更新于2026年2月6日，美国东部时间下午5:02 | 发布于2026年2月6日，美国东部时间下午3:32 | 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）政治
作者：[詹妮弗·汉斯勒]，[凯莉·阿特伍德]
2025年9月3日，中国北京天安门广场举行的V日阅兵中展示了陆基洲际弹道导弹。
VCG/Getty Images/资料图
美国周五指控中国在2020年进行了秘密核试验，而特朗普政府呼吁达成一项包括中国和俄罗斯在内的更广泛的核武器协议。
这一指控是在美俄之间最后一项剩余的核武器控制条约失效后的第二天提出的，这使得世界上最大的两个核超级大国几十年来首次在其武器库规模上不受限制。
总统唐纳德·特朗普及其政府其他高级官员明确表示，他们将不再遵守《新削减战略武器条约》（New START Treaty）的限制，而是辩称需要一项新协议来应对来自莫斯科和北京的威胁。特朗普去年还呼吁美国恢复核武器试验。
“今天，我可以透露，美国政府知道中国进行了核爆炸试验，包括准备进行数百吨当量的试验，”主管军控与国际安全事务的国务院副国务卿托马斯·迪南诺（Thomas DiNanno）在周五维也纳全球裁军会议上的讲话中说。
“中国在2020年6月22日进行了一次这样的当量生产核试验，”他说，但没有提供进一步细节。一位前美国高级官员告诉CNN，有关中国2020年试验的信息已被解密。
迪南诺指责中国军方试图通过混淆核爆炸来隐瞒试验，因为它认识到这些试验违反了试验禁令承诺。
“中国使用了‘解耦’——一种降低地震监测有效性的方法——来向世界隐瞒其活动，”他说。据专家介绍，当挖掘一个大洞穴以减轻核爆炸的地震活动时，就会发生解耦，这使得探测变得更加困难。
一个致力于全球核武器试验监测的组织的高级官员周五在一份声明中表示，他们的系统“在2020年6月22日没有检测到任何与核武器试验爆炸特征一致的事件”。
“随后的更详细分析并没有改变这一判断，”全面禁止核试验条约组织（CTBTO）执行秘书罗布·弗洛伊德（Rob Floyd）说。
弗洛伊德说，该组织的国际监测系统（IMS）“能够探测到当量相当于或大于约500吨TNT的核试验爆炸”。他指出，该系统已经探测到朝鲜进行并宣布的“所有六次试验”。
迪南诺称，所谓的中国试验当量“在数百吨”，但没有提供具体数字，因此目前尚不清楚这是否会达到监测系统能够探测到的阈值。
“如果这是一次非常、非常低当量的试验爆炸……那么它有可能被CTBTO监测站隐藏起来，”军备控制协会执行主任达里尔·金博尔（Daryl Kimball）解释道。
弗洛伊德指出，《全面禁止核试验条约》（CTBT）提供了“可以处理较小爆炸”的机制。该条约禁止“任何核武器试验爆炸或任何其他核爆炸”。然而，这些机制只有在条约生效时才能使用。
世界上大多数国家都签署并批准了该条约。尽管美国和中国都签署了该条约，但尚未批准，俄罗斯于2023年退出了批准。因此，该条约无法生效。
美国和中国过去曾表示，它们遵守核试验暂停承诺，但去年，特朗普呼吁美国“平等地”恢复核武器试验。
在周五的讲话中，迪南诺暗示，所谓的中国试验促使特朗普做出这一决定。他还表示，“美国年度合规报告此前曾评估，俄罗斯未能通过进行超临界核武器试验来维持其试验暂停承诺。”
当被问及所谓的秘密核试验指控时，中国驻华盛顿大使馆发言人刘鹏宇表示，中国“奉行核武器‘不首先使用’政策，核战略以自卫为重点，并坚持核试验暂停。”
“我们随时准备与各方共同维护《全面禁止核试验条约》的权威，维护国际核裁军与防扩散制度，”刘鹏宇说。
“希望美国认真遵守其在条约下的义务和暂停核试验的承诺，并采取具体行动维护国际核裁军与防扩散制度以及全球战略平衡与稳定，”他告诉CNN。
“一个时代的终结”
在周五的讲话中，迪南诺表示，“2026年2月5日确实标志着一个时代的结束：美国单方面克制的结束”，指的是《新削减战略武器条约》的终止。尽管他没有明确表示美国将在不再受该协议约束后增加核武器部署，但他暗示这可能发生。
“我们将完成在《新削减战略武器条约》生效期间启动的正在进行的核现代化计划。如果总统下令，美国还保留了可用于应对新兴安全环境的非部署核能力，”他说。
“我们将维持强大、可信且现代化的核威慑力量，以确保我们的安全、维护和平与稳定，并在强大的地位上进行谈判，”他补充道。
“下一个军备控制时代可以而且应该继续明确聚焦，但这将需要谈判桌上不仅仅是俄罗斯的参与，”迪南诺说。
目前尚不清楚美国打算如何让中国坐到谈判桌前。北京一直拒绝三边军控谈判，理由是其核武库规模与俄罗斯和美国不相称。
大西洋理事会斯考克罗夫特战略与安全中心副主席兼高级主任马修·克罗尼格（Matthew Kroenig）指出，如果这确实是中国的担忧，“他们难道不应该希望进行军控谈判吗？”
“如果他们能让我们限制我们的武器，那对他们来说应该更好，”他争辩道。他表示，他认为北京不想谈判，因为“他们想要一支超级大国的核力量”。
“他们在建设这支力量上投入了大量资金。他们不会花这么多钱并耗费这么多金属去交换掉它，”他说。
一些美国官员认为，《新削减战略武器条约》的到期为美国核武库的扩张铺平了道路，这可能会引起中国足够的担忧，从而将不断扩张的核力量纳入谈判桌，据一位美国官员称。
军备控制协会执行主任达里尔·金博尔指出，“如果确实存在违反试验禁令的行为，那将是个大问题，但仅仅抱怨并不能解决问题。”
他呼吁美国提出一项“合理的方法”，比如双边军控谈判。
“在此期间，美国和俄罗斯没有理由不应该继续尊重《新削减战略武器条约》的核心限制，”他说。
