2026年2月20日 23:42 UTC / 路透社
作者：内特·雷蒙德
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美国纽约，2024年12月9日，最早完整的《十诫》石碑正在展出，预计在拍卖会上以100万至200万美元的价格成交。路透社/克里斯汀·基尔南 购买授权，新标签页打开
- 摘要
- 第五巡回上诉法院推翻原判，允许该法律生效
- 原告称该法律违反《第一修正案》宗教权利
- 持异议法官批评该裁决回避美国最高法院的先例
2月20日（路透社）——周五，联邦上诉法院为路易斯安那州一项要求全州公立学校和大学所有教室展示《十诫》的法律生效扫清了道路。
美国新奥尔良第五巡回上诉法院以11票对7票的投票结果推翻了一名法官关于该州法律违宪的裁决，称该法律需要根据地方学区最终的执行方式进行评估。
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这一裁决对起诉该共和党领导州颁布该法律的家长们来说是一次挫折，他们认为该法律践踏了美国宪法《第一修正案》所赋予的宗教权利。他们的律师暂无立即置评。
路易斯安那州州长杰夫·兰德里（共和党人）于2024年签署了这项被称为H.B. 71的法律，要求从幼儿园到12年级的学校以及州资助的学院展示《十诫》的海报或装裱版本。
在基督教和犹太教中，上帝向希伯来先知摩西揭示了《十诫》。
该法律使路易斯安那州成为自美国最高法院1980年推翻肯塔基州类似法律以来，第一个要求展示《十诫》的州。阿肯色州和德克萨斯州在2025年也通过了类似的法律，引发了诉讼和阻止这些法律实施的裁决。
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2024年11月，一名初审法院法官阻止了该法律的实施，第五巡回上诉法院一个由三名法官组成的小组在10月维持了这一裁决。但随后，整个上诉法院投票决定审理此案，从而导致了周五的判决。
在一份未署名的意见中，第五巡回上诉法院多数派表示，由于该法律赋予学区自行决定实施方式的权力，因此不能在所有情况下都被视为违宪，并且实施的具体情况将至关重要。
“例如，我们不知道这些展示会有多醒目，是否会伴随其他材料，或者教师在教学中是否会提及这些内容，”多数派表示，“更根本的是，我们甚至不知道这些展示本身的全部内容。”
法院多数派成员均为共和党总统任命，他们称自己的裁决范围有限，称一旦法律实施，未来可以基于其具体应用方式对其提出质疑。
美国巡回法官詹姆斯·丹尼斯在一份由五名同为民主党总统任命的法官联署的异议意见中，称多数派的裁决是“刻意规避最高法院先例的策略”。
丹尼斯写道：“通过将这些文字以非课程或非教学的方式永久展示在公立学校教室中，该州将本用于敬奉的文字提升为敬拜的对象，在强制上学的环境中让儿童接触到政府支持的宗教。”
此案案号为Roake等人诉Brumley等人，案号为5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals，24-30706。
原告律师：辛普森·瑟加特律师事务所的乔纳森·扬伍德
州方律师：路易斯安那州司法部的J.本杰明·阿吉纳加
阅读更多：
- 路易斯安那州《十诫》法律被美国上诉法院推翻
- 美国法官阻止路易斯安那州在教室展示《十诫》
- 路易斯安那州要求所有教室展示《十诫》
内特·雷蒙德报道于波士顿，亚历克西亚·加拉姆法尔维编辑
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Court allows Louisiana law requiring Ten Commandments in schools to take effect
February 20, 2026 11:42 PM UTC / Reuters
By Nate Raymond
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Earliest complete stone tablet of the Ten Commandments is on display and is expected to fetch $1-2 million at auction, in New York, U.S., December 9, 2024. REUTERS/Christine Kiernan Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
- Summary
- 5th Circuit Court overturns ruling, allows law to take effect
- Plaintiffs argue law violates First Amendment religious rights
- Dissenting judges criticize ruling as evading US Supreme Court precedents
Feb 20 (Reuters) – A federal appeals court on Friday cleared the way for a Louisiana law requiring the display of the Ten Commandments in all classrooms of the state’s public schools and universities to take effect.
The 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in New Orleans on a 11-7 vote overturned, opens new tab a judge’s ruling declaring the state’s law was unconstitutional, saying the law needed to be assessed based on how local school boards ultimately would implement it.
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The ruling marked a setback for parents who had sued over the Republican-led state’s enactment of the law, which they argued trampled on their religious rights under the U.S. Constitution’s First Amendment. Their lawyers had no immediate comment.
Louisiana Governor Jeff Landry, a Republican, in 2024 signed into law the measure known as H.B. 71, which required the display of posters or framed versions of the Ten Commandments in K-12 schools and state-funded colleges.
In the Christian and Jewish faiths, God revealed the Ten Commandments to the Hebrew prophet Moses.
The law made Louisiana the first state to require displays of the Ten Commandments since the U.S. Supreme Court struck down a similar Kentucky law in 1980. Arkansas and Texas passed their own laws in 2025 requiring similar displays, prompting litigation and rulings blocking those laws.
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A trial court judge blocked the law in November 2024, and a three-judge 5th Circuit panel upheld that ruling in October. But the full appeals court subsequently voted to hear the case, leading to Friday’s decision.
In an unsigned opinion, the 5th Circuit’s majority said because the law gave school boards discretion on how to implement the law, it could not be deemed unconstitutional in all applications and that context would matter.
“We do not know, for example, how prominently the displays will appear, what other materials might accompany them, or how—if at all—teachers will reference them during instruction,” the majority said. “More fundamentally, we do not even know the full content of the displays themselves.”
The court’s majority, all appointees of Republican presidents, called their ruling narrow, saying nothing prevented future challenges to the law based on how it is applied once it had been implemented.
U.S. Circuit Judge James Dennis, in a dissenting opinion joined by five fellow appointees of Democratic presidents, called the majority’s ruling a “calculated stratagem” to evade Supreme Court precedents.
“By placing that text on permanent display in public school classrooms, not in a way that is curricular or pedagogical, the State elevates words meant for devotion into objects of reverence, exposing children to government‑endorsed religion in a setting of compulsory attendance,” Dennis wrote.
The case is Roake et al v Brumley et al, 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, No. 24-30706.
For the plaintiffs: Jonathan Youngwood of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett
For the state: J. Benjamin Aguinaga of the Louisiana Department of Justice
Read more:
Louisiana’s Ten Commandments law struck down by US appeals court
US judge blocks Louisiana from requiring Ten Commandments in classrooms
Louisiana requires display of Ten Commandments in all classrooms
Reporting by Nate Raymond in Boston, Editing by Alexia Garamfalvi
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