2026年2月20日 23:31 UTC / 路透社
作者:大卫·劳德(David Lawder)、安德鲁·钟(Andrew Chung)和乔纳森·艾伦(Jonathan Allen)
2月20日(路透社)- 美国总统唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)对周五最高法院的裁决表示愤怒,该裁决认定他无权单方面设定进口关税。特朗普抨击了个别大法官,并誓言继续打全球贸易战,这场贸易战已让世界处于紧张状态长达一年。
特朗普多次称该裁决荒谬可笑,但表示自己并未因此退缩。他宣布立即对所有国家的进口商品征收新的10%关税,此外还将叠加现有关税。法律允许他征收该关税150天,尽管这可能面临法律挑战。
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最高法院具有里程碑意义的6:3裁决,颠覆了特朗普及其贸易特使在谈判桌上对外国政府施加的影响力,这种影响力曾被用于重塑外交关系和全球市场。
该裁决一度推动美国股指飙升,但随后小幅收高,分析师警告称,在等待特朗普下一步行动的同时,全球市场将再次陷入混乱。
贸易协议与收入存疑
这一裁决对特朗普的贸易特使近几个月在高关税威胁下谈判达成的贸易协议提出了质疑。法院称,特朗普以错误解读法律的方式从美国进口商那里收取了1750亿美元,而该裁决使这笔收入的命运变得不确定。
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“我为法院的某些成员感到羞耻,绝对感到羞耻,他们没有勇气为我们的国家做正确的事,”特朗普在白宫对记者表示,他抱怨称外国对该裁决欣喜若狂,“在街上欢呼雀跃。”
他毫无证据地暗示,法院多数派屈服于外国影响:“他们非常不爱国,对我们的宪法不忠。我认为法院受到了外国利益和一场规模远小于人们想象的政治运动的影响。”
自13个月前重返白宫以来,特朗普一直声称自己拥有法院总结的“单方面无限额、无期限、无范围设定关税的非凡权力”。他援引国家紧急状态,称《国际紧急经济权力法》(IEEPA)意味着他可以设定任何税率。
首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨(John Roberts)撰写的法院意见书引用了美国宪法的内容:“国会有权征收税金、关税、进口税和消费税。”
特朗普政府辩称,其找到了类似战争的紧急状态作为漏洞,但未能说服法院。
2026年2月20日,在美国华盛顿特区,最高法院裁定特朗普在设定关税时越权,特朗普在白宫举行的新闻发布会上发表讲话,身旁是商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克(Howard Lutnick)和副检察长D.约翰·索尔(D. John Sauer)。路透社/凯文·拉马尔克(Kevin Lamarque)[购买许可权,新标签打开]
“政府因此必须承认,总统在和平时期没有固有的征收关税的权力,”罗伯茨写道。
“政府没有为受到质疑的关税辩护,称其是总统行使战争权力的行为。毕竟,美国并没有与世界上每个国家都处于战争状态。”
尽管法院明确裁定总统越权,但特朗普告诉记者:“这很荒谬,但没关系,因为我们还有其他方法,很多其他方法。”
经济不确定性加剧
在特朗普过去一年中经常临时宣布的关税政策导致市场和全球经济剧烈波动之后,这一裁决以及特朗普的回应重新引入了大量不确定性,而经济学家、投资者和政策制定者曾希望这种不确定性已成为过去。
“我认为这只会带来世界贸易的新的高度不确定性时期,因为每个人都在试图弄清楚美国未来的关税政策会是什么样的,”欧洲政策中心(European Policy Centre)智库分析师瓦格·福克曼(Varg Folkman)表示。
美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特(Scott Bessent)表示,法院裁决可能会产生复杂的结果。
“最高法院剥夺了总统的影响力,但在某种程度上,他们让总统拥有的影响力变得更加严厉,因为他们同意他确实有权实施全面禁运,”贝森特在福克斯新闻的《威尔·凯恩秀》(The Will Cain Show)中表示。
“我们将回到与各国相同的关税水平。只是方式会不那么直接,稍微复杂一点,”他说。
在宣布新的临时10%关税时,特朗普成为首位援引《1974年贸易法》第122条的总统,该条款允许总统对“基本国际收支问题”征收最高15%的关税,期限最长150天。这也可能面临法律挑战。此类关税只能在国会授权下延长。
显示IEEPA在关税收入中的占比
报道:安德鲁·钟、约翰·克鲁泽尔(John Kruzel)、安德里亚·沙拉尔(Andrea Shalal)、大卫·劳德、格雷姆·斯莱特里(Gram Slattery)和乔纳森·艾伦;撰写:乔纳森·艾伦和丹·特罗塔(Dan Trotta);编辑:诺埃尔·沃尔德(Noeleen Walder)、威尔·邓纳姆(Will Dunham)、罗德·尼科尔(Rod Nickel)
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Trump furious after Supreme Court upends his global tariffs, vows new 10% levy
February 20, 2026 11:31 PM UTC / Reuters
By David Lawder, Andrew Chung and Jonathan Allen
Feb 20 (Reuters) – U.S. President Donald Trump responded with fury to Friday’s Supreme Court ruling that he did not have the power to unilaterally set tariffs on imports, denigrating individual justices as he vowed to continue a global trade war that has kept the world on edge for a year.
