2026-03-07T09:00:35.450Z / CNN Politics
分析报道：[Zachary B. Wolf]
3小时前
发布于2026年3月7日，美国东部时间凌晨4:00
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1983年4月23日，马里兰州安德鲁斯空军基地，美国总统里根和南希·里根向美国驻黎巴嫩贝鲁特大使馆爆炸事件的遇难者致敬。
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1989年，老布什总统下令美军对巴拿马实施政权更迭后，在首批美军伤亡人员抵达美国本土的关键时刻召开了新闻发布会。
电视网通过分屏播放了这一事件。
布什在新闻发布会上以一个关于“脖子痛”的笑话开场，称要缩短发言时间。
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随后有人问他：“为了将（曼努埃尔）诺列加将军绳之以法，让人们送命真的值得吗？”
据《纽约时报》报道，他的回答“听起来很痛苦，而且经常停顿。他说：‘每个人的生命都是宝贵的。但我必须回答，是的，这是值得的。’”
这对总统来说或许是个诚实的回答，但对政客而言却缺乏同理心。特朗普也曾暗示，军人的生命可以被计算在内。
“我们预计会有伤亡，”特朗普在上周日的一次采访中警告美国人，“但最终这对世界来说将是一笔巨大的财富。”
到1991年第一次海湾战争期间，老布什下令军队投入战斗时，五角大楼已改变了相关规定，主要禁止媒体报道美军阵亡将士遗骸的迎送仪式。
相比之下，特朗普将于周六前往特拉华州多佛空军基地，出席在美以联军对伊朗的战争中丧生的六名军人遗骸的迎接仪式。
过去几十年里，总统们在处理迎回海外阵亡将士遗体这一庄严任务时，政策经历了多次反复，这一任务如今被称为“尊严移交”。
卡特和里根曾迎接阵亡将士遗体
根据致力于公开政府文件的透明组织[国家安全档案馆]的时间线，在吉米·卡特总统任内，当八名美国突击队员在伊朗解救人质的失败行动中丧生后，卡特亲自在当时的安德鲁斯空军基地迎接了他们的遗体。卡特还在阿灵顿国家公墓为他们举行了悼念仪式。
这次失败的营救行动损害了卡特的连任机会。人质在1981年里根就职的那一刻被伊朗政权释放。
在贝鲁特军营爆炸事件中，258名海军陆战队员丧生，时任总统里根在安德鲁斯空军基地迎接了他们的遗体。伊朗被怀疑通过支持恐怖组织真主党参与了此次事件。里根后来将伊朗列为支持恐怖主义国家，但这并没有阻止里根政府后来向伊朗运送武器以换取被真主党扣押在黎巴嫩的人质。伊朗门事件是里根政府的一大丑闻。
老布什政府禁止媒体报道
老布什政府在第一次海湾战争期间颁布了禁止媒体报道“尊严移交”仪式的禁令，这一禁令持续了数十年，尽管有一些例外情况。
在小布什政府进行的中东战争期间，这一禁令进一步扩大，媒体在很大程度上被禁止报道美军阵亡人员的迎接仪式，尽管有一些著名的例外情况。根据国家安全档案馆的时间线，在一场围绕棺材照片的《信息自由法》诉讼之后，小布什政府基本上停止了五角大楼摄影师拍摄相关照片。
小布什缺席迎送仪式；奥巴马扭转政策
小布什没有出席特拉华州多佛空军基地阵亡将士的迎送仪式，他认为这会分散遇难家属的注意力。
但对报道禁令的批评也不无道理——美国公众没有看到战争中一些最痛苦的国内后果。
奥巴马总统上任后不久，其五角大楼[改变了这一政策]，允许在阵亡军人家属允许的情况下，对“尊严移交”仪式进行照片拍摄和报道。
奥巴马总统在2009年10月29日于特拉华州多佛空军基地为印第安纳州特雷霍特的戴尔·R·格里芬中士举行“尊严移交”仪式时致敬。
索尔·勒布/法新社/盖蒂图片社
奥巴马后来[出席了尊严移交仪式]，开创了先例，特朗普和拜登总统随后效仿，奥巴马称之为“令人警醒的牺牲提醒”。
如今，“尊严移交”已成为激烈政治辩论的一部分
拜登在阿富汗撤军期间为在阿比盖尔大门丧生的军人举行“尊严移交”仪式时，在致敬过程中多次看表，这受到了阵亡军人家属的强烈批评。家属们还表示，拜登花了太多时间谈论自己死于癌症的儿子博，而不是他们的亲人。
特朗普抓住这一批评以及阿富汗撤军问题，将其作为2024年大选的主要议题，并在当年共和党全国代表大会上[邀请了金星家庭成员]。
特朗普与战争阵亡者的复杂历史
特朗普在竞选期间颇具争议地[发布了自己访问阿比盖尔大门军人墓地]的视频。尽管这次访问是应家属邀请，但可能违反了墓地关于政治目的使用圣地的规定。
预计特朗普将于周六出席在科威特被伊朗无人机杀死的六名军人的遗骸迎送仪式。他在任期间也曾出席过在叙利亚阵亡军人的遗骸迎送仪式。
但他也因对战争阵亡者的言论而受到批评。
他的前幕僚长、退役中将约翰·凯利（他自己的儿子在伊拉克阵亡）表示，特朗普曾多次诋毁战争阵亡者。其中包括在其第一任期访问法国时，特朗普不愿参观巴黎附近的埃纳-马恩美国公墓中美国士兵的墓地，因为“我为什么要去那个公墓？那里全是失败者”，[《大西洋月刊》报道]。
据该文章称，在同一次法国之行中，特朗普称在贝洛森林战役中丧生的1800名美国海军陆战队员是“傻瓜”才会牺牲。
凯利后来[向美国有线电视新闻网的杰克·塔珀证实了这一报道]。
如今，特朗普将肩负起监督其下令发动的战争中阵亡将士遗骸迎送的重任。
