2026年5月1日 世界协调时14:03 / 路透社
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2026年3月23日，员工在美国印第安纳州南本德的通用冲压金属制品工厂生产车间工作。路透社/吉姆·冯德拉斯卡 资料图
华盛顿5月1日电（路透社）——美国4月制造业活动保持平稳，但由于中东冲突破坏了霍尔木兹海峡的航运，供应商交货表现恶化，推动原材料及其他投入品价格升至四年高位。
美国供应管理协会当日表示，4月制造业采购经理人指数（PMI）维持在52.7不变，接近四年高点。该指数连续第四个月保持在50荣枯线以上，表明制造业处于扩张状态。
路透社伊朗局势简报新闻邮件将为您带来伊朗战争的最新动态与分析，点击此处订阅。
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接受路透社调查的经济学家此前曾预测PMI会升至53。新订单增加支撑了PMI指数，这可能是因为企业急于下单，以避免美以与伊朗之间的战争引发供应短缺和价格上涨。新订单指数从3月的53.5升至54.1。
该调查的供应商交付指数从3月的58.9跃升至60.6。50以上的指数表明交货速度放缓。这导致制造商为投入品支付了更高的成本。调查中的支付价格指数从3月的78.3飙升至84.6，为2022年4月以来的最高水平。这一上涨强化了经济学家的预期，即今年通胀将进一步加速。
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美国政府周四公布的数据显示，3月个人消费支出（PCE）价格指数涨幅达到近四年来最高水平，年度PCE通胀涨幅为2023年5月以来最大。
PCE价格指数是美联储为实现2%通胀目标所追踪的指标之一。美国央行周三将基准隔夜利率维持在3.50%-3.75%区间，并指出通胀担忧加剧。
金融市场预计美联储将在2027年之前维持利率不变。在这场战争爆发前，制造业曾受到唐纳德·特朗普总统对进口商品全面关税的重创，这些关税后来被美国最高法院推翻。白宫现已实施新关税，辩称关税对重振国内工业基础至关重要。
由于预防性采购可能推动了订单增长，未完成订单上月进一步放缓，而出口下滑态势持续。因此，工厂就业连续第15个月出现下滑。自2025年1月以来，制造业就业岗位已减少约8.5万个。
露西娅·穆蒂卡尼 华盛顿报道；千住典子 编辑
我们的报道准则：汤森路透信托原则
US manufacturing sector steady in April, but input costs surge amid Iran war
May 1, 2026 2:03 PM UTC / Reuters
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Employees work on the production floor of the General Stamping & Metalworks building in South Bend, Indiana, U.S., March 23, 2026. REUTERS/Jim Vondruska/File Photo
WASHINGTON, May 1 (Reuters) – U.S. manufacturing activity held steady in April, but supplier delivery performance worsened as the Middle East conflict disrupted shipping in the Strait of Hormuz, boosting prices for raw materials and other inputs to a four-year high.
The Institute for Supply Management said on Friday its manufacturing PMI was unchanged at near a four-year high of 52.7 last month. The PMI remained above the 50 level, which indicates expansion in the manufacturing sector, for a fourth straight month.
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Economists polled by Reuters had forecast the PMI rising to 53. The PMI was anchored by an increase in new orders, likely as businesses rushed to place orders to avoid shortages and higher prices stemming from the U.S.-Israel war with Iran. The new orders measure rose to 54.1 from 53.5 in March.
The survey’s supplier deliveries index jumped to 60.6 from 58.9 in March. A reading above 50 indicates slower deliveries. That led to manufacturers paying more for inputs. The survey’s prices paid measure surged to 84.6, the highest reading since April 2022, from 78.3 in March. The rise reinforced economists’ expectations that inflation would accelerate further this year.
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The U.S. personal consumption expenditures price index rose by the most in nearly four years in March, the government reported on Thursday, with the annual increase in PCE inflation the biggest since May 2023.
The PCE price index is one of the measures tracked by the Federal Reserve for its 2% inflation target. The U.S. central bank on Wednesday left its benchmark overnight interest rate in the 3.50%-3.75% range, noting growing inflation worries.
Financial markets expect the Fed will keep rates unchanged into 2027. Before the war, manufacturing was slammed by President Donald Trump’s sweeping tariffs on imports, which were struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court. New duties have been put in place by the White House, which has argued that tariffs were necessary to rejuvenate the domestic industrial base.
With preemptive buying likely driving orders, unfilled orders slowed further last month, while the downturn in exports persisted. As a result, factory employment fell for a 15th straight month. Manufacturing employment has declined by about 85,000 jobs since January 2025.
Reporting By Lucia Mutikani; Editing by Chizu Nomiyama
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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