2026年3月10日 / 美国东部时间下午1:13 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙周一访问了地中海东部的塞浦路斯岛，以讨论地区安全问题，此前该岛上的一个英国军事基地遭到伊朗无人机袭击。
法国迅速与其他欧洲国家一道强调，对塞浦路斯的袭击就是对整个欧洲的袭击。巴黎与其他几个欧洲首都一道宣布，将向地中海部署更多战舰，以及反无人机和反导弹防御系统，以帮助保卫塞浦路斯。
塞浦路斯是一个小岛，面积大约相当于美国黄石国家公园，人口不到150万。但它位于地中海最东部，距离中东核心地带的黎巴嫩和叙利亚海岸仅约100英里，地理位置战略价值不可估量——这也解释了为什么英国几十年来一直保留着在那里的两个主权军事基地：阿克罗蒂里和德凯利亚。
[地图显示地中海地区，塞浦路斯位于地中海最东部，靠近黎巴嫩和叙利亚海岸。盖蒂图片社]
自2月28日美国和以色列对伊朗发动打击以来，这个小岛就被推到了国际安全关切的前沿。伊朗大多数报复性弹道导弹和无人机发射都瞄准了以色列及其波斯湾邻国，但也有几架无人机瞄准了英国在阿克罗蒂里的空军基地，并轻微损坏了跑道。
然而，这个小岛并非第一次面临军事紧张局势。
自1974年以来，该岛沿联合国在希腊族塞浦路斯人和少数土耳其族塞浦路斯人发生冲突后划定的所谓”绿线”分裂。希腊族塞浦路斯人在该岛脱离英国独立后，一些人寻求与希腊合并。
国际社会承认的塞浦路斯共和国（RoC）大致构成了该岛的南部。它于2004年加入欧盟，而土耳其控制的北部仅得到安卡拉的承认。
双方仍高度军事化，土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安最近因对地区安全局势的担忧，向北部塞浦路斯增派了更多军事资产。
[英国45型防空驱逐舰”龙”号于2026年3月10日从英国朴茨茅斯港启航，被部署到塞浦路斯以加强地中海东部地区的防空。莱昂·尼尔/盖蒂图片社]
在整个岛的内部动荡期间，英国一直保留着对两个关键主权军事基地的控制权：一个是阿克罗蒂里，另一个是不远处的德凯利亚。这些基地长期以来一直是北约军事行动的战略枢纽，并且经常被美国军方用作英国的亲密盟友。
英国首相基尔·斯塔默在否认美国军方最初对伊朗发动进攻时使用英国基地后，承受着来自特朗普总统的巨大公众压力，后来批准了对三个英国基地的使用——塞浦路斯的阿克罗蒂里、印度洋的迭戈加西亚以及英国重要的费尔福德空军基地（美国在此部署了战略轰炸机）。
但斯塔默表示，允许的只是”特定和有限的防御目的”，并且英国基地不会被用于协助对伊朗发动打击。
塞浦路斯政府甚至更不愿意卷入这场战争。总统尼科斯·克里斯托杜利德斯重申了他对冲突降级的承诺，以维护地区稳定。
针对英国基地的袭击在岛上引发了抗议，一些公民警告称，英国的存在可能增加塞浦路斯的风险，并破坏推动冲突和平解决的努力。
加剧岛上紧张局势的另一个因素是塞浦路斯共和国、希腊和以色列之间不断增长的关系。去年12月，三国领导人在尼科西亚会面，敲定了2026年的三边合作计划。
他们签署的协议包括各自武装部队之间的军事协调和联合演习，以及在更广泛的地区安全挑战方面的合作。
当时，以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡模棱两可地警告说：”那些幻想能够重建帝国并对我们的土地行使统治权的人应该放弃这种想法。”
近年来，南部塞浦路斯已成为以色列人越来越受欢迎的度假胜地，许多人在岛上购买房产。根据英联邦犹太委员会的数据，度假屋、退休住宅和旅游设施已经建成，形成了一个估计约有1.1万人的社区。
How the Iran war has put the small island of Cyprus abruptly on Europe’s security radar
March 10, 2026 / 1:13 PM EDT / CBS News
French President Emmanuel Macron visited the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus on Monday to discuss regional security after a British military base there was targeted in an Iranian drone attack.
