2026年3月5日 / 美国东部时间上午6:00 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
华盛顿—— 众议院定于周四就一项法案进行投票，该法案旨在阻止总统特朗普在未经国会支持的情况下对伊朗采取进一步军事行动。此前一天，参议院类似的努力以失败告终。
这场战争权力投票是在人们对美国可能卷入中东另一场长期战争的担忧中进行的，同时哥伦比亚广播公司新闻的一项民调显示，大多数美国人不赞成美国对伊朗采取军事行动。此外，三分之二的受访者表示，政府在采取进一步军事行动前应获得国会批准。然而，除非有任何最后一刻的意外，否则预计该决议将在众议院遭遇与参议院相同的命运。
肯塔基州共和党众议员托马斯·马西一直是少数批评特朗普政府对委内瑞拉和伊朗发动进攻的共和党人之一。他在去年6月美国轰炸伊朗三个核设施的几天前提出了这项战争权力决议。在去年停火达成后，他放弃了强行推动投票。
该决议指示总统“将美国武装部队从伊朗伊斯兰共和国未经授权的敌对行动中撤出”。
路易斯安那州共和党众议院议长迈克·约翰逊表示，这场投票“正中敌人下怀”。在周三的新闻发布会上，约翰逊辩称，伊朗行动“必要、合法且有效，现在逆转它将削弱美国”。
“国会有权行使其监督权力，我们会这么做，但我们也有责任和义务不削弱我们自己的国家安全，”他说。
马西推测，他的同事们不想就这个问题进行有记录的投票，因为美国在中东“干涉历史记录糟糕”。
“当结果不佳时，他们不想让自己的名字与这件事联系在一起，”马西在辩论中表示。“但国会不能被其宪法职责所困扰，因为在这个会议厅里，对许多人来说，简单地允许别人的子女被派往战场而不用自己投票更容易。需要明确的是，我们今天甚至不是来宣战的。”
宪法只赋予国会宣战权。但近年来，总统们一直在回避获得国会授权。国会中的共和党人到目前为止似乎不太愿意行使其权力限制总统发动打击的权力，尽管一些人表示，如果冲突持续超过几周，或者特朗普总统派遣美国地面部队进入伊朗，情况可能会改变。
这场投票可能会打乱党派界限。
至少有另一名共和党人表示，他将与特朗普分道扬镳，几名民主党人也表示可能会投票反对该决议。
俄亥俄州共和党众议员沃伦·戴维森周三在众议院表示支持该决议，称“政府不再受宪法约束所带来的道德风险是一个严重威胁”。
“不幸的是，共和党人现在想要声称他们无法回答：什么是战争？”戴维森说。
内布拉斯加州共和党众议员唐·培根支持最近的一项委内瑞拉战争权力决议，他表示计划在这次投票中支持特朗普。但培根指出，军事行动可能持续数周或更长时间，成员们“随着时间推移可能会‘重新审视我们的意见’”。
南卡罗来纳州共和党众议员南希·梅斯表示，如果战争持续时间长于预期或出现地面部队，她可能会在未来改变想法。
“如果这件事超过几周，我会有更多担忧，”她说。“如果地面部队介入，我认为那将是一个截然不同的情况。”
然而，民主党人表示，特朗普政府没有就攻击伊朗的理由或威胁的紧急性提供足够的解释。
纽约州民主党众议院少数党领袖哈基姆·杰弗里斯预测，“在整个意识形态范围内，民主党将对战争权力决议给予非常坚定的支持。”
但几名民主党人已表示可能会与他们的政党分道扬镳。新泽西州民主党众议员乔希·戈特海默上月在一份声明中表示，他反对该决议，因为它“会限制应对真实且不断演变的威胁和风险所需的灵活性，在危险时刻发出软弱信号。”
戈特海默和其他几名民主党人正在支持另一项决议，该决议要求总统在2月28日袭击事件发生后30天内，在未经国会批准的情况下将美国武装部队从与伊朗的敌对行动中撤出。
议员们旨在根据1973年《战争权力决议》阻止未经授权的进一步军事行动。该决议由国会针对越南战争通过，旨在制约总统在未经立法部门同意的情况下发动武装冲突的权力。它要求总统在部署任何军事力量之前“在所有可能的情况下”与国会协商。它还要求总统在立法者未授权宣战的情况下，在部署部队后48小时内向国会报告，同时将未经授权的参与限制在60天内。
杰弗里斯强调了议员们的权威。他周三表示，“国会宣战权没有任何模糊之处。”
“总统的战争——它不明智、不受欢迎、未经授权、非法且违宪。在美国，我们服务于法治，而非人治，”杰弗里斯在辩论中说。“我们的宪法要求总统在发动战争前获得国会批准。这一点尚未实现。”
约翰逊辩称，美国“并未处于战争状态”，且这次进攻是“范围有限的军事行动”。他还警告该决议可能造成“严重损害”，称其将“危及我们的士兵和所有为保卫我们而做出巨大牺牲的人”。
“我相信我们有票数否决它，我当然希望如此，”约翰逊说。
伊布拉欣·阿克索伊和贾拉·布朗对本报道有贡献。
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/senate-fails-advance-war-powers-resolution-block-trump-using-more-military-force-iran/
House to vote on curbing Trump’s Iran war powers
March 5, 2026 / 6:00 AM EST / CBS News
Washington — The House is set to vote Thursday on a measure to block President Trump from taking further military action against Iran without congressional support, a day after a similar effort fell short in the Senate.
