2026-04-28T17:19:23-04:00 / 福克斯新闻
根据《美国法典》第18篇第871条提出的指控需要证明犯罪意图，而科米的公开解释可能会让检方的工作变得复杂
作者：摩根·菲利普斯 福克斯新闻
发布于2026年4月28日美国东部时间下午5:19
针对前联邦调查局局长詹姆斯·科米的指控是否能在第一修正案的挑战中站得住脚，相关法律争议正在浮现，原因是他因一条被指与威胁总统唐纳德·特朗普有关的社交媒体帖子遭到起诉。
科米周二面临两项指控：一是违反《美国法典》第18篇第871条，该条款将威胁总统的行为定为刑事犯罪；二是违反《美国法典》第18篇第875条(c)款，该条款涵盖含有伤害他人威胁的跨州通讯。
乔治华盛顿大学法学教授乔纳森·特利在指控公布前告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，如果此案仅以科米发布的那张广为流传的图片为依据，那么将面临严重的宪法障碍。
“如果科米仅因这张贝壳图片遭到指控，那将在第一修正案下面临巨大挑战，”特利说道。“在我看来，这张图片本身显然属于受保护的言论。如果没有其他未知的事实或要素，它不太可能通过初步的宪法审查。”
詹姆斯·科米在司法部新调查中再次遭到起诉
两项法规都要求检方不仅要证明某一言论构成“真实威胁”，还要证明该言论是在知情且带有意图的情况下作出的。法律分析师表示，根据现有公开信息，要达到这些标准可能颇具难度。
起诉书于周二在北卡罗来纳州东区联邦法院提交，据称科米在一次海滩漫步时发布了一张由贝壳排列成数字“86 47”的图片。
也有人反驳称此案存在重大第一修正案争议的观点，认为针对现任总统的威胁显然不属于受保护的言论范畴。
“周六针对特朗普总统的第三次暗杀企图让这一点变得一清二楚：司法部必须起诉那些企图暗杀总统的人，”第三条项目创始人迈克·戴维斯说道。
“没有人拥有第一修正案权利去做这种事。没有人能凌驾于法律之上，尤其是一位本应更清楚这一点的前联邦调查局局长。詹姆斯·科米的同龄人组成的陪审团将决定他的命运。”
这番言论发表之际，白宫记者晚宴遭遇枪击事件后，外界对针对特朗普的威胁的担忧日益加剧。一名嫌疑人已被指控企图暗杀总统。
检方声称，“了解相关情况的合理接收者”会将该帖子解读为严肃表达伤害总统意图的内容，这表明他们将严重依赖信息背后的背景，而非仅仅依靠明确的语言。
北卡罗来纳州东区联邦检察官W.埃利斯·博伊尔将负责监督此案。博伊尔于2025年被任命，由当时的司法部长帕姆·邦迪提名，并由其父亲——该地区的一名资深联邦法官——主持宣誓就职。
法律争议正在浮现，即针对前联邦调查局局长詹姆斯·科米的预计指控是否能在第一修正案的挑战中站得住脚。(皮特·马罗维奇/彭博社)
此次起诉是特朗普第二届政府期间科米第二次遭到指控。
2025年，他曾因向国会作出虚假陈述以及妨碍国会程序遭到起诉，此事与他在联邦调查局俄罗斯调查中的证词有关。后来一名联邦法官裁定此案的检察官任命非法，该案件随即被驳回。
科米于2013年至2017年担任联邦调查局局长，长期以来一直是美国政坛极具争议的人物，因其在克林顿邮件调查以及联邦调查局对2016年选举俄罗斯干预及特朗普团队与莫斯科潜在关联的调查中的处理方式，遭到两党的批评。
2017年，在与俄罗斯调查相关的紧张局势升级之际，特朗普将他解雇。
社交媒体哗然：重新浮出水面的AG詹姆斯帖子反过来困扰她：“没有人能凌驾于法律之上”
预计的指控源于科米的一条社交媒体帖子，他在其中分享了一张贝壳排列成数字“86 47”的图片，一些批评者将其解读为针对特朗普的加密威胁。该帖子迅速引发反弹，并触发了一项调查。
詹姆斯·科米在Instagram上发布了一张自己站在海滩上的照片。(福克斯新闻)
前联邦调查局局长詹姆斯·科米出现在2025年10月8日弗吉尼亚州传讯时的法庭素描中。(达纳·韦克伦/未知来源)
科米后来表示，他并未打算让该图片被解读为呼吁暴力。
“我早些时候发布了一张我在海滩漫步时看到的一些贝壳的照片，我原本以为这是一条政治信息。我不知道有些人会将这些数字与暴力联系起来。我从未想过这一点，但我反对任何形式的暴力，所以我删除了该帖子。”
他的解释可能会让检方证明犯罪意图的工作变得复杂，而这正是两项法规要求的关键要素。
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Legal experts warn Comey ‘86 47’ indictment faces First Amendment hurdles
2026-04-28T17:19:23-04:00 / Fox News
Charges under 18 U.S.C. § 871 require proof of intent, and Comey’s public explanation could complicate matters for prosecutors
By Morgan Phillips Fox News
Published April 28, 2026 5:19pm EDT
Legal questions are emerging over whether charges against former FBI Director James Comey would withstand a First Amendment challenge as he is indicted for a social media post allegedly tied to threats against President Donald Trump.
