布莱恩·巴宾和里奇·麦考密克要求5个联邦机构就防范与中共有关的欺诈性研究作出解释
摩根·菲利普斯报道
福克斯新闻
2026年2月5日 美国东部时间上午11:30发布
福克斯独家：
众议院共和党人正在警告，他们所说的来自中国关联的“造纸厂”的威胁日益增长，这些“造纸厂”可能正在将虚假科学研究注入美国政府资助的项目，这可能会损害纳税人资助的科学研究和美国的科学领导力。
在本周发送并获得福克斯新闻数字版的监督信函中，德克萨斯州共和党众议员、众议院科学、空间和技术委员会主席布莱恩·巴宾和佐治亚州共和党众议员、小组委员会主席里奇·麦考密克要求联邦机构解释其为防止与中共支持的出版机构相关的伪造或剽窃研究影响联邦拨款和研究而建立的保障措施。
这些信函警告称，由所谓“造纸厂”生产或出售研究以牟利的欺诈性学术论文正越来越多地出现在美国期刊上，尽管这些论文源自与中国共产党（CCP）有关的运作，它们可能已经在影响联邦资助的科学研究。
“这些运作正成为伪造和剽窃研究的主要来源，”委员会写道，并警告说，美国研究拨款可能授予那些依赖有问题研究或与中共关联资助来源合作的个人，这会破坏纳税人资助项目的完整性。
被指控走私生物材料进入美国的中国学者
上图：众议院科学、空间和技术委员会主席、德克萨斯州共和党众议员布莱恩·巴宾和小组委员会主席、佐治亚州共和党众议员里奇·麦考密克要求联邦机构解释其为防止与中共支持的出版机构相关的伪造或剽窃研究影响联邦拨款和研究而建立的保障措施。（比尔·克拉克/国会-滚石/盖蒂图片社）
在信函中，委员会要求能源部、环境保护署、国家科学基金会、美国国家航空航天局（NASA）和美国国家海洋和大气管理局提供以下信息：各机构如何审查用于资助决策的已发表研究；是否筛查与外国对手或“造纸厂”活动的联系；以及在发现欺诈性研究时采取哪些措施。
委员会还要求各机构就如何加强监督以及保护纳税人资助的科学免受有问题或被操纵的研究结果影响的计划进行简报。
福克斯新闻数字版已要求这五个机构作出回应。
中国公民在顶尖学校被捕事件凸显中共如何将美国大学视为“薄弱环节”，专家警告
委员会指出，2006年一项阿尔茨海默病研究帮助推广了所谓的“淀粉样蛋白假说”，后来被揭露其依赖伪造的数据——然而，这些发现多年来被用来为美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）的研究重点和资助决策提供理由。
根据委员会的说法，NIH继续基于这个错误的假设资助研究约16年，最终批准了一种旨在稳定大脑中淀粉样蛋白的实验性药物——直到基础研究被曝光为欺诈行为。
议员们警告说，这个案例说明了虚假或被操纵的研究如何嵌入科学生态系统，误导资金流向，延迟合法突破，并侵蚀对联邦支持研究的信任。
委员会要求各机构就如何加强监督以及保护纳税人资助的科学免受有问题或被操纵的研究结果影响的计划进行简报。（iStock）
委员会还引用主要学术出版商的大规模撤稿作为证据，证明与“造纸厂”运作相关的欺诈性研究已经充斥西方期刊。
在信函中突出的一个例子中，美国著名学术出版商威利（Wiley）仅在2023年就撤回了超过8000篇伪造论文，此前该公司发现了与“造纸厂”相关的广泛操纵行为。这一丑闻最终导致威利的一家期刊子公司倒闭。
议员们表示，撤稿的规模突显了“造纸厂”如何能够利用同行评审系统，并将虚假研究推送给受尊敬的出版物，在问题被发现之前，这些研究可以被引用、依赖和重复使用。
国会委员会警告：美国大学在纳税人费用下培训中国军方科学家
委员会引用的调查估计，单个“造纸厂”每年可以生成数百篇欺诈性研究，全球可能已有数十万篇可疑论文污染了科学数据库。
对科学文献的分析表明，数千篇虚假或可疑论文已经进入合法期刊，特别是在生物医学研究和工程等领域，这损害了学术出版和科学可信度的信心。
议员们表示，撤稿的规模突显了“造纸厂”如何能够利用同行评审系统，并将虚假研究推送给受尊敬的出版物——在这些出版物中，虚假研究可以被引用、依赖和重复使用，直到很久以后才发现问题。
在某些情况下，出版商被迫撤回数千篇与涉嫌“造纸厂”活动相关的文章，并且在发现欺诈后，整个期刊被关闭。
公众对科学和联邦研究机构的信任已经受到动摇——这一趋势因新冠疫情而加剧，有人担心进一步的揭露会加深对纳税人资助科学的怀疑。
委员会将大部分“造纸厂”活动与中国共产党关联的学术激励措施联系起来，认为中国集中化的“不发表就完蛋”（publish or perish）体系助长了对伪造研究的需求。
根据信函中引用的消息来源，中国研究人员面临着持续发表论文以获得工作、晋升和资金的巨大压力——议员们表示，这种制度助长了广泛的滥用行为，包括代写、数据造假和购买作者署名。
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信函引用的调查显示，在中国一些医院中，近一半的住院医师承认购买或出售论文或聘请枪手，而其他调查发现，中国机构历史上对在精英西方期刊上发表论文提供高额现金奖励。
尽管北京宣布了旨在遏制现金出版激励措施的改革，但委员会认为这些努力执行不力且存在诸多漏洞，允许“造纸厂”继续大规模运作。
House Republicans warn of Chinese paper mills threat to US science funding | Fox News
Brian Babin and Rich McCormick demand answers from 5 federal agencies about safeguards against CCP-linked fraudulent research
By Morgan Phillips
Fox News
Published February 5, 2026 11:30am EST
FIRST ON FOX:House Republicans are sounding the alarm over what they say is a growing threat from China-linked “paper mills” that may be injecting fake scientific research into U.S. government-funded programs, potentially compromising taxpayer-funded science and American scientific leadership.
