2026年5月10日 / 美国东部时间晚上11:36 / 美联社
美国反诽谤联盟（ADL）周日表示，亚伯拉罕·H·福克斯曼去世，享年86岁。在近三十年的时间里，他作为该联盟全国主任，一直是美国犹太人强有力的倡导者。
反诽谤联盟在一份声明中表示“深切哀悼我们长期担任全国主任的同仁离世”，但未透露福克斯曼去世的具体地点和时间。
在2015年退休前的28年里，作为反诽谤联盟负责人，福克斯曼曾为多位总统、外交官、企业首席执行官和名人提供咨询。他曾就反犹太主义言论或表现向知名人士提出批评，并代表整个犹太社区接受对方随后做出的道歉。
“亚伯的声音被教皇、总统和总理听到并重视，无论犹太人身处何地面临风险，他都会发声，”反诽谤联盟现任主任乔纳森·格林布拉特在一份声明中说道。“亚伯·福克斯曼以道德权威和清晰的立场在全球舞台上发声，始终不懈地致力于打造一个没有仇恨的世界。”
福克斯曼1940年出生于当时属于波兰、如今属于白俄罗斯的地区，父母是犹太人。一名保姆为他施洗成为天主教徒，以隐藏他的犹太身份，他因此在大屠杀中幸存下来。战后他与父母团聚，全家随后移居纽约。
1987年，福克斯曼出任反诽谤联盟全国主任。此前他获得法学学位后以法律顾问的身份加入该联盟，在该组织度过了整整50年的职业生涯，成为全美反对反犹太主义和仇恨言论的领军声音。
退休后，福克斯曼在接受美联社采访时表示，他担忧互联网为偏执者提供了传播极端观点的途径，“不仅可以匿名传播，还能以光速扩散”。
反诽谤联盟成立于1913年，宗旨是打击反犹太主义和一切形式的偏见。但随着时代变迁和历任负责人的不同，该组织的工作重点也有所调整。
福克斯曼曾遭批评，认为反诽谤联盟在非犹太裔相关议题上投入了过多资源。在他任职期间，该组织建立了针对白人至上主义者和其他极端分子的强大研究部门，倡导移民和 LGBTQ+ 权利，为执法人员开展多元化培训，并为学校开发相关课程，内容涵盖大屠杀、1964年《民权法案》以及欺凌行为的影响等。
福克斯曼长期以来一直受到质疑，有人认为他对针对犹太人的所谓冒犯行为反应过度，谴责他人过于草率。但也有人批评他过于轻易地原谅和接纳那些为反犹太言论道歉的人。
福克斯曼表示，接受道歉至关重要，尤其是对于那些能够成为犹太人重要盟友的人。
“如果不让他们改过自新，那你自己就成了偏执者。”
Abe Foxman, former head of Anti-Defamation League, dies at 86
May 10, 2026 / 11:36 PM EDT / AP
Abraham H. Foxman, who was a forceful advocate for American Jews as national director of the Anti-Defamation League for nearly three decades, has died, the ADL said Sunday. He was 86.
The ADL said in a statement that it “deeply mourns the loss of our longtime national director,” without providing details about where and when Foxman died.
Over 28 years as head of the ADL before retiring in 2015, Foxman counseled presidents and diplomats, CEOs and celebrities. He took on prominent figures over antisemitic remarks or representations and accepted any ensuing apologies on behalf of an entire community.
“Abe’s voice was heard — and listened to — by popes, presidents, and prime ministers, a voice he used wherever Jews were at risk,” Jonathan Greenblatt, ADL’s current director, said in a statement. “Abe Foxman spoke on the global stage with moral authority and clarity and was relentlessly dedicated to his pursuit of a world without hate.”
Born in 1940 to Polish Jews in what’s now Belarus, Foxman survived the Holocaust after a nanny had him baptized as a Catholic to conceal his Jewish identity. He was reunited with his parents after the war and the family moved to New York.
Abe Foxman, then-director of the U.S. Anti-Defamation League, delivers his address on the second day of a two-day conference on antisemitism on Dec. 16, 2004, in Rome. ANDREW MEDICHINI / AP
After earning a law degree, Foxman joined the ADL as a staff lawyer. He spent his entire 50-year career with the group, becoming a leading national voice against antisemitism and hate. He was named the organization’s national director in 1987.
Upon his retirement, Foxman told The Associated Press that he worried that the internet was giving bigots a way to spread their beliefs “not only anonymously but at the speed of light.”
The ADL was founded in 1913 with a mandate to fight antisemitism and all bias. But the emphasis differed over time depending on who was in charge and the issues of the day.
Foxman faced criticism that the ADL put too many resources into non-Jewish issues. Under him, the organization built a formidable research arm into white supremacists and other extremists, advocated for immigrant and gay rights, conducted diversity training for law enforcement and developed programs for schools on issues ranging from the Holocaust to the 1964 Civil Rights Act to the impact of bullying.
Foxman long endured objections that he overreacted to perceived slights against the Jews and was too quick to condemn. Yet he was also chided for too easily forgiving and embracing those who repented their anti-Jewish remarks.
Foxman said it was essential to accept apologies, especially from those who can serve as prominent allies for Jews.
“If you don’t let them change, then you become the bigot.”
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