2026-06-20T19:24:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
更新时间：2026年6月20日 / 美国东部时间晚上7:24 / 美联社
乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基退还了波兰最高国家荣誉，此前波兰总统因二战历史引发的激烈争端再次浮现，剥夺了他的这一奖项。
泽连斯基在社交媒体发帖解释这一举措时写道，这个勋章“本是献给乌克兰人民和我们军队的”。“今天，我将勋章退还给了波兰总统。我相信未来会证明乌克兰人理应得到尊重。”
这条发布在X平台的消息附带了波兰勋章的照片以及即将寄往波兰总统府的邮寄收据。
2025年12月19日，波兰华沙总统府，波兰总统卡罗尔·纳夫罗茨基（左）与乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基在会晤前出席官方欢迎仪式。察雷克·索科洛夫斯基 / 美联社照片
波兰总统卡罗尔·纳夫罗茨基决定剥夺泽连斯基的白鹰勋章，原因是这位乌克兰领导人以乌克兰准军事组织的名字命名了一个军事单位，而该组织被指控在二战期间屠杀波兰人。
前波兰总统安杰伊·杜达曾于2023年向泽连斯基授予该勋章，以表彰他在安全、韧性和捍卫人权方面的贡献。
泽连斯基于5月26日发布政令，将乌克兰特种作战部队的一个单位命名为乌克兰起义军（简称UPA）。该组织活跃于20世纪40年代至50年代，在波兰被指控犯下大规模屠杀罪行。
“对绝大多数波兰民众而言，乌克兰起义军首先仍是一个在二战期间对波兰共和国公民犯下残酷罪行的组织，”纳夫罗茨基在社交媒体上发表的13分钟讲话中说道。
乌克兰的这一政令在波兰引发广泛批评。波兰此前接纳了数百万乌克兰难民，是基辅对抗俄罗斯四年入侵的关键支持者。不过纳夫罗茨基是一名民族主义政客，他曾利用反乌情绪为选举牟利。尽管乌克兰难民为波兰经济做出了贡献，但波兰境内的乌克兰人面临的偏见日益加剧。
纳夫罗茨基表示，撤销荣誉的决定并不意味着波兰对乌克兰抵御俄罗斯的支持会减弱。
泽连斯基在周六的帖子中写道，乌克兰感谢波兰的支持，并将继续寻求与波兰解决历史分歧。“我为我们的人民和每一位乌克兰战士感到骄傲。”
乌克兰总统办公室主任基里洛·布达诺夫在Telegram上写道，纳夫罗茨基的决定是“对我们人民的不友好行为”，也是“送给莫斯科侵略者的礼物，他们肯定会利用这一点来打击我们两国”。
包括布达诺夫在内的四名乌克兰官员表示，他们将退还波兰授予他们的国家荣誉。
乌克兰国内也有一些人批评退还波兰荣誉的决定。
乌克兰前总理阿尔谢尼·亚采纽克在X平台上写道，波兰现任总统的一个“有害且错误的决定”，“不能靠我们自己的其他错误决定来纠正”。
波兰将于下周举办一场关于乌克兰战后重建的重大活动，泽连斯基原本预计将出席。
波兰总理唐纳德·图斯克是纳夫罗茨基的政治对手，他呼吁两位领导人“克制情绪，不要加剧紧张局势”。
“前线不在别处，”图斯克周五晚间在社交媒体上写道，并补充称波兰与乌克兰之间的争端“让普京幸灾乐祸，也让我们的盟友感到震惊”。
泽连斯基5月的政令称，此次命名旨在恢复军事传统，并表彰该单位在捍卫乌克兰领土完整和独立方面的表现。
乌克兰起义军为争取乌克兰独立，同时对抗纳粹德国和苏联军队。但该组织被指控杀害了数万名波兰人，其中大部分发生在纳粹占领的沃伦和东加利西亚地区。2016年，波兰议会认定乌克兰起义军犯下的罪行属于种族灭绝。
乌克兰方面表示，双方的武装组织，包括乌克兰起义军和波兰地下武装，都参与了袭击和报复行动，导致波兰和乌克兰平民大规模伤亡。
波兰和乌克兰最近在挖掘波兰受害者遗骸的问题上取得了进展。两国总统去年12月在华沙举行的会晤标志着历史和解进程取得了进展。
Zelenskyy returns Poland’s highest honor after Polish president revokes it in history dispute
2026-06-20T19:24:00-0400 / CBS News
Updated on: June 20, 2026 / 7:24 PM EDT / AP
Ukrainian leader Volodymyr Zelenskyy has returned Poland’s highest state honor, after the Polish president stripped him of the award as a politically charged dispute over World War II history resurfaced.
