2026年7月14日10:02:52.261 / 路透社
华盛顿/基辅，7月14日路透电 — 对于乌克兰及其支持者而言，美国参议员林赛·格雷厄姆的突然离世留下了一个关键问题：在这位唐纳德·特朗普总统的亲密盟友不再公开声援弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基总统的政府后，他近期推动的对基辅有利的政策倾向能否持续？
这个答案将尤其影响两大核心议题——格雷厄姆推动了一年多的对俄制裁法案，以及对乌克兰的军事援助。
在这两方面，近期局势都朝着有利于乌克兰的方向发展，而基辅正面临俄罗斯愈发猛烈的袭击，同时承受着结束这场持续近4年半的冲突的压力。
格雷厄姆与其他支持该制裁法案的参议员于周五宣布，他们已与白宫达成协议，将推进《制裁俄罗斯法案》。尽管该法案已获得100名参议员中的85人联合提案，但由于特朗普的反对，此前一直陷入停滞。
特朗普本人上周表示，他将批准基辅生产爱国者防御导弹系统拦截弹的许可，不过泽连斯基政府表示，他们当下急需更多防御性弹药。
现年71岁的格雷厄姆于周六晚间去世，就在他2022年2月俄罗斯全面入侵乌克兰以来的第十次访乌次日。此次访乌期间，他宣布与白宫达成协议，将最终推进对俄制裁法案。
联结基辅与特朗普的纽带
这位南卡罗来纳州参议员多年来一直为乌克兰争取军事援助，并充当了基辅与特朗普政府之间的联络人，常与民主党议员携手合作。
去年，他促成了美乌两国间的一项关键矿产协议，说服特朗普支持一项计划，根据该计划，美国将优先获取乌克兰新矿产项目的资源，以换取投资。
“他成功带领特朗普总统调整了对乌克兰的立场，”前商务部官员马修·默里说道，他如今在乔治敦大学和哥伦比亚大学任教。
“这位参议员在这方面的出色工作将能够自我延续、自行推进，”默里表示。
泽连斯基在声明中称，他对格雷厄姆的离世“深感悲痛”。“我们一直保持密切沟通，我会怀念我们的对话。就在过去一周里，我们就见了两次面，”他说道。
分析人士指出，格雷厄姆在乌克兰问题上的整体表现喜忧参半，这一复杂性源于特朗普与泽连斯基之间时而紧张的关系、特朗普的“美国优先”外交政策，以及消耗美国资源的伊朗冲突——这场冲突加剧了通过允许俄罗斯石油运输来平抑能源价格的压力。
“这对乌克兰来说是重大损失。任何人都不应抱有任何幻想，”布鲁金斯学会的斯科特·安德森说道。他指出，格雷厄姆作为共和党更偏向国际主义的阵营成员，对特朗普发挥了重要的幕后影响力。
但即便格雷厄姆也未能说服特朗普就制裁法案进行投票，而美国国会参众两院最近一次通过的大规模乌克兰援助法案是2024年4月的610亿美元。自特朗普2025年1月开启第二任期以来，许多共和党议员对基辅的态度已愈发冷淡。
“能直接影响总统的人”
如果没有像格雷厄姆这样曾是特朗普批评者、后来成为其亲密盟友兼高尔夫常客的人来向总统施压，那么通过制裁法案或进一步的安全援助可能会变得更加困难。
此外，包括前参议院共和党领袖米奇·麦康奈尔在内的其他几位亲乌克兰议员也将于明年1月离开国会。
“乌克兰失去了一位能直接影响总统的倡导者，”大西洋理事会地缘经济中心副主任查尔斯·利奇菲尔德说道。
特朗普曾多次向泽连斯基政府施压，要求其达成可能意味着痛苦让步的和平协议，并严厉批评这位乌克兰领导人。去年年初，他在椭圆形办公室斥责这位乌克兰领导人，称其对美国的军事支持不够感激。
但特朗普近期的语气已变得更为缓和。
泽连斯基在本月北约峰会后表示，乌克兰与美国已就爱国者拦截弹生产许可达成政治协议，双方还在讨论联合生产无人机的事宜。
预计特朗普将批准对俄制裁法案的投票，该法案旨在制裁购买俄罗斯石油、天然气和铀的国家。
参众两院的其他法案支持者表示，他们将推动该法案通过，以此向格雷厄姆致敬，部分人还提议将法案以格雷厄姆的名字重新命名。
“没有比这更适合林赛的致敬方式了，”新罕布什尔州民主党参议员珍妮·沙欣说道，她是外交关系委员会的资深民主党议员，也是该法案的联合提案人之一。
参议院尚未宣布投票时间表，但参议院共和党多数党领袖、南卡罗来纳州的约翰·图恩在接受CNN采访时表示，通过该法案将是格雷厄姆“令人惊叹的政治遗产”。
帕特里夏·曾格勒报道；辛西娅·奥斯特曼编辑
Can US Senator Lindsey Graham’s Ukraine initiatives survive without him?