Saying he was undeterred by what he repeatedly called a ridiculous ruling, Trump announced an immediate new 10% tariff on imports from all countries, on top of any existing tariffs. The law allows him to impose that levy for 150 days, although it could face legal challenges.
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The court’s landmark 6-3 ruling upended the leverage Trump and his trade envoys have wielded over foreign governments at negotiating tables to reshape diplomatic relations and global markets.
The ruling briefly sent U.S. stock indexes surging, before ending modestly higher as analysts warned of renewed confusion in global markets while they await Trump’s next moves.
TRADE DEALS, REVENUE IN QUESTION
The decision called into question the trade deals Trump’s envoys have negotiated in recent months under the threat of high tariffs. It left open the fate of the $175 billion Trump has collected from U.S. importers under what the court said was his incorrect reading of the law.
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“I’m ashamed of certain members of the court, absolutely ashamed, for not having the courage to do what’s right for our country,” Trump told reporters at the White House, complaining that foreign countries were ecstatic at the ruling and “dancing in the street.”
He insinuated, without evidence, that the majority of the court caved to foreign influence: “They’re very unpatriotic and disloyal to our Constitution. It’s my opinion that the court has been swayed by foreign interests and a political movement that is far smaller than people would ever think.”
Since returning to the White House 13 months ago, Trump has said he had what the court summarized as the “extraordinary power to unilaterally impose tariffs of unlimited amount, duration, and scope.” Citing a national emergency, he said the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) meant he could set tariffs at any rate he chose.
The court grounded its opinion, which was written by Chief Justice John Roberts, with a quote from the U.S. Constitution: “The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises.”
The argument by the Trump administration that it had found a war-like emergency to create a loophole failed to persuade the court.
U.S. President Donald Trump, flanked by Secretary of Commerce Howard Lutnick and Solicitor General D. John Sauer, speaks during a press briefing at the White House, following the Supreme Court’s ruling that Trump had exceeded his authority when he imposed tariffs, in Washington, D.C., U.S., February 20, 2026. REUTERS/Kevin Lamarque [Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab]
“The Government thus concedes, as it must, that the President enjoys no inherent authority to impose tariffs during peacetime,” Roberts wrote.
“And it does not defend the challenged tariffs as an exercise of the President’s warmaking powers. The United States, after all, is not at war with every nation in the world.”
Despite the court’s bluntness in ruling the president had exceeded his authority, Trump told reporters: “It’s ridiculous, but it’s OK, because we have other ways, numerous other ways.”
ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY RISES
After a year of Trump’s often ad hoc tariff announcements whipsawing markets and the global economy, the ruling and Trump’s response reintroduced a hefty dose of uncertainty that economists, investors and policymakers hoped was in the rearview mirror.
“I think it will just bring in a new period of high uncertainty in world trade, as everybody tries to figure out what the U.S. tariff policy will be going forward,” said Varg Folkman, analyst at the European Policy Centre think tank.
U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said the court ruling could have mixed results.
“The Supreme Court has taken away the President’s leverage, but in a way, they have made the leverage that he has more draconian because they agreed he does have the right to a full embargo,” Bessent told “The Will Cain Show” on Fox News.
“We will get back to the same tariff level for the countries. It will just be in a less direct and slightly more convoluted manner,” he said.
In announcing his new temporary 10% tariff, Trump became the first president to invoke Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974, which allows the president to levy tariffs of up to 15% for up to 150 days to fix “fundamental international payments problems.” That, too, could draw legal challenges. Such tariffs can only be extended with Congress’ authorization.
Shows IEEPA share of tariff revenues
Reporting by Andrew Chung, John Kruzel, Andrea Shalal, David Lawder, Gram Slattery and Jonathan Allen; Writing by Jonathan Allen and Dan Trotta; Editing by Noeleen Walder, Will Dunham, Rod Nickel
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