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Why presidents stumble in this most solemn task
2026-03-07T09:00:35.450Z / CNN Politics
Analysis by
[Zachary B. Wolf]
3 hr ago
PUBLISHED Mar 7, 2026, 4:00 AM ET
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President Ronald Reagan and Nancy Reagan honor the victims of the bombing of the US Embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, at Andrews Air Force Base in Maryland, on April 23, 1983.
Circa Images/GHI/Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images
After ordering US troops to execute a regime change in Panama in 1989, President George H.W. Bush held a press conference at the precise moment the first US casualties were arriving on US soil.
TV networks showed the events on a split screen.
Bush opened the press conference with a joke about keeping things brief because he had a “[pain in the neck].”
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He was later asked, “Was it really worth it to send people to their deaths to get (Gen. Manuel) Noriega?”
His answer, according to the [New York Times], “sounded pained, and he paused often. He said: ‘Every human life is precious. And yet I have to answer, yes, it has been worth it.’”
That’s got to be an honest answer for a president, but it’s not empathetic for a politician. Trump has also suggested there is a calculus to the lives of service members.
“We expect casualties,” Trump warned Americans in an interview last Sunday, “[but in the end it’s going to be a great deal for the world].”
By the time H.W. Bush was ordering troops into harm’s way during the first 1991 Gulf War in the Middle East, the Pentagon had changed the rules, largely barring the media from covering the arrival of American remains.
Trump, on the other hand, will travel to Dover, Delaware, on Saturday to attend the arrival of the remains of six service members killed so far during US and Israel’s war on Iran.
The past few decades have seen multiple reversals in how presidents treat the solemn task of bringing back the flag-draped transfer cases that hold remains of troops killed overseas on their watch, which today is referred to as a dignified transfer.
