2026-06-04T05:53:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
更新时间：2026年6月4日 / 美国东部时间上午7:01 / 哥伦比亚广播公司/美联社
纽约 ——太空探索技术公司（SpaceX）表示，计划于本月上市时募资至多750亿美元，这将成为史上规模最大的首次公开募股（IPO），也将让当前全球首富埃隆·马斯克有望成为全球首位万亿富豪。
据法新社报道，这家正式名称为太空探索技术公司的企业周三宣布，将在首次公开募股中以每股135美元的价格，精准发行555,555,555股股票。预计募资总额将轻松超过2019年石油巨头沙特阿美创下的260亿美元募资纪录。此次上市将给SpaceX带来1.77万亿美元的市值，目前标普500指数成分股中仅有6家公司市值高于这一水平，其中英伟达以5.2万亿美元位居榜首。
除了IPO规模和预计募资额之外，SpaceX更新后的招股说明书还披露了马斯克对公司的控制权细节。作为SpaceX的首席执行官、首席技术官兼董事长，马斯克的投票权主要来自其持有的52.2亿股B类股，这类股票每股拥有10倍投票权。根据备案文件，马斯克将持有公司82.4%的投票权。
《福布斯》目前估算马斯克的净资产为8260亿美元，其中在SpaceX的持股价值为5420亿美元。这一估算基于SpaceX整体估值1.25万亿美元。按照此次披露的1.77万亿美元估值计算，马斯克在SpaceX的持股价值将增加2230亿美元，使其净资产突破万亿美元大关。不过，马斯克的大部分财富仍为尚未套现的股票。
即便在冲击史上最大规模IPO的同时，SpaceX目前每年仍亏损数十亿美元。备案文件显示，该公司去年营收为187亿美元，运营亏损达26亿美元，今年年初亏损仍在持续扩大。
市场对SpaceX的上市表现仍有待观察。马斯克为这家公司设定的规划，与他希望通过此次募资获得的巨额资金一样天马行空。
这份招股说明书内容丰富，部分细节甚至令人震撼，与通常枯燥乏味的技术类IPO文件形成鲜明对比。文件详细说明，将利用募资所得资金助力人类重返月球，甚至有可能登陆火星。其中一部分内容提到，随着可能导致人类走向“与恐龙相同命运”的生存威胁迫近，需要在这颗红色星球建立“拥有至少100万居民的永久性人类殖民地”。
马斯克对其另一家上市公司特斯拉也有着同样雄心勃勃的规划。他的目标是将这家电动汽车制造商转型为自动驾驶出租车和人形机器人生产商。
韦德布什证券的丹·艾夫斯在一份研究报告中表示，他预计特斯拉和SpaceX将于明年合并。
人工智能或发挥关键作用
人工智能是两家公司乃至合并后实体成功的关键。在SpaceX的IPO备案文件中，该公司表示人工智能业务的潜在营收可达26.5万亿美元。但这一目标有赖于马斯克另一项宏大的野心——在太空部署数据中心，而这一技术目前尚未实现。
将SpaceX转型为以人工智能为核心的公司对马斯克来说是一项挑战。他在2023年与其他11名联合创始人共同创立了人工智能公司xAI，但这些联合创始人后来都已离职，其中一些人被竞争对手挖走。
国际数据公司（IDC）分析师阿尔纳尔·达亚拉特纳表示，xAI的主要人工智能产品聊天机器人Grok“不如我们看到的该领域其他任何主要玩家的产品，无论是OpenAI、Anthropic还是（谷歌的）Gemini”。
达亚拉特纳指出，这并不意味着SpaceX没有成为人工智能巨头的潜力，部分原因在于其与Anthropic的计算合作协议，以及马斯克近期达成的一项协议：将于今年晚些时候以600亿美元收购人工智能编码工具Cursor。整合Cursor的功能将使SpaceX能够获得目前使用Anthropic的Claude或OpenAI的ChatGPT的优质企业客户。
SpaceX计划将IPO所得净收益用于扩张人工智能和火箭业务的基础设施，以及升级为Starlink Mobile提供支持的卫星星座等多项投资。
伦敦XTB经纪公司研究主任凯瑟琳·布鲁克斯在接受法新社采访时表示：“人工智能热潮仍在持续升温，恰好赶上SpaceX下周的IPO。”
SpaceX计划在纳斯达克上市，股票代码为“SPCX”，最快将于下周末开始交易。
Anthropic也推进IPO计划，OpenAI或紧随其后
SpaceX并非投资者目前期待的唯一巨型IPO。本周早些时候，Anthropic已向美国证券交易委员会提交保密备案，正式启动其IPO流程。
OpenAI尚未提交SEC的初始备案文件，但市场普遍预计这家ChatGPT开发商将启动上市计划。
艾夫斯在报告中写道：“此次上市将是多年来IPO市场低迷后的首次重大考验，SpaceX将为紧随其后的人工智能巨头Anthropic和OpenAI铺平道路。”
SpaceX plans biggest stock market debut ever — and it could make Elon Musk world’s first trillionaire
2026-06-04T05:53:00-0400 / CBS News
Updated on: June 4, 2026 / 7:01 AM EDT / CBS/AP
New York — SpaceX says it plans to raise up to $75 billion when it goes public this month, setting the stage for the largest-ever stock market debut and putting Elon Musk — the world’s richest person — on course to becoming the first trillionaire.
