2026年3月13日 / 美国东部时间下午4:18 / CBS新闻
特朗普政府本周下令从美国战略石油储备中释放1.72亿桶石油，这是该储备历史上第二大释放量，仅次于前总统拜登2022年释放的1.8亿桶。
此举旨在抑制油价，周五伊朗战争局势下油价徘徊在每桶100美元以上。
根据CBS新闻对美国能源部数据的分析，此次石油释放将于下周开始，将在120天内逐步完成，届时美国石油储备将降至约2.43亿桶，较目前的4.15亿桶下降41%。这将使战略储备处于1982年以来的最低水平。
上一次主要石油储备消耗发生在2022年3月，当时拜登下令释放1.8亿桶石油以应对乌克兰战争导致的汽油价格上涨。他的政府此前在2021年释放了5000万桶。
美国汽车协会(AAA)数据显示，2022年3月美国普通汽油价格约为每加仑4.23美元。该组织称当前平均汽油价格为每加仑3.63美元，较伊朗冲突开始前的2.98美元上涨22%。
“美国已安排在未来一年内用约2亿桶石油替换这些战略储备，”美国能源部长克里斯·赖特周三在声明中表示。
战略石油储备(SPR)根据1975年《能源政策与保护法》创建，以应对1970年代能源危机。1985年首次销售测试性释放500万桶，1990年乔治·H·W·布什总统再次释放500万桶以测试储备准备情况。
最近，美国在2021年为应对疫情造成的石油供应中断释放了3200万桶。美国通常在自然灾害导致的供应中断时进行石油释放，如2021年飓风”艾达”后释放330万桶，2005年飓风”卡特里娜”后释放1100万桶。
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美国从储备中释放1.72亿桶石油
美国从储备中释放1.72亿桶石油
(02:37)
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https://www.cbsnews.com/video/us-releasing-172-million-barrels-of-oil-from-reserve/
Planned release of strategic reserve would put U.S. supplies at lowest levels in 44 years
March 13, 2026 / 4:18 PM EDT / CBS News
The Trump administration ordered the release of 172 million barrels of oil from the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve this week, making it the second-largest release from the reserve in its history after former President Joe Biden’s 2022 withdrawal of 180 million barrels.
The move was meant to stem oil prices, which hovered over $100 a barrel Friday amid the war with Iran.
The release of oil, which will start next week and roll out over 120 days, would bring the nation’s oil reserves to roughly 243 million barrels, down 41% from its current 415 million barrels. That would leave the strategic stockpile at its lowest levels since 1982, according to a CBS News analysis of data from the Department of Energy.
The last major drawdown of oil reserves occurred in March of 2022, when Biden ordered the release of 180 million barrels to combat rising gas prices caused by the war in Ukraine. His administration previously released 50 million barrels in 2021.
The average price of a gallon of gas in the U.S. was about $4.23 a gallon in March of 2022, according to data from AAA. The organization puts current average gas prices at $3.63, up 22% from $2.98 before the start of the Iran conflict.
“The United States has arranged to more than replace these strategic reserves with approximately 200 million barrels within the next year,” U.S. Secretary of Energy Chris Wright said in a statement on Wednesday.
The SPR was created in 1975 under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act in response to the 1970s energy crisis. The first sale was a test sale of 5 million barrels in 1985, and again in 1990, when President George H.W. Bush sold 5 million barrels to test the readiness of the reserve.
More recently, the U.S. withdrew 32 million barrels in 2021 to combat disruptions caused by the pandemic. The U.S. would typically make releases from disruptions caused by natural disasters such as 3.3 million barrels after Hurricane Ida in 2021 and 11 million barrels after Hurricane Katrina in 2005.
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U.S. releasing 172 million barrels of reserve oil
U.S. releasing 172 million barrels of oil from reserve 02:37
U.S. releasing 172 million barrels of oil from reserve
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https://www.cbsnews.com/video/us-releasing-172-million-barrels-of-oil-from-reserve/
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