France quickly joined other European nations to stress that an attack on Cyprus was an attack on all of Europe. Paris joined several other European capitals to announce that additional warships would be deployed to the Mediterranean, along with anti-drone and anti-missile defenses, to help defend Cyprus.
Cyprus is a small island, roughly the size of Yellowstone Park in the U.S. and with a population of less than 1.5 million. But its location in the far eastern Mediterranean, only about 100 miles from the shores of Lebanon and Syria in the heart of the Middle East, makes it strategically invaluable soil — and explains why the British have maintained two sovereign military bases there, Akrotiri and Dhekelia, for decades.
A map shows the Mediterranean Sea region, with Cyprus visible in the far east of the sea, near the coasts of Lebanon and Syria. Getty
Cyprus has seen itself thrust to the forefront of international security concerns since the U.S. and Israel launched their strikes on Iran on Feb. 28. Most of Iran’s retaliatory ballistic missile and drone launches have targeted Israel and its Persian Gulf neighbors, but a few drones did take aim at the U.K.’s air base in Akrotiri, and one lightly damaged a runway.
The small island is not new to military tension, however.
Since 1974, the island has been split along the so-called “Green Line,” created by the United Nations after a clash between Greek Cypriots — some of whom sought union with Greece after the island gained independence from Britain — and the minority Turkish Cypriots.
The internationally recognized Republic of Cyprus (RoC) roughly forms the south portion of the island. It joined the European Union as a member state in 2004, while the Turkish-controlled north is recognized as an independent entity only by Ankara.
Both sides remain heavily militarized, with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan recently reinforcing northern Cyprus with additional military assets amid concerns over the regional security situation.
The Type 45 air-defense Destroyer HMS Dragon sets sail from Portsmouth Harbor in England, March 10, 2026, after being deployed to Cyprus to bolster regional air defenses in the Eastern Mediterranean. Leon Neal/Getty
Throughout the island’s internal tumult, the U.K. has retained control of two key sovereign military bases, the one in Akrotiri and another not far away in Dhekelia. The bases have long served as strategic hubs for NATO military operations, and used often by the U.S. military as a close British ally.
U.K. Prime Minister Keir Starmer, under intense public pressure from President Trump after denying the U.S. military use of British bases for the initial offensive against Iran, later granted access to three British bases — Akrotiri in Cyprus, Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean and the vital Fairford Air Station in England, where the U.S. has strategic bombers based.
A map shows the U.N. “Green Line” dividing the Republic of Cyprus, in the south of the island, from the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, and the sovereign British military territories of Akrotiri and Dhekelia in the south of the Mediterranean island. Getty
But Starmer said that permission was granted for a “specific and limited defensive purpose” only, and that U.K. bases were not being used to facilitate strikes on Iran.
Cyprus’ government has been even more reluctant to get involved in the war. President Nikos Christodoulides has reiterated his commitment to deescalation in the conflict, to safeguard regional stability.
The attacks targeting the U.K. base sparked protests on the island, with some citizens warning that the British presence could increase risks for Cyprus and undermine efforts to push for a peaceful resolution of the conflict.
Another factor fueling tension on the island is the growing relationship between the Republic of Cyprus, Greece and Israel. In December, the leaders of all three nations met in Nicosia to finalize a trilateral cooperation plan for 2026.
The agreement they signed includes military coordination and joint exercises between their respective armed forces, as well as cooperation on broader regional security challenges.
At the time, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu warned ambiguously that, “those who fantasize they can reestablish their empires and their dominion over our lands should forget it.”
Southern Cyprus has become an increasingly popular vacation destination for Israelis in recent years, with many buying properties on the island. Holiday homes, retirement residences and tourism facilities have been built, creating a community estimated at around 11,000 people, according to the Commonwealth Jewish Council.
发表回复