2026-04-27 17:35:23 UTC / 路透社
作者：约瑟夫·阿克斯
2026年4月27日 美国东部时间下午5:35 更新，距发布已过2小时
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2025年7月1日，美国佛罗里达州奥乔皮，佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯参观被非正式称为“短吻鳄恶魔岛”的临时移民拘留中心。路透社/伊夫林·霍克斯坦/档案照片 购买授权使用
（路透社4月27日电）佛罗里达州共和党州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯周一提出新的国会选区地图，旨在在11月的中期选举中拿下四个民主党掌控的美国众议院席位，进一步升级这场已在全美重塑数十个选区的跨州重划选区之战。
目前尚不清楚该地图在共和党掌控的州议会中是否获得足够支持得以通过。德桑蒂斯已召集议员于周二召开特别会议，审议其提案。
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德桑蒂斯首先向福克斯新闻披露的这份新地图，有望让共和党在该州28个众议院席位中占据24席，而当前共和党仅以20比8占据多数。
共和党若想保住众议院多数席位，11月的选举中最多只能输掉两个席位。若民主党掌控众议院，可能会启动针对唐纳德·特朗普总统政府的调查，并阻挠其立法议程。
上周，弗吉尼亚州选民以微弱优势通过了民主党支持的选区地图，该地图瞄准了该州四名共和党在任议员。共和党已提起多起诉讼，质疑该投票提案的合法性，弗吉尼亚州最高法院周一就其中一起案件听取了辩论。
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佛罗里达州任何成功的重划选区行动都可能面临法律挑战。2010年，该州选民通过了一项宪法修正案，明确禁止议员为政治私利划分选区边界，这种做法被称为“杰里曼德”（选区操纵）。
佛罗里达州有少数共和党人表达担忧，称激进的重划行动可能会让部分在任议员在民主党浪潮之年陷入被动。自特朗普2025年1月就职以来，民主党在数十场选举中的得票率一直高于2024年的水平。
弗吉尼亚州和佛罗里达州可能是特朗普去年夏天发起的重划选区之战的最后战场。去年夏天，特朗普成功敦促得克萨斯州共和党人推出新的选区地图，瞄准了五名民主党在任议员。
尽管共和党在全国范围内似乎占据重划选区的优势，但民主党已设法反击，双方基本势均力敌，最终结果取决于弗吉尼亚州和佛罗里达州的投票结果。
重划选区通常每十年进行一次，以适应美国人口普查后的人口变化。特朗普的这一举措引发了前所未有的十年中期重划周期，迅速蔓延至包括共和党和民主党掌控在内的十多个州。
美国最高法院预计将于夏季公布一项投票权相关裁决，该裁决可能会允许共和党掌控的南方州进一步重划少数族裔人口占比高的民主党席位。但任何裁决都可能为时已晚，无法对今年的中期选举产生重大影响。
约瑟夫·阿克斯报道
比尔·伯克罗特编辑
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Florida’s DeSantis proposes new US House map targeting four Democratic seats
2026-04-27 17:35:23 UTC / Reuters
By Joseph Ax
April 27, 2026 5:35 PM UTC Updated 2 hours ago
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Florida Governor Ron DeSantis visits a temporary migrant detention center informally known as “Alligator Alcatraz” in Ochopee, Florida, U.S., July 1, 2025. REUTERS/Evelyn Hockstein/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights
April 27 (Reuters) – Republican Florida Governor Ron DeSantis proposed a new congressional map on Monday aimed at flipping four Democratic U.S. House of Representatives seats in November’s midterm election, further escalating a coast-to-coast redistricting war that has already reshaped dozens of districts nationwide.
It remains unclear whether the map has enough support in the Republican-controlled state legislature to pass. DeSantis has called lawmakers to convene a special session starting on Tuesday to consider his plan.
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The map, which DeSantis first shared with Fox News, would likely give Republicans 24 of the state’s 28 U.S. House seats, up from its current 20-8 majority.
Republicans can afford to lose only two House seats in November’s election to retain a majority. A Democratic-led House could initiate investigations into President Donald Trump’s administration while blocking his legislative agenda.
Last week in Virginia, voters narrowly approved a Democratic-backed map that targets four Republican incumbents there. Republicans have filed several lawsuits challenging the validity of the ballot measure, and the Virginia Supreme Court on Monday heard arguments in one of those cases.
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Any successful redistricting in Florida would likely face its own legal challenges. In 2010, voters approved a constitutional amendment explicitly banning lawmakers from drawing district lines for political gain, a practice known as gerrymandering.
A handful of Florida Republicans have expressed concern that an aggressive redrawing could leave some incumbents vulnerable in a Democratic wave year. Democrats have consistently outperformed their 2024 margins in dozens of elections since Trump took office in January 2025.
Virginia and Florida represent what are likely the final battlegrounds in the redistricting war that Trump initiated last summer, when he successfully urged Texas Republicans to install a new map that targeted five Democratic incumbents.
While Republicans appeared to hold the redistricting advantage nationwide, Democrats have managed to fight back to a near-draw, depending on the final outcomes in Virginia and Florida.
Redistricting typically occurs after the end of each decade to account for population shifts in the U.S. Census. Trump’s gambit set off an unprecedented mid-decade cycle that quickly spread to a dozen states, both those controlled by Republicans and by Democrats.
The U.S. Supreme Court is expected to issue a voting rights decision by summer that could allow Republican-led Southern states to redraw additional Democratic seats with large minority populations. But any ruling may be too late to have a significant impact on this year’s midterms.
Reporting by Joseph Ax Editing by Bill Berkrot
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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