2026年2月7日 / 美国东部时间上午6:00 / CBS新闻
2026年米兰-科尔蒂纳冬季奥运会将有约2900名运动员参加116个项目的角逐，每位选手都希望能载誉而归。
珍贵的金、银、铜牌只会被少数参赛者收入囊中。过去奥运会的奖牌分布情况可以让我们了解哪些国家和运动员最有可能在今年的赛事中占据主导地位。
在2022年北京冬奥会上，挪威获得了最多奖牌：37枚，其中包括16枚金牌。紧随其后的是俄罗斯奥委会（ROC，俄罗斯运动员参赛的旗帜）、德国、加拿大和美国。
在2024年巴黎夏季奥运会上，美国表现最佳，获得126枚奖牌，其中包括40枚金牌。紧随其后的是中国、英国和法国。
但哪些国家总体上获得的奖牌最多？哪些运动员在奥运历史上获奖次数最多？
哪些国家获得的奥运奖牌最多？
虽然国际奥委会并未编制排名，但奥林匹克文化与遗产基金会会记录奖牌总数。该基金会将美国列为首位，共获得3103枚奖牌。
奥林匹克文化与遗产基金会被奥运会描述为”在文化、遗产和价值观教育领域推广和传播奥林匹克精神的领先国际代表”，它统计每个项目的一枚奖牌，无论获奖队伍中有多少名运动员。该组织不统计艺术比赛或表演项目中获得的奖牌。
美国以1204枚奖牌位居第二，苏联（1991年解体，其前成员国现在以独立国家身份参赛）位居第二。德国以1091枚奖牌位列第三。
德国的具体奖牌数存在争议，因为德国并非每次奥运会都以统一国家身份参赛，这可能导致奖牌统计混乱。曾有一段时间，德意志联邦共和国队代表西德参赛，德意志民主共和国队代表东德参赛。
虽然美国在奖牌总数上领先，但在冬季奥运会奖牌榜上却未居首位。挪威在冬季奥运会上表现突出，共获得404枚奖牌。
美国以330枚奖牌、德国以286枚奖牌分别位居冬季奥运会奖牌榜第二和第三。
哪些国家获得的奥运金牌最多？
根据奥林匹克文化与遗产基金会的数据，美国获得的金牌总数最多：总计1220枚。苏联以473枚金牌位居第二。德国以355枚金牌位列第三。
该基金会表示，英国、法国、意大利、中国、瑞典和挪威各自获得的金牌数均超过200枚。
在冬奥会金牌排名中，挪威以148枚金牌位居榜首，其次是美国（114枚）和德国（113枚）。
哪些运动员获得的奥运奖牌最多？
美国游泳运动员迈克尔·菲尔普斯无疑是获得奥运奖牌最多的运动员。菲尔普斯于2000年悉尼奥运会首次亮相，参加了五届奥运会，共获得23枚金牌、3枚银牌和2枚铜牌。
前苏联体操运动员拉里莎·拉蒂尼娜是最成功的女奥运选手，共获得18枚奥运奖牌：9枚金牌、5枚银牌和4枚铜牌。
挪威滑雪运动员马里特·比约根在2018年赢得第八枚金牌，将其奖牌总数提升至15枚，成为冬季奥运会获奖最多的女运动员。
挪威滑雪运动员奥莱·埃纳尔·比约达伦以14枚奖牌的成绩成为冬季奥运会获奖最多的男运动员。
美国短道速滑运动员阿波罗·安东·奥诺在三届冬奥会上共获得8枚奖牌，位居美国冬季奥运会运动员奖牌榜首位。
哪些运动员获得的奥运金牌最多？
菲尔普斯不仅是获奖最多的奥运选手，也是获得金牌最多的运动员，在五届奥运会中获得23枚金牌。拉蒂尼娜除了是总体获奖最多的女奥运选手外，还保持着女运动员奥运金牌数最多的纪录。她从1956年墨尔本奥运会开始参加了三届奥运会。
比约根和比约达伦这两位滑雪运动员各自获得8枚金牌，与另一位挪威滑雪运动员比约恩·达尔并列冬季奥运会金牌数最多的纪录。
Who has the most Olympic medals of all time? These countries and athletes are the most decorated ever
February 7, 2026 / 6:00 AM EST / CBS News
There will be around 2,900 athletes competing in 116 events at the 2026 Milano Cortina Winter Olympic Games, with each one hoping to bring home a medal.
