2026-06-09 13:55 UTC / 路透社
作者：艾玛·拉姆尼
2026年6月9日13:55 UTC 两小时前更新
2025年4月9日，美国纽约市一家酒吧陈列的酒类饮品。路透社/吉娜·穆恩 获取授权许可
伦敦6月9日路透电——一项发现即使少量饮酒也会增加健康风险的研究于周二完整发表于一份独立期刊，此前该研究遭特朗普政府搁置，后者未考虑采纳这项由联邦委托开展的研究，来为今年早些时候发布的新版美国饮酒指南提供依据。
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- 该研究发现，对于每天饮用一杯酒的美国人而言，因饮酒相关原因（包括受伤和道路交通事故）死亡的终身风险至少为千分之一，而每天饮用两杯酒的人群这一风险升至百分之一。研究显示，对于每天饮用两杯酒的美国男性——这一标准普遍被视为适度饮酒——风险达到二十五分之一。
- 研究还发现，即使每天饮用一杯酒，也与某些癌症和受伤风险上升存在关联。
- 酒精行业和部分美国议员称，该研究的方法存在缺陷且不透明，整个过程充满偏见和利益冲突，研究由反对饮酒的科学家主导。
- 特朗普政府选择采用非营利组织美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院的另一项研究，来为饮酒指南更新提供依据。该研究发现，适度饮酒与全因死亡风险降低相关。
- 六名美国卫生官员曾于2025年初起草提案，计划将美国人的饮酒建议收紧至所有性别均为每天一杯，而2020-2025年膳食指南中男性的建议饮酒量为每天两杯，女性为每天一杯。特朗普政府最终发布了新的建议，引导民众为健康减少饮酒，但未给出具体饮酒份数标准。
- 这项《酒精摄入与健康研究》由美国卫生与公众服务部委托开展，旨在更新2025-2030年《美国膳食指南》中的饮酒建议，该指南已于今年1月发布。
- 该研究的草案版本于2025年1月公开。但特朗普政府在更新饮酒指南时未采纳该研究结论，也未发布研究的最终版本，最终该研究于周二在《酒精与药物研究期刊》发表。
艾玛·拉姆尼报道；大卫·霍尔姆斯编辑
我们的准则：汤森路透信任原则。
Sidelined U.S. study on alcohol’s health effects published in independent journal
2026-06-09 1:55 PM UTC / Reuters
By Emma Rumney
June 9, 2026 1:55 PM UTC Updated 2 hours ago
Liquors are displayed at a bar in New York City, U.S., April 9, 2025. REUTERS/Jeenah Moon Purchase Licensing Rights
LONDON, June 9 (Reuters) – A study that found even low levels of drinking alcohol can increase health risks was published in full on Tuesday in an independent journal after being sidelined by the Trump Administration, which opted not to consider the federally-commissioned research to inform new U.S. drinking guidelines set out earlier this year.
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- The study found that the lifetime risk of dying from an alcohol-related cause, including injuries and road accidents, stood at at least 1 in 1,000 for Americans having one drink per day, but that this rose to 1 in 100 for those consuming two drinks per day. For American men, consuming two drinks per day – a rate widely seen to constitute moderate drinking – the risk was 1 in 25, the study found.
- Even one drink a day was associated with increased risks of certain cancers and injuries, it found.
- The alcohol industry and some U.S. lawmakers say the study’s methodology was flawed and opaque, and that the process was rife with bias and conflicts of interest and led by scientists opposed to alcohol use.
- The Trump Administration opted to use a separate study from the non-profit National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine to inform the alcohol update. That study found that moderate drinking is associated with a lower risk of dying from any cause.
- A group of six U.S. health officials had in early 2025 been drafting a proposal to tighten alcohol advice for Americans to one drink per day for all genders, versus two drinks per day for men and one for women in the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines. The Trump Administration ultimately published new advice that guided Americans to drink less for better health, but without advice on servings.
- The Alcohol Intake and Health Study was commissioned by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to update the alcohol advice in the 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, laid out in January.
- A draft version of the study was published in January 2025. But the Trump Administration did not consider the findings in its update of the alcohol advice or release the final version of the study, which was published instead in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs on Tuesday.
Reporting by Emma Rumney; Editing by David Holmes
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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