2026年3月3日 上午11:08 UTC / 路透社
2018年1月10日，土耳其伊斯坦布尔市中心一家哈克银行（Halkbank）分行前，一名街头小贩在售卖烤栗子。路透社/穆拉德·塞泽/资料照片
纽约，3月3日（路透社） – 美国政府针对土耳其国有银行哈克银行（HALKB.IS）涉嫌欺诈、洗钱及协助伊朗规避美国经济制裁的长期刑事案件，定于周二举行法庭会议。
政府与哈克银行的律师预计将在美国曼哈顿联邦法院出席美国地区法官理查德·伯曼（Richard Berman）主持的听证会，并可能披露案件下一步进展。
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此次案件状态听证会距离美国最高法院拒绝审理联邦上诉法院允许起诉继续的裁决已有五个月。
哈克银行案长期以来一直是美土关系中的棘手问题，土耳其总统埃尔多安称其为”非法、丑陋的行为”。
美国检察官最初于2019年，即唐纳德·特朗普总统首个白宫任期内起诉哈克银行。此案与当前中东紧张局势无关。
哈克银行被指控通过伊朗、土耳其和阿联酋的资金服务机构及空壳公司实施制裁规避计划。
检察官称，该银行秘密转移200亿美元受限资金，将石油收入兑换为黄金和现金以惠及伊朗利益，并伪造食品运输单据以合理化石油收益转移。
哈克银行对银行欺诈、洗钱和共谋指控均不认罪。
2023年，美国最高法院虽同意国会保护外国国家及其机构免受民事责任的意图不适用于刑事案件，但仍暂时中止起诉，要求美国第二巡回上诉法院更全面审查数百年普通法豁免权是否适用于哈克银行。
2024年10月，上诉法院认定不存在此类豁免权，促使哈克银行向最高法院提起第二次上诉。特朗普政府则辩称，普通法并不保护外国国有公司免受刑事起诉。
纽约报道：乔纳森·斯坦普尔（Jonathan Stempel）；编辑：埃德温娜·吉布斯（Edwina Gibbs）
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Court conference in US case against Turkey’s Halkbank scheduled on Tuesday
March 3, 2026 11:08 AM UTC / Reuters
A street vendor sells roasted chestnuts in front of a branch of Halkbank in central Istanbul, Turkey, January 10, 2018. REUTERS/Murad Sezer/File Photo
NEW YORK, March 3 (Reuters) – A court conference is scheduled for Tuesday in the U.S. government’s long-running criminal case accusing the Turkish state-owned lender Halkbank (HALKB.IS) of fraud, money laundering and conspiracy to help Iran evade American economic sanctions.
Lawyers for the government and Halkbank are expected to appear before U.S. District Judge Richard Berman in Manhattan federal court, and could shed light on the next steps in the case.
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The status conference comes five months after the U.S. Supreme Court refused to consider a federal appeals court decision that let the prosecution proceed.
Halkbank’s case has long been a thorn in U.S.-Turkey relations, with Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan calling it an “unlawful, ugly” step.
U.S. prosecutors originally charged Halkbank in 2019, during President Donald Trump’s first White House term. The case is unrelated to current tensions in the Middle East.
Halkbank was accused of using money servicers and front companies in Iran, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates in its sanctions-evasion scheme.
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Prosecutors said the bank secretly transferred $20 billion of restricted funds, converted oil revenue into gold and cash to benefit Iranian interests and documented fake food shipments to justify transfers of oil proceeds.
Halkbank pleaded not guilty to bank fraud, money laundering and conspiracy charges.
In 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court temporarily voided the prosecution, despite agreeing that Congress’ desire to shield foreign countries and their instrumentalities from civil liability did not cover criminal cases.
Instead, it ordered the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals to more thoroughly review whether immunity under centuries-old common law shielded Halkbank.
The appeals court found no such shield in October 2024, prompting Halkbank’s second Supreme Court appeal. The Trump administration argued that the common law does not shield foreign state-owned companies from criminal prosecution.
Reporting by Jonathan Stempel in New York; Editing by Edwina Gibbs
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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