US accuses China of secret nuclear test as Trump admin calls for broader nuclear weapons agreement
Updated Feb 6, 2026, 5:02 PM ET | Published Feb 6, 2026, 3:32 PM ET | CNN Politics
By
[Jennifer Hansler]
,
[Kylie Atwood]
Land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles are seen at the V-Day military parade at Tian’anmen Square in Beijing, China, on September 3, 2025.
VCG/Getty Images/File
The United States on Friday accused China of carrying out a secret nuclear test in 2020 as the Trump administration calls for a broader nuclear weapons agreement including both China and Russia.
The allegation comes a day after the last remaining nuclear arms control treaty between the US and Russia lapsed, leaving the world’s largest nuclear superpowers without limits on their arsenals for the first time in decades.
President Donald Trump and other top officials in his administration have made clear they will no longer abide by the limitations of the New START Treaty and instead have argued they need a new deal to address threats from Moscow and Beijing. And Trump last year called for the resumption of US nuclear weapons tests.
“Today, I can reveal that the U.S. Government is aware that China has conducted nuclear explosive tests, including preparing for tests with designated yields in the hundreds of tons,” Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Thomas DiNanno said in remarks at a global Disarmament Conference in Vienna Friday.
“China conducted one such yield producing nuclear test on June 22 of 2020,” he said, without providing further details. A former senior US official told CNN that information about China’s 2020 test had been declassified.
DiNanno accused the Chinese military of seeking “to conceal testing by obfuscating the nuclear explosions because it recognized these tests violate test ban commitments.”
“China has used decoupling – a method to decrease the effectiveness of seismic monitoring – to hide their activities from the world,” he said. According to experts, decoupling happens when a large cavern is dug to lessen the seismic activity from a nuclear explosion, making it harder to detect.
A top official from an organization that works to monitor for nuclear weapons tests worldwide said in a statement Friday that their system “did not detect any event consistent with the characteristics of a nuclear weapon test explosion” on June 22, 2020.