Comey faced charges Tuesday under 18 U.S.C. § 871, which criminalizes threats against the president, and 18 U.S.C. § 875(c), which covers interstate communications containing threats to harm others.
George Washington University law professor Jonathan Turley told Fox News Digital just before the indictment was released that, if the case is based solely on the widely circulated image posted by Comey, it could face steep constitutional hurdles.
“If Comey is charged for the shell picture, it would face a monumental challenge under the First Amendment,” Turley said. “In my view, the image itself is clearly protected speech. Absent some other unknown facts or elements, it would be unlikely to survive a threshold constitutional challenge.”
JAMES COMEY INDICTED AGAIN IN NEW JUSTICE DEPARTMENT PROBE
Both statutes require prosecutors to prove not only that a statement constituted a “true threat,” but that it was made knowingly and with intent, standards that legal analysts say could prove difficult to meet based on publicly available information.
The indictment was filed Tuesday in the Eastern District of North Carolina, where Comey allegedly posted the image of seashells forming the numbers “86 47” during a beach walk.
Others pushed back on the idea that the case raises significant First Amendment concerns, arguing that threats against a sitting president fall squarely outside protected speech.
“The third assassination attempt against President Trump on Saturday made this crystal clear: The Justice Department must prosecute those who threaten to assassinate the president,” said Mike Davis, founder of the Article III Project.
“No one has a First Amendment right to do this. No one is above the law, especially not a former director of the FBI who should know better. A jury of James Comey’s peers will decide his fate.”
That argument comes amid heightened concerns about threats against Trump after a shooting at the White House Correspondents’ Dinner. A suspect has been charged with attempting to assassinate the president.
Prosecutors allege that the post would be interpreted by a “reasonable recipient familiar with the circumstances” as a serious expression of intent to harm the president, signaling they intend to rely heavily on context surrounding the message rather than explicit language alone.
The U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of North Carolina, W. Ellis Boyle, will oversee the case. Boyle was appointed in 2025 and sworn in by his father, a longtime federal judge in the district, after being selected for the role by then-Attorney General Pam Bondi.
Legal questions are emerging over whether expected charges against former FBI Director James Comey would withstand a First Amendment challenge.(Pete Marovich/Bloomberg)
The indictment marks the second time Comey has been charged during the second Trump administration.
In 2025, he was indicted on charges of making false statements to Congress and obstructing a congressional proceeding tied to his testimony in the FBI’s Russia probe. That case was later dismissed after a federal judge ruled the prosecutor in the case had been unlawfully appointed.
Comey, who served as FBI director from 2013 to 2017, has long been a polarizing figure in U.S. politics, drawing criticism from both parties over his handling of the Clinton email investigation and the FBI’s probe into Russian interference in the 2016 election and potential links between Trump’s campaign and Moscow.
He was fired by Trump in 2017 amid escalating tensions tied in part to the Russia investigation.
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The expected charges stem from a social media post in which Comey shared an image of seashells arranged to form the numbers “86 47,” which some critics interpreted as a coded threat against Trump. The post drew swift backlash and prompted an investigation.
James Comey posted a photo on Instagram showing him standing on a beach.(Fox News)
Former FBI Director James Comey appears in a courtroom sketch during his arraignment in Virginia Oct. 8, 2025.(Dana Verkouteren/Unknown)
Comey later said he did not intend the image to be interpreted as a call for violence.
“I posted earlier a picture of some shells I saw today on a beach walk, which I assumed were a political message. I didn’t realize some folks associate those numbers with violence. It never occurred to me but I oppose violence of any kind so I took the post down.”
His explanation could complicate prosecutors’ efforts to establish intent, a key element required under both statutes.
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Comey’s attorney could not immediately be reached for comment.
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