沃什将于周五在白宫宣誓就任美联储主席


2026年5月18日 下午4:52 UTC / 路透社

2026年4月21日,美国华盛顿国会山,美国总统唐纳德·特朗普提名的下一任美联储主席凯文·沃什在参议院银行委员会确认听证会上作证。路透社/伊丽莎白·弗朗茨/档案照片

  • 凯文·沃什接任美联储之际,战争与关税推高的通胀形势愈发严峻
  • 鲍威尔将留在美联储董事会直至刑事调查结束
  • 沃什的首次政策会议定于6月中旬举行

华盛顿5月18日电(路透社)——一名白宫官员周一表示,凯文·沃什将于周五由美国总统唐纳德·特朗普主持宣誓就职,成为美国联邦储备委员会主席。这意味着这位56岁的律师兼金融家将正式执掌这家央行,而当前央行正面临愈发严峻的通胀压力,这可能会让特朗普迫切希望的降息举措难以推进。

沃什将接替杰罗姆·鲍威尔,鲍威尔为期八年的美联储主席任期已于周五正式结束,但他计划继续担任美联储理事会成员,直至他确信特朗普政府对他的刑事调查完全了结。鲍威尔已于周五宣誓就任临时主席,以填补领导空档,直至沃什正式就职。

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针对鲍威尔的调查起因是美联储华盛顿总部大楼翻新工程成本超支,这一度成为沃什获得参议院确认的阻碍。不过,该调查已令一名持反对意见的共和党参议员满意,参议院随后于5月13日以几乎全党派投票结果确认了沃什的提名。

沃什曾在全球金融危机期间担任美联储理事,如今重返美联储之际,正值美国货币政策制定面临艰难时刻。年化通胀率远高于美联储2%的目标,且可能持续攀升,这在很大程度上源于任命他的总统的政策选择。

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特朗普在任期第一年实施的关税推高了各类进口商品价格,而今年特朗普决定与伊朗开战引发的全球能源价格震荡,近期数据显示,这正在推升范围日益扩大的商品和服务价格。

包括鲍威尔在内的多位美联储政策制定者曾认为,关税的影响属于一次性价格上涨,而非持续性通胀,因此可以允许美联储恢复今年初暂停的降息举措。

但如今伊朗战争引发的能源价格震荡所带来的连锁效应,加剧了越来越多美联储政策制定者的通胀担忧。沃什现在必须领导这些政策制定者,并努力与他们就利率政策方向达成共识。

截至上周结束,一系列高于预期的通胀数据引发了债券市场动荡。上周五,美国国债收益率大幅攀升,因投资者调整头寸,以应对他们如今认为将持续存在的通胀,以及美联储可能随之而来的加息——最早可能在12月启动。

沃什的首次利率制定会议将于6月中旬举行,也就是几周之后。届时他很可能会面临越来越多主张鹰派政策的政策制定者,他们呼吁美联储明确调整政策立场,以防范通胀。利率期货市场目前几乎完全排除了6月会议上调联邦基金利率(当前区间为3.50%至3.75%)的可能性。

本报记者丹·伯恩斯、史蒂夫·霍兰、贾斯珀·沃德和达芙妮·普萨莱达基斯华盛顿报道;米歇尔·尼科尔斯和罗莎尔巴·奥布莱恩编辑

我们的准则:汤森路透信托原则。

Warsh to be sworn in as Fed chair at White House on Friday

May 18, 2026 4:52 PM UTC / Reuters

Kevin Warsh, U.S. President Donald Trump’s nominee to be next chair of the Federal Reserve, testifies before a Senate Banking Committee confirmation hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., U.S., April 21, 2026. REUTERS/Elizabeth Frantz/File Photo

  • Kevin Warsh takes over Fed as war-and-tariff-induced inflation heats up
  • Powell to remain on Fed board until criminal probe concludes
  • Warsh’s first policy meeting set for mid-June

WASHINGTON, May 18 (Reuters) – Kevin Warsh will be sworn in as U.S. Federal Reserve chief on Friday by President ​Donald Trump, a White House official said on Monday, capping off the process of installing the 56-year-old lawyer ‌and financier at the helm of the central bank as it grapples with intensifying inflation that may make it hard to push through the interest-rate cuts Trump so deeply desires.

Warsh is succeeding Jerome Powell, whose eight-year run as Fed leader formally expired on Friday, although he plans to remain as a ​Board of Governors member until he is satisfied that a Trump administration criminal probe of him is fully wound down. ​Powell was sworn in as chair pro tempore on Friday to bridge the leadership gap until Warsh ⁠is formally installed.

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The investigation into Powell centering on cost overruns for building renovations at the Fed’s Washington headquarters complex became an ​obstacle for a time to Warsh’s confirmation by the Senate. The probe was settled to the satisfaction of an objecting Republican senator, ​however, and the full Senate confirmed Warsh on an almost-party-line vote on May 13.

Warsh, who served as a Fed governor through the global financial crisis era, returns at a difficult moment for U.S. monetary policymaking. Annualized inflation is running well above the Fed’s 2% target and likely to keep rising, largely ​because of policy choices by the president who gave him the job.

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The tariffs Trump imposed through his first year in office pushed ​up prices for a broad range of imported goods, and then this year Trump’s decision to go to war with Iran has triggered a ‌global energy ⁠price shock that recent data show is driving up prices across a widening array of goods and services.

The tariffs’ impact on its own had been a factor that a number of Fed policymakers, including Powell, had been willing to look past as a one-time price increase, not persistent inflation, and that could have allowed the central bank to resume interest-rate cuts that were put on hold ​early this year.

But the now-cascading effects ​of the Iran-war-induced energy price ⁠shock have deepened the inflation concerns of a growing number of the Fed policymakers Warsh must now lead and with whom he must now try to form a consensus over the direction ​of rate policy.

A run of hotter-than-expected readings of inflation caused upheaval in the bond market as ​last week ended. ⁠Yields on U.S. government bonds shot higher on Friday as investors repositioned for what they now see as sticky inflation and likely Fed rate hikes in response, starting perhaps as early as December.

Warsh’s first rate-setting meeting is just weeks away in mid-June and he is likely to ⁠find himself ​confronted with a growing hawkish bloc of policymakers arguing for the Fed to ​shift its posture explicitly to guard against inflation. Interest-rate futures markets assign effectively zero probability to a change in the Fed’s current policy rate, 3.50% to 3.75%, at ​the June meeting.

Reporting by Dan Burns, Steve Holland, Jasper Ward and Daphne Psaledakis in Washington; editing by Michelle Nichols and Rosalba O’Brien

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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