The company, formally known as Space Exploration Technologies Corp., said Wednesday it will offer exactly 555,555,555 shares at $135 apiece in an initial public offering, French news agency AFP reports. The estimated proceeds would easily top the $26 billion raised by oil giant Saudi Aramco in 2019. The offering would also give SpaceX a market value of $1.77 trillion. Only six companies in the S&P 500 are currently worth more, with Nvidia tops at $5.2 trillion.
Besides the size of the offering and the expected proceeds, SpaceX’s amended prospectus updates details about how much control of the company Musk will have. As SpaceX’s CEO, chief technical officer and chairman, Musk’s voting power will come primarily through his ownership of 5.22 billion Class B shares that give the holder 10 votes for every share held. According to the filing, Musk would have 82.4% of the voting power in the company.
Forbes currently values Musk’s net worth at $826 billion and his stake in SpaceX at $542 billion. The estimated value of his SpaceX holdings was based on an overall value for the company of $1.25 trillion. Based on those numbers, a $1.77 trillion valuation for SpaceX would boost Musk’s net worth by $223 billion, making him a trillionaire. However, much of Musk’s worth is in stock that he has yet to cash in.
Even as it makes a bid for a blockbuster market debut, SpaceX is currently losing billions of dollars a year. The filing shows that the company lost $2.6 billion from operations last year on $18.7 billion in revenue, and the losses kept piling up at the start of this year as well.
Time will tell how SpaceX fares on the market. Musk’s plans for the company are as fantastical as the money he hopes raise in the sale.
Colorful, even frightening in parts, the IPO document strikes a contrast with the typically dry, technical prose in IPO documents, detailing plans to use proceeds from the sale to help put men on the moon again and perhaps even Mars. In one section, it talks of a need to build “a permanent human colony” on the red planet with “at least one million inhabitants” as existential threats loom that could consign man to “the same fate as the dinosaurs.”
Musk has almost equally ambitious plans for his other publicly traded company, Tesla. His goal is to transform the maker of electric vehicles into a producer of robotaxis and humanoid robots.
Dan Ives of Wedbush Securities wrote in a research note that he expects Tesla and SpaceX to merge next year.
AI’s possibly pivotal role
Key to the success of both companies — and any merged entity — is artificial intelligence. In its IPO filing, SpaceX says it sees potential revenue from AI of up to $26.5 trillion. But that depends on another lofty Musk ambition – putting data centers in space, which isn’t technologically possible at the moment.
Transforming his space company into a primarily AI-focused company will be a challenge for Musk, who started xAI in 2023 with 11 other co-founders who have all since left. Some were recruited away by rivals.
Its main AI product, the chatbot Grok, is “less impressive than anything that we see from any other major player in the space, whether that’s OpenAI, or Anthropic, or (Google’s) Gemini,” said IDC analyst Arnal Dayaratna.
Dayaratna said that doesn’t mean SpaceX doesn’t have potential as a major AI player, thanks in part to its computing partnership with Anthropic and Musk’s recent deal that gave SpaceX the rights to buy AI coding tool Cursor for $60 billion later this year. Folding in Cursor’s capabilities would give SpaceX access to the coveted business customers now using Anthropic’s Claude or OpenAI’s ChatGPT.
SpaceX plans to use the net proceeds from the IPO to fund the expansion of infrastructure for its AI and rocket businesses and to beef up the constellation of satellites that power Starlink Mobile, among other investments.
“The AI trade continues to roar, just in time for SpaceX’s IPO next week,” AFP quotes Kathleen Brooks, research director at the brokerage firm XTB in London as saying.
The company plans to list on the Nasdaq under the symbol “SPCX” and could begin trading as soon as the end of next week.
Anthropic also on IPO track and OpenAI may be
And SpaceX isn’t the only colossal market debut investors are now bracing for. Earlier this week, Anthropic submitted a confidential filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission to officially start its own IPO clock.
OpenAI hasn’t reported filing the initial SEC paperwork yet, but an IPO from the ChatGPT maker is widely expected.
“This listing represents the first major test for public markets after years of muted IPO activity with SpaceX paving the way for AI giants Anthropic and OpenAI to follow soon after,” Ives wrote.
U.S. Federal Reserve Vice Chair for Supervision Michelle Bowman testifies during a Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee hearing on an update from the Prudential regulators, on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., U.S., February 26, 2026. REUTERS/Kylie Cooper/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab