2026年5月21日 美国东部时间上午10:16 / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
作者：约翰·弗里茨
更新于2026年5月21日 美国东部时间上午11:04
2026年5月14日周四，美国最高法院在华盛顿特区。
埃里克·李/彭博社/盖蒂图片社
内容摘要
- 最高法院周四准许一起针对大型邮轮公司的诉讼继续进行，这些公司使用了1960年被古巴政府没收的哈瓦那码头。
- 克拉伦斯·托马斯大法官撰写了8比1的多数意见，该判决出炉之际正值特朗普政府加大对古巴的施压力度。
AI生成的摘要已由CNN编辑审核。
美国最高法院周四给全球最大的邮轮公司带来了沉重打击，恢复了一项指控，称这些公司在哈瓦那靠港时，使用了古巴政府没收的财产。
这一判决对皇家加勒比邮轮公司、嘉年华邮轮公司及其他公司来说是一场失利，此时正值特朗普政府加大对古巴的经济和政治施压力度。
克拉伦斯·托马斯大法官代表8比1的多数方撰写了判决意见。自由派大法官埃琳娜·卡根是唯一的异议者。
该判决作出的前一天，美国司法部起诉了古巴前领导人劳尔·卡斯特罗，指控他涉嫌参与1996年击落两架民用飞机，造成包括3名美国人在内的4人死亡。在宣布这项指控时，美国代理司法部长托德·布兰奇表示，唐纳德·特朗普总统即将就古巴禁运问题发表声明。
特朗普还曾暗示可能对古巴采取军事行动，他在3月17日告诉记者，他或许会拥有“拿下古巴的荣誉”。
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这起案件与1960年古巴革命后卡斯特罗掌权不久被没收的财产有关，涉及国会1996年通过的一项法律，允许美国国民在美国法院就被没收的财产提起诉讼。
哈瓦那码头公司1905年为古巴政府建造了哈瓦那码头，条件是该公司可以运营该港口99年。卡斯特罗政府掌权后不久便没收了这些码头。
该公司表示，全球最大的邮轮公司在2015年至2019年期间“未经哈瓦那码头公司授权，仍将其巨型邮轮停泊在被没收的码头”。在上诉中，该公司称这起案件是数十年来涉及美国对古巴外交政策的最重要一起提交至最高法院的案件。
“哈瓦那码头公司已经证明，邮轮公司使用了哈瓦那码头公司拥有财产权益并有权主张的被没收财产，”托马斯为多数方写道。
周四的判决并未对案件本身作出裁决，而是准许哈瓦那码头公司的诉讼继续进行。
卡根认为最高法院从根本上误读了这起案件。
“这些码头一直属于古巴政府——而非哈瓦那码头公司，”她在异议意见中写道。“哈瓦那码头公司所拥有的只是一项在指定时间段内使用这些码头的财产权益。而这一受时间限制的权益已于2004年到期——比邮轮公司使用这些码头早了十多年。”
该公司表示，在巴拉克·奥巴马总统任期末期以及特朗普政府的大部分时间里，“邮轮公司在这些码头卸下了近100万名游客，并向古巴资金紧张的共产党政权支付了至少1.3亿美元的硬通货，却未向哈瓦那码头公司或任何与该政权无关的古巴个人或实体支付一分钱。”
在这起邮轮案件中，争议点在于，即便没有卡斯特罗掌权，该公司对码头的租赁权也会在2004年到期，该公司是否仍能索要损害赔偿。总部位于亚特兰大的美国第十一巡回上诉法院支持了邮轮公司的主张，哈瓦那码头公司去年向最高法院提起上诉。
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Supreme Court revives damages suit against cruise ship companies that docked in Cuba
2026-05-21 10:16 AM ET / CNN
By John Fritze
Updated May 21, 2026, 11:04 AM ET
The US Supreme Court in Washington, DC, on Thursday, May 14.
Eric Lee/Bloomberg/Getty Images
Summary
- The Supreme Court on Thursday allowed a lawsuit to proceed against major cruise lines over their use of Havana docks confiscated by Cuba’s government in 1960.
- Justice Clarence Thomas wrote the 8-1 majority opinion, with the decision coming as the Trump administration increases pressure on Cuba.
AI-generated summary was reviewed by a CNN editor.
The Supreme Court subjected the world’s largest cruise ship companies to a stiff headwind on Thursday, reviving a claim that alleged they trafficked in property confiscated by the Cuban government when they docked their ships in Havana.
The court’s decision is a loss for Royal Caribbean Cruises, Carnival Corporation and other companies and lands at a moment when the Trump administration is ramping up economic and political pressure on Cuba.
Justice Clarence Thomas wrote the majority opinion for an 8-1 court. Liberal Justice Elena Kagan was the sole dissenter.
The decision comes a day after the Department of Justice indicted former Cuban President Raúl Castro on charges that stem from his alleged role in the 1996 shootdown of two civilian aircraft that killed four people, including three Americans. While announcing the charges, Acting US Attorney General Todd Blanche said President Donald Trump would soon make an announcement on the Cuban embargo.
Trump has also flirted with military action in Cuba, telling reporters on March 17 he might have the “honor of taking Cuba.”
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The case was tied to property confiscated in 1960 shortly after Castro came to power in the island nation’s revolution and involved a law Congress passed in 1996 allowing US nationals to sue over that seized property in US courts.
Havana Docks Corporation built Havana’s piers in 1905 for the Cuban government on the condition that it would operate the port for 99 years. Castro’s government seized the docks shortly after coming to power.
The world’s largest cruise lines, the company said, “nonetheless moored their massive ships at the confiscated docks without Havana Docks’ authorization” from 2015 to 2019. In its appeal, the company described the case as the most important involving US foreign policy toward Cuba to reach the Supreme Court in decades.
“Havana Docks has shown that the cruise lines used confiscated property in which Havana Docks had a property interest and to which it owns a claim,” Thomas wrote for the majority.
The decision Thursday does not decide the case but rather allows the Havana Docks litigation to proceed.
Kagan argued that the court fundamentally misread the case.
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“The docks belonged to the Cuban Government– not Havana Docks – all along,” she wrote in dissent. “What Havana Docks owned was only a property interest allowing it to use those docks for a specified time. And that time-limited interest expired in 2004 – more than a decade before the cruise lines ever used the docks.”
During the end of President Barack Obama’s tenure and much of the first Trump administration, the company said, “the cruise lines disembarked nearly one million tourists on those docks, and paid Cuba’s cash-strapped Communist regime at least $130 million in hard currency without paying a penny to either Havana Docks or any Cuban person or entity unaffiliated with the regime.”
In the cruise ship case, the question was whether the company could collect damages even though its lease on the docks would have expired in 2004 without the Castro takeover. The Atlanta-based 11th US Circuit Court of Appeals sided with the cruise lines and the Havana Docks Corporation appealed to the Supreme Court last year.
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