2026年4月4日 / 美国东部时间中午12:13 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
周五，一名联邦法官叫停了特朗普政府收集数据以证明高等教育机构在招生中不考虑种族的行动。
美国马萨诸塞州波士顿联邦地区法院法官F.丹尼斯·塞勒四世作出的这项初步禁制令裁决，此前由17名民主党州总检察长组成的联盟于本月早些时候提起诉讼。该禁制令仅适用于原告州的公立大学。
这位联邦法官表示，联邦政府或许有权收集此类数据，但政府向高校提出的这项要求出台方式“仓促且混乱”。
塞勒写道：“总统设定的120天期限直接导致美国国家教育统计中心未能在通知和评论程序中与高校进行有意义的沟通，以解决新要求带来的大量问题。”
唐纳德·特朗普总统于今年8月下令开展这项数据收集工作，此前他担忧高校利用个人陈述和其他替代性指标考量种族因素，他认为这属于非法歧视。
2023年，美国最高法院裁定招生中不得使用平权法案政策，但同时表示，如果申请者在招生文书中分享相关信息，高校仍可考虑种族对学生人生经历的影响。
原告州方认为，这项数据收集行动有侵犯学生隐私的风险，还可能导致对高校毫无根据的调查。他们还指出，高校没有获得足够时间来收集相关数据。
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“数据收集的要求如此仓促且不负责任，这将给高校带来麻烦，”原告方律师米歇尔·帕库奇在法庭上表示，并补充道，这项行动似乎旨在揭露所谓的非法招生行为。
美国教育部为这项行动辩护称，纳税人有权了解接受联邦资助的高校的资金使用情况。
本届政府的这项政策与美国政府与布朗大学和哥伦比亚大学达成的和解协议一脉相承，这两所大学因此得以恢复联邦研究资金。两所大学同意向政府提供申请者、录取学生和在读学生的种族、平均绩点以及标准化考试成绩数据。两所学校还同意接受政府审计，并向公众公布招生统计数据。
美国国家教育统计中心将负责收集这项新数据，包括高校申请者、录取学生和在读学生的种族与性别信息。教育部长琳达·麦克马洪曾表示，本应于3月18日提交的数据需要按种族和性别分类统计，并追溯报告过去七年的数据。
如果高校未能按时提交完整且准确的数据，政府表示麦克马洪可根据1965年《高等教育法》第四篇采取行动，该法案规定了接受学生联邦财政援助的高校需满足的要求。
特朗普政府还就类似数据要求起诉了哈佛大学，称该校拒绝提供司法部要求的招生记录，以确保该校停止使用平权法案招生政策。哈佛大学表示，该校一直在响应政府的相关要求，并且符合最高法院关于平权法案的裁决。周一，教育部民权办公室要求哈佛大学在20天内 comply with 数据提交要求，否则将把案件移交美国司法部。
Judge halts Trump effort requiring colleges to show they aren’t considering race in admissions
April 4, 2026 / 12:13 PM EDT / CBS News
A federal judge on Friday halted efforts by the Trump administration to collect data that proves higher education institutions aren’t considering race in admissions.
The ruling from U.S. District Court Judge F. Dennis Saylor IV in Boston granting the preliminary injunction follows a lawsuit filed earlier this month by a coalition of 17 Democratic state attorneys general. It will only apply to public universities in plaintiffs’ states.
The federal judge said the federal government likely has the authority to collect the data, but the demand was rolled out to universities in a “rushed and chaotic” manner.
“The 120-day deadline imposed by the President led directly to the failure of NCES (National Center for Education Statistics) to engage meaningfully with the institutions during the notice-and-comment process to address the multitude of problems presented by the new requirements,” Saylor wrote.
President Donald Trump ordered the data collection in August after he raised concerns that colleges and universities were using personal statements and other proxies to consider race, which he views as illegal discrimination.
In 2023, the Supreme Court ruled against the use of affirmative action in admissions but said colleges could still consider how race has shaped students’ lives if applicants share that information in their admissions essays.
The states argue the data collection risks invading student privacy and leading to baseless investigations of colleges and universities. They also argued that universities have not been given enough time to collect the data.
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“The data has been sought in such a hasty and irresponsible way that it will create problems for universities,” a lawyer for the plaintiffs, Michelle Pascucci, told the court, adding that the effort seem was aimed at uncovering unlawful practices.
The Education Department has defended the effort, arguing taxpayers deserve transparency on how money is spent at institutions that receive federal funding.
The administration’s policy echoes settlement agreements the government negotiated with Brown University and Columbia University, restoring their federal research money. The universities agreed to give the government data on the race, grade-point average and standardized test scores of applicants, admitted students and enrolled students. The schools also agreed to be audited by the government and to release admissions statistics to the public.
The National Center for Education Statistics is to collect the new data, including the race and sex of colleges’ applicants, admitted students and enrolled students. Education Secretary Linda McMahon has said the data, which was originally due by March 18, must be disaggregated by race and sex and retroactively reported for the past seven years.
If colleges fail to submit timely, complete and accurate data, the administration has said McMahon can take action under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, which outlines requirements for colleges receiving federal financial aid for students.
The Trump administration separately has sued Harvard University over similar data, saying it refused to provide admissions records the Justice Department demanded to ensure the school stopped using affirmative action. Harvard has said the university has been responding to the government’s requests and is in compliance with the high court ruling against affirmative action. On Monday, the Education Department’s Office for Civil Rights directed Harvard to comply with the data requests within 20 days for face referral to the U.S. Justice Department.