The war powers vote comes amid concerns that the U.S. could be engaged in another lengthy war in the Middle East, and as a CBS News poll shows the majority of Americans disapprove of U.S. military action against Iran. And further, two-thirds say the administration should obtain approval from Congress for further military action. Barring any last-minute surprises, however, the resolution is expected to meet the same fate in the House as it did in the Senate.
GOP Rep. Thomas Massie of Kentucky, who has been one of the few Republican critics of the Trump administration’s offensives against Venezuela and Iran, introduced the war powers resolution days before the U.S. bombed three of Iran’s nuclear facilities last June. He backed away from forcing a vote last year after a ceasefire was reached.
The resolution directs the president “to remove United States Armed Forces from unauthorized hostilities in the Islamic Republic of Iran.”
House Speaker Mike Johnson, a Louisiana Republican, said the vote “plays right into the hands of the enemy.” At a news conference Wednesday, Johnson argued the Iran operation has been “necessary, lawful and effective, and reversing it now would weaken America.”
“Congress has a constitutional right to exercise its oversight authority, and we will, but we also have a duty and obligation not to undercut our own national security,” he said.
Massie speculated that his colleagues don’t want a recorded vote on the issue because the U.S. has “a terrible track record of meddling in the Middle East.”
“They don’t want their name associated with this when it doesn’t turn out well,” Massie said during floor debate. “But Congress cannot be bothered with its constitutional duty because for many in this chamber, it’s easier to simply allow someone else’s sons and daughters to be sent to combat without their vote. And to be clear, we aren’t even here to declare war today.”
The Constitution grants only Congress the power to declare war. But presidents have undergone campaigns to avoid getting Congress’ authorization in recent years. And Republicans in Congress have so far shown little appetite in flexing their power to limit the president’s authority to conduct the strikes, though some have indicated that could change if the conflict lasts for more than a few weeks, or if Mr. Trump sends U.S. ground troops into Iran.
The vote is likely to scramble partisan lines.
At least one other Republican said he would break with Mr. Trump and several Democrats have indicated they could vote against the resolution.
Republican Rep. Warren Davidson of Ohio announced his support for the resolution Wednesday on the House floor, saying “the moral hazard posed by a government no longer constrained by our Constitution is a grave threat.”
“Unfortunately, Republicans now want to claim they can’t answer: What is a war?” Davidson said.
GOP Rep. Don Bacon of Nebraska, who supported a recent Venezuela war powers resolution, said he plans to stick with Mr. Trump on this vote. But Bacon noted the military operation could last for weeks or longer and members could “always revise our opinions” as time goes on.
Rep. Nancy Mace, a South Carolina Republican, said she’s open to changing her mind down the road if the war lasts longer than estimated or there’s ground troops.
“If this thing goes beyond a few weeks, I’m going to have a lot more concerns,” she said. “If ground troops get involved, I think that’s a very different conversation.”
Democrats, however, say the Trump administration has not provided sufficient answers on the rationale for attacking Iran or the imminence of the threat.
House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries, a New York Democrat, predicted that “there is going to be very strong Democratic support for the war powers resolution across the ideological spectrum.”
But several Democrats have signaled they could break with their party. In a statement last month, Democratic Rep. Josh Gottheimer of New Jersey said he opposed the resolution because it “would restrict the flexibility needed to respond to real and evolving threats and risks, signaling weakness at a dangerous moment.”
Gottheimer and a handful of other Democrats are backing a separate resolution that directs the president to remove U.S. armed forces from hostilities with Iran within 30 days of the Feb. 28 attack without congressional approval.
The lawmakers are aiming to block further military action without authorization under the 1973 War Powers Resolution, which Congress passed in response to the Vietnam War as a check on the president’s power to enter armed conflict without consent from the legislative branch. It requires the president to consult with Congress in “every possible instance” ahead of the introduction of any military forces. And it also requires the president to report to Congress within 48 hours of deploying forces if lawmakers haven’t authorized a declaration of war, while capping any unauthorized engagement at 60 days.
Jeffries has emphasized lawmakers’ authority. He said Wednesday “there is nothing ambiguous” about Congress’ constitutional authority to declare war.
“The president’s war — it’s unwise, it’s unpopular, unauthorized, unlawful and unconstitutional. And in the United States, we serve the rule of law, not the rule of man,” Jeffries said during floor debate. “Our Constitution requires the president get approval from the Congress before launching a war. That has not happened.”
Johnson argued that the U.S. is “not at war,” and that the offensive is a military operation that is “limited in its scope.” He also warned of the “serious harm” the resolution could impose, saying it would “jeopardize the lives of our troops and all those who are involved in making these great sacrifices to defend us.”
“I believe we have the votes to put this down, and I certainly pray that’s true,” Johnson said.
Ibrahim Aksoy and Jaala Brown contributed to this report.
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/senate-fails-advance-war-powers-resolution-block-trump-using-more-military-force-iran/
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