2026-05-27T12:22:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
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更新时间：2026年5月27日 / 美国东部夏令时中午12:55 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
华盛顿——在一家地区法院认定2023年制定的国会选区地图存在种族歧视后，阿拉巴马州共和党人周三向最高法院提出请求，允许该州使用这份将在中期选举中帮助共和党占据优势的选区方案。
此前，一家地区法院下令阿拉巴马州使用经法院批准的、包含两个非裔占多数选区的国会选区地图来进行即将到来的众议院选举。阿拉巴马州官员随即向最高法院寻求紧急救济。由三名法官组成的地区法院合议庭认定，阿拉巴马州由共和党控制的州议会在2023年通过的重划选区方案仅设有一个少数族裔占多数的选区，属于故意歧视黑人选民。
“除非法院下达暂缓执行令，否则阿拉巴马州和公众将遭受无法弥补的损害，因为他们将无法使用该州‘正式通过的方案’参与2026年选举，”阿拉巴马州官员在一份提交的文件中写道。“更糟糕的是，选民将被迫在法院划定的、不符合阿拉巴马州合理选区划分目标的种族操纵选区地图下进行投票。”
他们表示，2023年的地图“当时是合法的，现在也同样合法”。
就在上个月最高法院削弱了《选举权法案》的一项关键条款后，阿拉巴马州共和党人转而重新采用三年前制定的国会选区界线。在阿拉巴马州2024年的众议院选举中，选举是根据地区法院通过的方案进行的，该方案包含两个非裔占多数的国会选区。
但在即将到来的众议院选举中，共和党人希望通过重新采用2023年的地图，夺回目前由非裔民主党众议员肖马里·菲格尔斯占据的其中一个席位。
为配合这份三年前的选区地图重新启用，阿拉巴马州州长、共和党人凯·艾维定于8月11日举行特别初选，涉及将根据新方案重新划分的四个众议院选区。该州另外三个不受重划影响的众议院席位的初选已于上周举行。
阿拉巴马州国会选区地图的这场持续争端是最高法院《选举权法案》裁决的后续影响之一。针对这起涉及路易斯安那州众议院选区界线的裁决，南方多个州已争相重新调整其国会选区地图，以帮助共和党巩固其在众议院的多数席位优势。
这一举措与特朗普总统近几个月来推动得克萨斯州、佛罗里达州和密苏里州等共和党主政州为党派利益重新制定国会选区地图的行动相一致。
阿拉巴马州的国会选区地图自2021年以来一直陷入法律纠纷，当时该州在2020年人口普查后重新绘制了众议院选区。2023年，在最高法院裁定此前的重划选区方案可能违反《选举权法案》第二条后，州议员们制定了新的选区地图，在7个国会选区中仅设置了一个非裔占多数的选区，尽管阿拉巴马州的人口中有27%是非裔。
但这些众议院选区界线被地区法院判定无效。法院随后制定了自己的国会选区地图，增强了黑人选民的投票权，该方案被用于2024年的众议院选举。
在这项选举权裁决出台后，阿拉巴马州官员请求最高法院撤销阻止该州使用2023年地图的禁令。最高法院本月早些时候同意了这一请求，并将案件发回地区法院进行进一步审理。
但当地区法院重新审视2023年划定的众议院选区时，法院表示有“无可辩驳的证据”表明，该地图出于种族动机故意歧视，违反了宪法。
“最终，我们无法认可要求阿拉巴马州选民在带有故意种族歧视污点的选区划分方案下参与2026年选举，”巡回法官斯坦利·马库斯以及地区法官安娜·马纳斯科和特里·穆勒尔裁定。
Alabama Republicans ask Supreme Court to allow congressional map found racially discriminatory by lower court
2026-05-27T12:22:00-0400 / CBS News
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Updated on: May 27, 2026 / 12:55 PM EDT / CBS News
Washington — Alabama Republicans asked the Supreme Court on Wednesday to allow the state to use a congressional map, crafted in 2023, that would give the GOP an edge in the midterm elections, after a district court found that the redistricting plan was racially discriminatory.
State officials asked the high court for emergency relief on the heels of the district court’s decision that ordered Alabama to use a court-approved map that includes two majority-Black districts for upcoming House contests. The three-judge district court panel found that the redistricting plan adopted by Alabama’s GOP-controlled legislature in 2023, which has one majority-minority district, intentionally discriminated against Black voters.
“Alabama and the public face irreparable harm unless a stay issues because they will be unable to use the State’s ‘duly enacted plans’ for the 2026 election,” Alabama officials wrote in a filing. “Worse still, voters will be forced to vote under a court-drawn racially gerrymandered map that does not meet Alabama’s legitimate districting goals.”
They said the 2023 map “was lawful then, and it is lawful now.”
Alabama Republicans moved to revert back to the congressional lines drawn three years ago after the Supreme Court last month weakened a key provision of the Voting Rights Act. For the 2024 elections in Alabama, House contests were conducted under a plan adopted by the district court, which included two majority-Black congressional districts.
But for the upcoming House elections, Republicans are hoping to flip one of those seats, currently held by Rep. Shomari Figures, a Black Democrat, by reimposing their 2023 map.
In anticipation of the three-year-old map being put in place, Alabama Gov. Kay Ivey, a Republican, set a special primary election for Aug. 11 for the four House districts that would be recrafted under that plan. Primaries for the state’s three other House seats unaffected by redrawing were held last week.
The ongoing battle over Alabama’s congressional map is part of the fallout from the Supreme Court’s Voting Rights Act decision. In response to that ruling, which involved Louisiana’s House district lines, several states in the South have rushed to reconfigure their congressional maps to help bolster Republicans’ odds of holding onto their House majority.
The effort is in line with President Trump’s push over the past few months for GOP-led states like Texas, Florida and Missouri to recraft their congressional maps for partisan gain.
Alabama’s congressional map has been ensnared in legal wrangling since 2021, when the state drew new House districts after the 2020 Census. In 2023, after the Supreme Court ruled that earlier redistricting plan likely violated Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, state lawmakers drew the map with one majority-Black district out of seven congressional seats, even though Alabama’s population is 27% Black.
But those House lines were invalidated by the district court. It went on to put in place its own congressional map that bolstered Black voting power, and that was used for 2024 House races.
On the heels of the voting rights decision, Alabama officials asked the Supreme Court to set aside the injunction that had blocked the state from using the 2023 map. The high court agreed to do so earlier this month and sent the case back to the district court for more proceedings.
But when the district court took another look at the House districts drawn in 2023, it said there was “undisputed evidence” that the map intentionally discriminated based on race in violation of the Constitution.
“Ultimately, we cannot see our way clear to requiring Alabamians to cast their votes in the 2026 elections under a districting plan tainted by intentional race-based discrimination,” Circuit Judge Stanley Marcus and District Judges Anna Manasco and Terry Moorer found.
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