2026年6月25日 13:15 UTC / 路透社
作者：大卫·谢泼德森
2026年6月25日 13:15 UTC 更新于2分钟前
2023年2月28日，美国加利福尼亚州恩西尼塔斯，一辆特斯拉Model 3在城市道路上行驶时使用全自动驾驶测试版软件（FSD）。路透社/迈克·布莱克 购买授权，将在新标签页打开
华盛顿6月25日路透电——美国国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）周四提议取消自动驾驶车辆必须配备手动制动踏板的政府要求，此举将使这类车辆更容易在美国道路上部署。
该提议不适用于配备人类驾驶员操控装置的车辆，NHTSA表示不会放宽自动驾驶车辆的制动性能要求，包括严格的停车距离标准。
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这是该机构为推动自动驾驶车辆量产所提议的多项改革之一。NHTSA目前正在制定自动驾驶车辆的安全性能测试标准，这是一项独立标准的一部分。
汽车制造商此前曾对该机构审查自动驾驶车辆进度缓慢表示不满。
根据现行法律，配备方向盘、制动踏板或后视镜等必要人类操控装置的全自动驾驶车辆，无需获得NHTSA的批准。
NHTSA有权批准每家制造商每年最多2500辆无需必要人类操控装置的车辆在美国道路上行驶，但该机构多年来一直在审查多份豁免申请，未采取任何行动。
去年，NHTSA表示将简化对这类豁免申请的审查流程。
今年3月，NHTSA表示正在征求公众对亚马逊自动驾驶部门Zoox的意见，该公司计划部署最多2500辆无需人类操控装置、无方向盘的专用机器人出租车。
2018年，通用汽车曾向NHTSA申请在美国道路上部署最多2500辆无方向盘和制动踏板的车辆，后于2020年撤回申请。这家底特律汽车制造商2022年再次向NHTSA申请批准部署无需人类操控装置的车辆，但该申请于2024年10月被撤回。
另外，NHTSA周四撤销了拜登政府时期提出的一项自愿性国家自动驾驶车辆评估与监管框架提案。
该机构表示，汽车制造商担忧相关要求过于严苛，而一些安全倡导者则认为该框架无法为NHTSA提供足够的监管权力，以确保车辆达到适当的安全标准。
大卫·谢泼德森报道；妮娅·威廉姆斯编辑
我们的报道准则：汤森路透信托原则。
US proposes to drop brake pedal requirements for self-driving vehicles
2026-06-25 1:15 PM UTC / Reuters
By David Shepardson
June 25, 2026 1:15 PM UTC Updated 2 mins ago
A Tesla Model 3 vehicle is shown using the Full Self Driving Beta software (FSD) while navigating a city road in Encinitas, California, U.S., February 28, 2023. REUTERS/Mike Blake Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
WASHINGTON, June 25 (Reuters) – The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration proposed on Thursday to end a government requirement for manual brake pedals in self-driving vehicles, a move that would make it easier to deploy such vehicles on U.S. roads.
The proposal would not apply to vehicles with human driver controls and NHTSA said it would not drop braking performance requirements, including strict stopping distance standards for self-driving vehicles.
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It is one of a number of changes proposed by the agency to facilitate the roll-out of self-driving vehicles. NHTSA is in the process of developing safety performance tests for self-driving vehicles as part of a separate standard.
Automakers have previously expressed frustration with the agency’s slow review of autonomous vehicles.
Under the law, fully self-driving vehicles do not need NHTSA approval if they have required human controls, like steering wheels, brake pedals or mirrors.
NHTSA has authority to grant petitions to allow up to 2,500 vehicles per manufacturer yearly to operate on U.S. roads without required human controls, but the agency has spent years reviewing several exemption petitions without taking action.
Last year, NHTSA said it was streamlining reviews of those exemption requests.
In March, NHTSA said it was seeking public comment on Amazon’s self-driving unit Zoox to deploy up to 2,500 purpose-built, steering-wheel-free robotaxis without human controls.
In 2018, GM petitioned NHTSA to deploy up to 2,500 cars without steering wheels or brake pedals on U.S. roads, before withdrawing the petition in 2020. The Detroit automaker sought NHTSA approval to deploy vehicles without human controls again in 2022 but that petition was withdrawn in October 2024.
Separately, NHTSA on Thursday withdrew a Biden-era proposal to adopt a voluntary national framework for the evaluation and oversight of self-driving vehicles.
The agency said automakers expressed concern the requirements were too stringent, while some safety advocates said it would not provide NHTSA with sufficient oversight to ensure an appropriate level of safety.
Reporting by David Shepardson; Editing by Nia Williams
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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