更新于：2026年7月13日 / 美国东部时间晚上7:54 / 哥伦比亚广播公司（CBS）新闻
作者：凯特琳·伊莱克 政治记者
据哥伦比亚广播公司新闻周一获得的一封信件显示，特朗普总统已正式通知国会，针对伊朗的“军事行动”已于上周重启，此时持续数月的停火协议已然终止。
这位总统在日期为7月10日、写给参议院临时议长、爱荷华州共和党参议员查克·格拉斯利的信函中表示，军事行动“于7月7日启动”。
特朗普此前宣布美伊停火协议“终止”，并下令对伊朗目标实施多轮空袭，以回应上周伊朗在霍尔木兹海峡袭击商业船只的行为。伊朗当局坚称，船只在通过该海峡前必须寻求许可并使用伊朗批准的航线，作为对美国空袭的回应，伊朗向美国盟友海湾国家发射了导弹和无人机。
这份提交给国会的通知将最新一轮空袭称为“有限、克制、有规划的行动，执行方式旨在最大限度减少平民伤亡”。特朗普写道，此次行动的目标是打击那些对美军和商业航运构成威胁的伊朗军事设施。
根据越南战争后出台的《1973年战争权力决议》，总统必须在军事行动开始后48小时内通知国会。美伊冲突于去年2月底爆发后不久，白宫曾向国会提交过一份通知，但特朗普政府称，双方在4月初签署停火协议后，军事行动已“终止”。
在上周致议员的信函中，特朗普写道，美国曾“为通过外交手段解决伊朗的恶意行为做出了富有成效、秉持善意的努力”，并促成两国于上月签署了一份谅解备忘录。但他表示，伊朗上周初袭击三艘油轮的行为违反了该协议中要求伊朗确保霍尔木兹海峡通航安全的条款，从而引发了美国的空袭行动。
信函中写道：“美国武装部队已做好准备，将在必要且适当时采取进一步行动，应对针对美国及其盟友和伙伴的进一步威胁与袭击，确保伊朗伊斯兰共和国不再对美国及我们的盟友和伙伴构成威胁。”
《战争权力决议》规定，军事行动最长可持续60天，除非国会投票授权使用武力。特朗普政府辩称该条款违宪，但这一争议从未在法庭上得到检验，两党部分议员均认为，如果军事行动持续超过60天，特朗普应寻求国会的许可。
参众两院上月均通过一项决议，试图限制特朗普在未经国会授权的情况下对伊朗采取进一步军事行动的权力。民主党人表示，他们正在考虑采取法律手段迫使特朗普遵守该决议。特朗普则辩称，他是依据宪法赋予的职权采取行动的。
参议院后来否决了一项类似的战争权力议案，一些关键共和党人表示，他们希望给特朗普政府对伊朗的外交斡旋留出更多时间。
如今，随着美国恢复对伊朗的空袭行动，且特朗普对美伊谈判表示悲观，议员们将作何反应尚不明朗。
长期批评伊朗战争的肯塔基州共和党众议员托马斯·马西对记者表示，这场战争“从未停止过”，并认为本届政府未遵守《战争权力决议》规定的60天时限。
“他们简直是在试图规避该决议，假装可以暂停-重启，以此重置时钟，”他周一说道。
阅读该信件
Military action against Iran formally restarted last week, Trump told lawmakers
Updated on: July 13, 2026 / 7:54 PM EDT / CBS News
By Caitlin Yilek Politics Reporter
President Trump formally notified Congress that “military action” against Iran restarted last week, according to a letter obtained by CBS News on Monday, as a monthslong ceasefire comes to an end.
Military action “commenced on July 7,” the president said in a message dated July 10 and addressed to Republican Sen. Chuck Grassley of Iowa, the Senate’s president pro tempore.
The letter was sent after Mr. Trump declared the U.S.-Iran ceasefire “over” and ordered several rounds of strikes on Iranian targets, in response to Iranian attacks on commercial vessels in the Strait of Hormuz last week. Iranian authorities have insisted that ships seek permission and use an Iranian-approved route before transiting the strait, and responded to the U.S. strikes by launching missiles and drones at U.S.-allied Gulf states.
The notification to Congress calls the most recent strikes “limited, measured, planned, and executed in a manner designed to minimize civilian casualties.” The goal, Mr. Trump wrote, is to target Iranian military sites that pose a threat to U.S. forces and commercial shipping.
Under the War Powers Resolution of 1973, a post-Vietnam War law, the president must notify Congress within 48 hours of the start of military hostilities. Shortly after the U.S.-Iran war began in late February, the White House sent a notification to Congress, but the Trump administration’s position was that hostilities had “terminated” after the two sides signed a ceasefire in early April.
In last week’s letter to lawmakers, Mr. Trump wrote that the U.S. had engaged in “productive, good-faith efforts to achieve a diplomatic solution to Iran’s malign behavior,” leading the two countries to ink a memorandum of understanding last month. But he said Iran’s attacks on three oil tankers early last week violated a provision of the deal that requires Iran to arrange for safe transit through the Strait of Hormuz, leading to U.S. strikes.
“United States Armed Forces remain postured to take further action, as necessary and appropriate, to address further threats and attacks upon the United States or its allies and partners and to ensure the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran ceases being a threat to the United States and to our allies and partners,” the letter says.
The War Powers Resolution limits military hostilities to 60 days unless Congress votes to authorize military force. The Trump administration has argued that provision of the law is unconstitutional, but it has never been tested in court, and some members of both parties have argued Mr. Trump should seek permission from Congress if hostilities last longer than 60 days.
Both the House and Senate passed a resolution last month seeking to limit Mr. Trump’s ability to carry out further military action against Iran without congressional authorization. Democrats have said they’re considering their legal options to force Mr. Trump to comply. The president has argued that he is acting under his constitutional authority.
The Senate later rejected a similar war powers measure, with some key Republicans suggesting they wanted to give more time for the Trump administration’s diplomatic push with Iran to play out.
Now, as the U.S. resumes strikes against Iran and as Mr. Trump expresses pessimism about U.S.-Iran negotiations, it’s unclear how lawmakers will react.
Republican Rep. Thomas Massie of Kentucky, a longtime critic of the Iran war, told reporters that the war “never stopped,” and argued the administration is not complying with the War Powers Resolution’s 60-day time limit.
“They’re literally trying to steer around it by pretending you can play stop-start and restart the clock,” he said Monday.
Read the letter
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