In oversight letters sent this week and obtained by Fox News Digital, House Science, Space, and Technology Committee Chairman Rep. Brian Babin, R-Texas, and subcommittee chair Rep. Rich McCormick, R-Ga., are demanding answers from federal agencies about what safeguards they have in place to prevent falsified or plagiarized studies tied to CCP-backed publishing operations from influencing federal grants and research.
The letters warn that fraudulent academic papers, produced by so-called paper mills that manufacture or sell research for profit, are increasingly appearing in U.S. journals and may already be shaping federally funded science, despite originating from operations linked to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
“These operations are becoming major sources of falsified and plagiarized research,” the committee wrote, cautioning that U.S. research grants could be awarded to individuals who rely on compromised studies or collaborate with CCP-affiliated funding sources, undermining the integrity of taxpayer-funded programs.
CHINESE SCHOLARS CHARGED WITH SMUGGLING BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS INTO US UNDER RESEARCH COVER
House Science, Space, and Technology Committee Chairman Rep. Brian Babin, R-Texas,above, and subcommittee chair Rep. Rich McCormick, R-Ga., are demanding answers from federal agencies about what safeguards they have in place to prevent falsified or plagiarized studies tied to CCP-backed publishing operations from influencing federal grants and research.(Bill Clark/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images)
In the letters, the committee asks the Department of Energy, Environmental Protection Agency, National Science Foundation, NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to provide information on how agencies vet published studies used in funding decisions, whether they screen for ties to foreign adversaries or paper-mill activity, and what steps are taken when fraudulent research is identified.
The committee also requests briefings on how agencies plan to strengthen oversight and protect taxpayer-funded science from compromised or manipulated findings.
Fox News Digital has asked the five agencies to provide a response.
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The committee pointed to a 2006 Alzheimer’s disease study, which helped popularize the so-called “amyloid hypothesis,” and was later revealed to have relied on fabricated data — yet the findings were used for years to justify research priorities and funding decisions at the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
According to the committee, NIH continued to fund research based on the faulty hypothesis for roughly 16 years, culminating in the approval of an experimental drug aimed at stabilizing amyloid proteins in the brain — before the underlying research was exposed as fraudulent.
Lawmakers warn the case illustrates how fake or manipulated studies can embed themselves into the scientific ecosystem, misdirecting funding, delaying legitimate breakthroughs, and eroding trust in federally supported research.
The committee requests briefings on how agencies plan to strengthen oversight and protect taxpayer-funded science from compromised or manipulated findings.(iStock)
The committee also cites massive retractions by major academic publishers as evidence that fraudulent research tied to paper-mill operations has already flooded Western journals.
In one example highlighted in the letters, Wiley, a prominent U.S. academic publisher, retracted more than 8,000 fabricated papers in 2023 alone after uncovering widespread manipulation linked to paper mills. The scandal ultimately forced the collapse of one of Wiley’s journal subsidiaries.
Lawmakers say the scale of the retractions underscores how paper mills have been able to exploit peer-review systems and push fake research into respected publications where it can be cited, relied upon, and reused long before problems are detected.
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Investigations cited by the committee estimate that individual paper mills can generate hundreds of fraudulent studies per year, and that hundreds of thousands of suspect papers worldwide may already be contaminating scientific databases.
Analyses of the scientific literature suggest that thousands of fake or suspicious papers have already entered legitimate journals, particularly in fields like biomedical research and engineering, undermining confidence in academic publishing and scientific credibility.
Lawmakers say the scale of the retractions underscores how paper mills have been able to exploit peer-review systems and push fake research into respected publications — where it can be cited, relied upon, and reused long before problems are detected.(Reuters)
In some cases, publishers have been forced to retract thousands of articles linked to suspected paper-mill activity, and entire journals have been shut down after fraud was uncovered.
Public trust in science and federal research institutions has already been shaken — a trend exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic — raising concerns that further revelations could deepen skepticism toward taxpayer-funded science.
The committee ties much of the paper-mill activity to Chinese Communist Party–linked academic incentives, arguing that China’s centralized “publish or perish” system has fueled demand for fabricated research.
According to sources cited in the letters, Chinese researchers face intense pressure to continually publish in order to secure jobs, promotions, and funding — a system that lawmakers say has encouraged widespread abuse, including ghostwriting, data fabrication, and the purchase of authorship slots.
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The letters cite surveys showing that nearly half of medical residents at some Chinese hospitals admitted to buying or selling papers or hiring ghostwriters, while other investigations found that Chinese institutions have historically offered large cash rewards for publication in elite Western journals.
Although Beijing announced reforms aimed at curbing cash-for-publication incentives, the committee argues those efforts have been poorly enforced and riddled with loopholes, allowing paper mills to continue operating at scale.
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