“Subsequent, more detailed analyses have not altered that determination,” said Rob Floyd, the executive secretary of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO).
Floyd said the organization’s International Monitoring System (IMS) “is capable of detecting nuclear test explosions with a yield equivalent to or greater than approximately 500 tonnes of TNT.” He noted it had detected “all six tests conducted and declared by” North Korea.
The alleged Chinese test had a yield “in the hundreds of tons,” DiNanno said without providing a specific number, so it’s unclear if it would have met the threshold to be be detected the monitoring system.
“If this was a very, very low yield test explosion…it is possible that it could be hidden from the CBTBO monitoring stations,” explained Daryl Kimball, the Executive Director of the Arms Control Association.
Floyd noted that there are mechanisms “which could address smaller explosions” provided by the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). That treaty prohibits “any nuclear weapon test explosion or any other nuclear explosion.” However, those mechanisms can only be used when the treaty enters into force.
Most of the world has signed onto and ratified the treaty. Although both the US and China signed, they have not ratified it and Russia withdrew its ratification in 2023. As such, the Treaty cannot enter into force.
The US and China in the past had said they adhere to a moratorium on nuclear testing, but last year, Trump called for US nuclear weapons testing to resume “on an equal basis.”
In his remarks on Friday, DiNanno suggested that the alleged Chinese testing had motivated Trump’s decree. He also said that “the annual US compliance report has previously assessed that Russia has failed to maintain its testing moratorium by conducting supercritical nuclear weapons tests.”
Asked about the allegation of secret nuclear testing, the spokesperson for the Chinese Embassy in Washington, DC, said China “follows a policy of ‘no first use’ of nuclear weapons and a nuclear strategy that focuses on self-defense, and adheres to its nuclear testing moratorium.”
“We stand ready to work with all parties to jointly uphold the authority of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty and safeguard the international nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation regime,” said Liu Pengyu.
“It’s hoped that the US will earnestly abide by its obligations under the Treaty and its commitment to a moratorium on nuclear testing and take concrete actions to uphold the international nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation regime, as well as global strategic balance and stability,” he told CNN.
‘The end of an era’
In his remarks Friday, DiNanno said that “February 5, 2026, indeed marks the end of an era: the end of US unilateral restraint,” referencing the end of the New START Treaty. Although he did not explicitly say the US would upload additional nuclear weapons now that it was no longer bound by the agreement, he indicated it was likely.
“We will complete our ongoing nuclear modernization programs that were initiated while New START entered into force. The United States also retains non-deployed nuclear capacity that can be used to address the emerging security environment, if directed by the president,” he said.
The US “will maintain a robust, credible, and modernized nuclear deterrent to ensure our security preserves peace and stability, and negotiate from a position of strength,” he added.
“The next era of arms control can and should continue with clear focus, but it will require the participation of more than just Russia at the negotiating table,” DiNanno said.
It is unclear how the US intends to get China to that negotiating table. Beijing has consistently rebuffed trilateral arms control negotiations, arguing that their stockpiles are not on par with Moscow and Washington.
Matthew Kroenig, vice president and senior director of the Atlantic Council’s Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security, noted that if this is truly China’s concern, “shouldn’t they want arms control?”
“If they can get us to limit our weapons, that should be better for them,” he argued. He said he believes Beijing doesn’t want to negotiate because “they want a superpower nuclear force.”
“They’ve invested a lot in building this force. They didn’t spend all this money and bend all this metal to trade it away,” he said.
Some US officials believe that the expiration of New START paves the way for the expansion of the US arsenal which could prompt enough Chinese concern to bring the expanding nuclear power the table, according to a US official.
Daryl Kimball, the Executive Director of the Arms Control Association, noted that “if there is any true violation of the test ban treaty, that’s a big problem, but simply complaining about it doesn’t solve the problem.”
He called on the US to propose a “sensible approach” like bilateral talks over arms control.
“In the meantime, there is no reason why the United States and Russia should not and cannot continue to respect the central limits of New START,” he said.