Ukrainians believed the order “was meant for the Ukrainian People and our army,” Zelenskyy wrote in a social media post explaining the gesture. “Today, I sent the Order back to the President of Poland. I believe the future will confirm the respect Ukrainians deserve.”
The message published on X is accompanied by photos of the Polish order and a postal receipt that it was about to be mailed to the Polish presidential office.
Polish President Karol Nawrocki, left, and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy attend an official welcome ceremony before their meeting at the Presidential Palace in Warsaw, Poland, Dec. 19, 2025. Czarek Sokolowski / AP Photo
President Karol Nawrocki decided to strip Zelenskyy of the Order of the White Eagle over the Ukrainian leader’s decision to name a military unit after a Ukrainian paramilitary organization accused of massacring Poles during WWII.
Former Polish President Andrzej Duda bestowed the award on Zelenskyy in 2023 for services to security, resilience and the defense of human rights.
Zelenskyy issued a decree on May 26 naming a unit of Ukraine’s Special Operations Forces after the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, or UPA, which operated during the 1940s and 1950s and has been accused in Poland of mass killings.
“For the majority of Polish society, the Ukrainian Insurgent Army remains above all a formation responsible for cruel crimes against the citizens of the Polish Republic during World War II,” Nawrocki said in a 13-minute address on social media.
The Ukrainian decree was met with widespread criticism in Poland, which has hosted millions of Ukrainian refugees and is a key supporter of Kyiv as it battled Russia’s four-year invasion. However, Nawrocki is a nationalist politician who has exploited anti-Ukrainian sentiment for electoral gain. Ukrainians in Poland have been facing increasing prejudice despite their contribution to the economy.
The decision to revoke the honor did not mean Poland’s support for Ukraine in its defense against Russia would decrease, Nawrocki said.
Ukraine is grateful to Poland for its support, and would stay open to resolve historical differences with Poland, Zelenskyy wrote Saturday in his post. “I am proud of our people and of EVERY Ukrainian warrior.”
Ukrainian Presidential Office chief Kyrylo Budanov wrote on Telegram that Nawrocki’s decision was “an unfriendly act toward our people” and “a gift to the Moscow aggressor, which will certainly use it against both of our countries.”
Four Ukrainian officials, including Budanov, said they would return state honors that Poland had issued them.
Some in Ukraine criticized the decision to return the Polish honors.
Arseniy Yatsenyuk, Ukraine’s former prime minister, wrote on X that one “harmful and incorrect decision by the current president of Poland cannot be corrected by other incorrect decisions of ours.”
Poland is scheduled to host a major event on Ukraine’s postwar reconstruction next week, which Zelenskyy was expected to attend.
Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk, a political rival of Nawrocki, urged the two leaders to “tone down emotions, not stoke tensions.”
“The front line runs elsewhere,” Tusk wrote on social media Friday night, adding that the row between Poland and Ukraine “delights Putin and shocks our allies.”
Zelenskyy’s May decree said the designation was meant to restore military traditions and recognize the unit’s performance in defending Ukraine’s territorial integrity and independence.
The UPA fought for Ukrainian independence against both Nazi Germany and Soviet forces. But it has been accused of killing tens of thousands of Poles, mostly in the Nazi-occupied regions of Volhynia and Eastern Galicia. In 2016, the Polish Parliament recognized the crimes committed by UPA as genocide.
Ukrainians say armed formations on both sides, including the UPA and Polish underground forces, were involved in attacks and reprisals that led to large-scale civilian casualties among Poles and Ukrainians.
Poland and Ukraine had recently made progress on the issue of exhumation of Polish victims. A December meeting between the two presidents in Warsaw had signaled progress on historical reconciliation.
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