The prized gold, silver and bronze medals will go home with only a small portion of the competitors. The distribution of awards at past Olympics provides some insight into which countries and athletes are the most likely to dominate this year.
During the 2022 Winter Games in Beijing, Norway took home the most medals: 37, including 16 gold. After the Norwegians came the ROC — the banner under which Russian athletes compete — followed by Germany, Canada and the United States.
The U.S. came out on top at the most recent Summer Games in Paris in 2024, taking home 126 medals, including 40 gold. It was followed by China, Britain and France.
But which countries have taken home the most medals overall, and which athletes have won most often in Olympic history?
Which countries have the most Olympic medals?
While the International Olympic Committee does not compile rankings, the Olympic Foundation for Culture and Heritage does keep a medal tally. It puts the U.S. at the top, with 3,103 total medals.
The Olympic Foundation for Culture and Heritage, which is described by the Olympics as the “leading international exponent in promoting and disseminating Olympism in the fields of culture, heritage and values-based education,” counts one medal per event, regardless of how many athletes may compete in a winning team. The organization does not count medals won in the arts competitions or medals won during demonstration events.
USA’s gold medallist Shaun White poses on the podium for the men’s snowboard halfpipe at the PyeongChang 2018 Winter Olympic Games. Martin BUREAU /AFP via Getty Images
The U.S. is followed in the overall medal count by the Soviet Union, which was disbanded in 1991, with its former republics now competing as independent countries. The Soviet Union earned 1,204 medals. Germany comes in third with 1,091 medals.
Germany’s exact medal count is a point of contention because Germany has not always competed in each Olympics as a unified country, which can lead to confusing medal counts. At one point, the Federal Republic of Germany team represented West Germany while the German Democratic Republic team represented East Germany.
While the U.S. leads in the overall medal count, it does not hold the top spot when it comes to Winter Olympics medals. Norway dominates there, with 404 medals earned during the Winter Games.
The U.S., with 330, and Germany, with 286, are next in the Winter Olympics rankings.
Which countries have the most Olympic gold medals?
The U.S. has the most gold medals overall: a total of 1,220, according to the Olympic Foundation. In second place, the Soviet Union racked up 473 gold medals. Germany is third, with 355 gold medals.
Great Britain, France, Italy, China, Sweden and Norway have all won more than 200 gold medals apiece, according to the Olympic Foundation.
The Winter Olympics specific rankings see Norway on top, with 148 gold medals, followed by the U.S. and Germany, with 114 and 113 gold medals, respectively.
Which athletes have the most Olympic medals overall?
American swimmer Michael Phelps is handily the Olympic athlete with the most medals. Phelps, who first appeared in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, has 23 gold medals, three silver and two bronze, won across five games.
Former Soviet gymnast Larisa Latynina is the most successful female Olympian, with 18 Olympic medals: nine gold, five silver and four bronze.
Norwegian skier Marit Bjørgen became the most decorated winter Olympian in 2018, when she won her eighth gold medal, bringing her total medal count to 15.
Gold medalist Marit Bjorgen of Norway poses during the medal ceremony for the Cross-Country Skiing – Ladies’ 30km Mass Start Classic at the PyeongChang 2018 Winter Olympic Games on Feb. 25, 2018 in South Korea. Maddie Meyer / Getty Images
Ole Einar Bjørndalen, also a Norwegian skier, holds the most medals for a male winter Olympian, with 14.
Speed skater Apolo Anton Ohno, who has earned eight medals across three Winter Olympics, holds the top spot for U.S. winter Olympians.
Apolo Anton Ohno of Team USA skates in the men’s 5000-meter relay short track race on Feb. 17, 2010, during the Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia. George Bridges/MCT/Tribune News Service via Getty Images
Which athletes have the most Olympic gold medals?
Phelps is not only the athlete with the most decorated Olympian; he’s also the athlete with the most Olympic golds, earning 23 gold medals across five games. And Latynina, in addition to being the winningest female Olympian overall, also holds the record for most golds by a female athlete at the Olympics. She competed in three games, starting in 1956 in Melbourne.
Skiers Bjørgen and Bjørndalen, with eight gold medals apiece, are tied with Bjørn Dæhlie — another Norwegian skier — for the record of winter Olympians with the most gold medals.
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