2026-07-14T10:02:52.261Z / Reuters
WASHINGTON/KYIV, July 14 (Reuters) – For Ukraine and its supporters, the sudden death of U.S. Senator Lindsey Graham raises an important question: Without a close ally of President Donald Trump advocating loudly for President Volodymyr Zelenskiy’s government, will his administration’s recent tilt in favor of Kyiv last?
The answer will especially affect two major issues – legislation to sanction Russia, which Graham pushed for more than a year, and military assistance for Ukraine.
On both, the momentum has lately been in Ukraine’s favor as Kyiv faces intensified attacks by Russia and pressure to end the nearly 4-1/2-year-long conflict.
Graham and other senators who back the sanctions bill announced on Friday that they had an agreement with the White House to move ahead on the “Sanctioning Russia Act,” which has been stalled due to resistance from Trump despite being co-sponsored by 85 of 100 senators.
Trump himself said last week that he would grant Kyiv a license to make interceptors for the Patriot defensive missile system, although Zelenskiy’s government says it needs more defensive munitions immediately.
Graham, 71, died late on Saturday, a day after his 10th trip to Ukraine since Russia’s full-scale invasion in February 2022, during which he announced the agreement with the White House to finally move forward on the Russia sanctions bill.
LINKING KYIV AND TRUMP
The South Carolina senator had lobbied for years for military assistance for Ukraine and served as a link between Kyiv and the Trump administration, often alongside Democrats.
Last year, he helped arrange a critical minerals agreement between the United States and Kyiv, convincing Trump to back a plan giving the United States preferential access to new Ukrainian minerals projects in exchange for investment.
“He was successful in leading President Trump to pivot in his position toward Ukraine,” said Matthew Murray, a former Commerce Department official now teaching at Georgetown and Columbia universities.
“The senator’s good work here will be self-sustaining and self-executing,” Murray said.
Zelenskiy said he was “deeply saddened” by Graham’s passing. “We remained in constant dialogue, and I will miss our conversations. We met twice in just the past week,” he said in a statement.
Analysts said Graham’s overall record had been mixed on Ukraine, complicated by Trump’s at-times strained relations with Zelenskiy, his “America First” foreign policy and the costly war with Iran that consumes U.S. resources and increases pressure to allow Russian oil shipments as a way of moderating energy prices.
“It’s a big loss for Ukraine. I don’t think anyone should have any illusions about it,” said Scott Anderson of the Brookings Institution, noting that Graham acted as an important behind-the-scenes influence on Trump from the more internationalist wing of the Republican Party.
But even Graham was unable to convince Trump to allow a vote on the sanctions bill, and the last major Ukraine aid legislation passed by both the House and Senate was $61 billion in April 2024. Many Republicans have grown cooler to Kyiv since Trump began his second term in January 2025.
‘THE PRESIDENT’S EAR’
It could be more difficult to pass the sanctions bill or further security assistance without someone like Graham, a former Trump critic who became a close ally and frequent golf partner, leaning on the president.
Additionally, several other pro-Ukraine lawmakers, including former Republican Senate leader Mitch McConnell, are also leaving Congress in January.
“Ukraine has lost an advocate that had the president’s ear,” said Charles Lichfield, deputy director of the Atlantic Council’s GeoEconomics Center.
Trump has at times put sustained pressure on Zelenskiy’s government to agree to a peace deal that could mean painful concessions and harshly criticized the Ukrainian leader. Early last year, he berated the Ukrainian leader in the Oval Office, saying he was insufficiently grateful for U.S. military support.
But Trump’s tone lately has grown more conciliatory.
Zelenskiy said after a NATO summit this month that Ukraine and the U.S. had reached a political agreement on licenses for production of Patriot interceptors and that the two sides were talking about joint drone production.
And Trump is expected to allow a vote on the sanctions bill, which targets countries that buy Russian oil, gas and uranium.
The bill’s other supporters in both the Senate and House of Representatives said they would push for its passage as a tribute to Graham, with some suggesting it should be renamed after Graham.
“There can be no more fitting tribute to Lindsey,” Democratic Senator Jeanne Shaheen of New Hampshire, the top Democrat on the Foreign Relations Committee and a bill co-sponsor, said in a statement.
The Senate has not yet announced a timeline for a vote, but the chamber’s Republican majority leader, John Thune of South Dakota, said on CNN that passing it would be an “incredible legacy” for Graham.
Reporting by Patricia Zengerle; Editing by Cynthia Osterman
发表回复