Carter and Reagan met the arrival of the dead at Andrews
When eight US commandos were killed in a failed attempt to rescue hostages in Iran during Jimmy Carter’s presidency, Carter stood watch when their remains arrived at what was then called Andrews Air Force Base, according to a timeline from the transparency group [National Security Archive], which works to make government documents public. Carter also [eulogized them] at Arlington National Cemetery.
That failed rescue attempt hurt Carter’s chances at reelection. The hostages were released by the Iranian regime in the moments after Reagan took office in 1981.
When 258 Marines were killed in their barracks by a bomb in Beirut, President Ronald Reagan at Andrews for the arrival of their remains. Iran was suspected of involvement through its support of the terror group Hezbollah. Reagan would later declare Iran to be a state sponsor of terrorism, but that didn’t stop Reagan’s administration from later sending arms to Iran in exchange for hostages held by Hezbollah in Lebanon. The Iran-Contra affair was a major scandal of Reagan’s presidency.
H.W. Bush banned media coverage
H.W. Bush’s administration would institute its ban on media coverage of dignified transfers during the first Gulf War, a ban would stay in place for decades, though there were some exceptions.
The ban was expanded during the Middle East wars undertaken by George W. Bush, when the press was largely barred, with some notable exceptions, from covering the arrival of American dead. After a Freedom of Information Act fight over photos of coffins, the second Bush administration largely stopped Pentagon photographers from taking pictures, according to the National Security Archive’s timeline.
W. Bush stayed away; Obama reversed course
W. Bush did not attend the arrival of dead troops in Dover, Delaware, on the logic that it would be a distraction for grieving families.
But the criticism of the coverage ban was also correct – that the US public did not see some of the most painful domestic consequences of the war.
President Barack Obama’s Pentagon [changed the policy] not long after he took office in 2009, allowing for photos and coverage of the dignified transfers as long as the family of the fallen service member permitted it.
President Barack Obama salutes during the dignified transfer of Sergeant Dale R. Griffin of Terre Haute, Indiana, at Dover Air Force Base in Dover, Delaware, on October 29, 2009.
Saul Loeb/AFP/Getty Images
Obama would later [attend dignified transfers], setting a precedent followed by Trump and President Joe Biden and offering what Obama called a “sobering reminder” of sacrifice.
Now dignified transfers are part of the ugly political debate
Biden came under intense scrutiny, and criticism from the family members of dead service members, for [repeatedly checking his watch] between salutes at the dignified transfer for service members killed at Abbey Gate as the US withdrew from Afghanistan. Family members also said he spent too much time talking about his own son Beau — a veteran who died of cancer, as opposed to their loved ones, who were killed in action.
Trump seized on that criticism, and the withdrawal from Afghanistan, as a major campaign issue in 2024 and [featured Gold Star family members] at the GOP convention that year.
Trump’s complicated history with war dead
Trump controversially [posted video of himself] visiting graves of Abbey Gate service members at Arlington National Cemetery during the campaign. While Trump was invited by a family member, the visit may also have violated cemetery rules about using the hallowed site for political purposes.
Trump is expected on Saturday to be present for the arrival of the six servicemembers killed by an Iranian drone in Kuwait. He was also present for the arrival of the remains of troops killed in Syria during his presidency.
But he has also faced criticism for his comments about war dead.
President-elect Donald Trump visits section 60 of Arlington National Cemetery, on January 19, 2025, ahead of his presidential inauguration.
Carlos Barria/Reuters
His former Chief of Staff John Kelly, a retired lieutenant general who lost his own son in Iraq, said Trump maligned war dead on multiple occasions. These included a trip to France during his first term when Trump did not want to visit the graves of American soldiers buried in the Aisne-Marne American Cemetery near Paris because, “Why should I go to that cemetery? It’s filled with losers,” [The Atlantic reported].
During that same trip to France, according to the article, Trump said the 1,800 US Marines killed in the Belleau Wood were “suckers” for getting killed.
Kelly later [confirmed the reporting] to CNN’s Jake Tapper.
Now Trump will have the burden of overseeing the return of remains from a war he ordered.
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