这位官员称，目前美国境内有超过10万名无合法身份的中国公民，其中超过3万人已收到最终驱逐令，当局已拘留其中1500多人等待遣返。这位官员表示，这部分人中大多数还犯有其他罪行。
对美国境内无合法身份中国公民人数的独立估算存在差异。移民政策研究所（MPI）数据显示，2022年年中，约有23.9万名中国移民在美国处于非法居留状态。
这位官员表示，其他在美国有大量非法居留人员的国家，包括印度，都在与美国充分合作。
美国希望北京方面提供旅行证件，并批准由美国出资的海关与边境保护局遣返包机降落中国。
根据《移民与国籍法》第243(d)条，美国可对被认定在接收被驱逐者请求方面“拒不合作”的国家实施签证制裁。美国国土安全部 routinely将这一标签贴给中国。
追溯至奥巴马政府时期的美国执法官员曾表示，他们认为中国迟迟不为被驱逐者签发新的旅行证件，因为中国不愿接收这些人，或将该问题视为对华盛顿施压的谈判筹码。
美国执法官员对路透社表示，中国有时会将美国提出的遣返请求，与中国要求引渡逃往美国的经济或政治逃犯的请求挂钩。
迈克尔·马蒂纳报道；华盛顿的泰德·赫森补充报道；唐·达夫和拉朱·戈帕拉克里希南编辑
我们的报道准则：路透社信托原则
Exclusive: US prepared for visa sanctions on China over migrants issue, official says
2026-05-05 05:04:10 UTC / Reuters
By Michael Martina
May 5, 2026 5:04 AM UTC Updated 34 mins ago
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[1/2]A five-year-old migrant boy from China chases his brother down a trail after he and his family crossed the Rio Grande river into the United States from Mexico in Fronton, Texas, U.S., April 5, 2023. REUTERS/Staff/File Photo
- Senior US official says China slowing repatriation of undocumented nationals
- US may impose stricter visa measures if China does not accept more deportees
- China has previously said it opposes illegal migration, cited need for cooperation
WASHINGTON, May 5 (Reuters) – China is slowing its efforts to repatriate Chinese nationals who are in the U.S. illegally, a senior Trump administration official told Reuters, warning that Washington was prepared to increase travel restrictions on the country if Beijing didn’t reverse course.
The new U.S. threat toward China comes just days before President Donald Trump’s planned May 14-15 visit to Beijing, where, among other issues, he is expected to raise the deportation issue during meetings with his counterpart Xi Jinping.
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The trip is an important one for Trump, who is hoping to win trade concessions from Beijing that he can present to voters ahead of November’s midterm elections that polls suggest could deliver losses for the president’s Republican party.
Since returning to the White House early last year, Trump has threatened tariffs and sanctions on numerous countries for failing to accept deportees, a central pillar of his campaign for the White House and hard-line immigration policies.
China for years has resisted U.S. requests to take back tens of thousands of its citizens who have overstayed or illegally entered the country.
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When Trump took office, China had suggested it was willing to repatriate “confirmed Chinese nationals” following verification. But Beijing has said doing so takes time.
After accepting about 3,000 deportees via charter and commercial flights in early 2025, China has scaled back cooperation in the past six months, the senior U.S. official said. The official spoke on condition of anonymity in order to speak candidly about administration plans.
China “refuses to fully cooperate with the United States to take back its citizens,” the official said, calling it a violation of China’s international obligations and responsibility toward its people.
The official said that if China didn’t increase cooperation on deportations, the United States would consider increased cash bonds accompanying visa applications, as well as denying more visas and blocking more entries at the border.
“Inaction by the Chinese government will jeopardize future travel for law-abiding Chinese citizens,” the official said.
The Chinese embassy in Washington did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Previously Beijing has said it opposes illegal migration, and calls it an “international issue that requires cooperation between countries.”
TENS OF THOUSANDS AWAIT REMOVAL
Trump has pursued a hard-line immigration policy, including an aggressive deportation drive, revocations of visas and green cards, and checks of social media posts and past speeches of immigrants.
During the Biden administration, the number of Chinese nationals illegally crossing the U.S. southern border surged from negligible numbers to tens of thousands, as China’s economy faced headwinds and U.S. visas were harder to acquire due to COVID era restrictions.
There are now more than 100,000 undocumented Chinese nationals in the U.S., the official said. More than 30,000 have final orders of removal, and of those, authorities have detained more than 1,500 awaiting deportation. Most in this last category have committed other crimes, the official said.
Independent estimates of the number of undocumented Chinese nationals in the U.S. vary. The Migration Policy Institute (MPI) said that in mid-2022 as many as 239,000 Chinese immigrants were not authorized to be in the country.
Other countries with large numbers of undocumented people in the U.S., including India, are fully cooperating with the U.S., the official said.
The U.S. wants Beijing to provide travel documents and approve Customs and Border Protection charter flights with deportees, paid for by the U.S., to land in the country.
Under Section 243(d) of the Immigration and Nationality Act the U.S. can place visa sanctions on countries deemed “recalcitrant” in complying with repatriation requests, a label the Department of Homeland Security has routinely applied to China.
U.S. authorities going back to the Obama administration have said they believe China slow rolls the issuance of new travel documents for the deportees because it doesn’t want to take them back or sees the issue as a useful point of leverage with Washington.
U.S. law enforcement officials have told Reuters that China at times seeks to link Washington’s requests on deportations to Beijing’s requests to extradite economic or political fugitives who have fled to the United States.
Reporting by Michael Martina; Additional reporting by Ted Hesson in Washington; Editing by Don Durfee and Raju Gopalakrishnan
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