2026-04-24T12:00:46.35Z / 路透社
作者：贾勒特·伦肖
2026年4月24日 美国东部时间中午12:00 更新于3小时前
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2026年3月18日，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普宣布对琼斯法案航运法给予60天豁免后，悬挂巴拿马国旗的油化船“利尻银河号”（左）停靠在得克萨斯州城码头，毗邻马拉松石油加尔维斯顿湾炼油厂。路透社/安特拉尼克… 购买授权，打开新标签页查看更多
- 摘要
- 将外国船只运输美国关键大宗商品的期限延长
- 凸显围绕琼斯法案航运规则与成本的持续分歧
- 此次豁免延长正值与伊朗冲突相关的全球能源市场持续动荡之际
4月24日（路透社）——白宫周五表示，总统唐纳德·特朗普将一项航运豁免的期限延长90天，此举将使美国国内的石油、燃料和化肥运输更加便捷。这是特朗普为抑制与伊朗战争相关的不断上涨的能源成本而采取的最新举措。
此举反映了白宫的更广泛努力：在11月中期选举前平抑政治敏感度极高的燃油价格飙升问题，而经济负担能力预计将成为选民关注的核心议题。近期民调显示，特朗普及其共和党在经济议题上的支持率有所下滑——经济原本是共和党的核心政治优势——民众对其经济施政的认可度大幅下降，汽油价格上涨也严重影响了公众情绪。
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此次豁免将原本定于5月17日到期的现有期限延长约三个月，允许悬挂外国国旗的船只在8月中旬前在美国各港口之间运输大宗商品。
白宫发言人泰勒·罗杰斯周五证实，特朗普已签署该延长令。
罗杰斯表示：“此次豁免延长为美国和全球经济提供了确定性与稳定性。”
一位白宫官员称，美国政府在豁免到期前三周启动延长程序，以便为航运业留出充足时间，确保有足够船只将相关物资运至需求地。
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长期以来，琼斯法案一直是相互竞争的经济与国家安全优先事项之间的焦点争议。包括美国造船商、海事工会和部分议员在内的支持者认为，该法案对于维持国内航运业和商船队至关重要，而这些运力可支持军事后勤与国家安全。
但包括能源生产商、炼油厂和农业团体在内的批评者称，强制使用美国建造和船员配备的船只的规定大幅推高了航运成本，限制了运力，尤其是在供应链中断期间，进而推高了燃油和其他商品的价格。
美国海事合作组织主席詹妮弗·卡彭特表示：“此次延长本就史无前例漫长且无效的琼斯法案豁免，不仅是对数十万每日将国家放在首位的辛勤美国劳动者的冒犯，也破坏了特朗普总统恢复美国海事主导地位的议程。”
在美国和以色列主导的对伊朗战争引发全球能源冲击的背景下，此次行动是特朗普为抑制高企的燃油价格、缓解日益严重的供应担忧而采取的多项举措之一。
特朗普曾表示，一旦伊朗冲突平息，原油和汽油价格可能会下跌，但分析师警告称，即使敌对行动结束，成本仍可能维持高位，因为供应中断、航运成本上升和持续存在的地缘政治风险溢价将继续波及全球能源市场。
贾勒特·伦肖报道，威廉·麦克莱恩、托马斯·亚诺夫斯基和安德里亚·里奇编辑
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Trump grants 90-day Jones Act waiver extension to curb energy costs
2026-04-24T12:00:46.35Z / Reuters
By Jarrett Renshaw
April 24, 2026 12:00 PM UTC Updated 3 hours ago
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The Rishiri Galaxy, an oil and chemical tanker sailing under the flag of Panama, at left, is docked at the Texas City docks next to the Marathon Galveston Bay Refinery shortly after U.S. President Donald Trump announced a 60-day waiver of the Jones Act shipping law, in Texas City, Texas, U.S. March 18, 2026. REUTERS/Antranik… Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tabRead more
- Summary
- Extends time for foreign vessels to move key US commodities
- Highlights ongoing split over Jones Act shipping rules and costs
- Comes amid continued volatility in global energy markets tied to the Iran conflict
April 24 (Reuters) – President Donald Trump granted a 90-day extension to a shipping waiver that makes it easier to move oil, fuel and fertilizer around the United States, the White House said on Friday, the latest effort to curb rising energy costs linked to the war with Iran.
The move reflects a broader push by the White House to dampen politically sensitive fuel price spikes ahead of November’s midterm elections, where affordability is expected to be a defining issue for voters. Recent polling shows Trump and Republicans losing ground on the economy — once a core political strength — with approval of his economic handling falling sharply and rising gasoline prices weighing heavily on public sentiment.
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The decision adds roughly three months to the existing waiver that was set to expire on May 17, enabling foreign-flagged vessels to move commodities between U.S. ports through mid-August.
White House spokeswoman Taylor Rogers confirmed on Friday that Trump had issued the extension.
“This waiver extension provides both certainty and stability for the U.S. and global economies,” Rogers said.
The administration is taking the step of extending the waiver three weeks before its expiration to allow ample time for the maritime industry to ensure sufficient vessels are available to keep moving applicable goods to where they are needed, a White House official said.
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The Jones Act has long been a flashpoint between competing economic and national security priorities. Supporters, including U.S. shipbuilders, maritime unions and some lawmakers, argue the law is critical to maintaining a domestic shipping industry and merchant marine that can support military logistics and national security.
But critics — including energy producers, refiners and agricultural groups — say the requirement to use U.S.-built and -crewed vessels sharply raises shipping costs and limits capacity, particularly during disruptions, driving up prices for fuel and other goods.
“This extension of an already historically long and ineffective Jones Act waiver is not only an affront to hundreds of thousands of hardworking Americans who put this country first every single day, it sabotages President Trump’s agenda to restore American maritime dominance,” said Jennifer Carpenter, president of the American Maritime Partnership.
The action is one of several steps Trump has taken to blunt elevated fuel prices and address growing supply concerns, as the U.S.- and Israeli-led war against Iran has triggered a global energy shock.
Trump has said crude and gasoline prices are likely to fall once the Iran conflict subsides, but analysts caution that costs could remain elevated even after hostilities end, as supply disruptions, higher shipping costs and a lingering geopolitical risk premium continue to ripple through global energy markets.
Reporting by Jarrett Renshaw, Editing by William Maclean, Tomasz Janowski and Andrea Ricci
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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