2026年4月17日 美国东部时间下午3:16 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
华盛顿讯——一名联邦法官周五驳回了美国司法部迫使罗德岛州交出敏感选民信息的请求，这对特朗普政府获取州选民登记名单的尝试又是一次打击。
由特朗普总统首届任期内任命的美国地区法官玛丽·麦克尔罗伊批准了罗德岛州官员提出的请求，驳回了司法部要求该州交出未脱敏选民名册的诉讼。该名册包含已登记投票居民的个人信息。
麦克尔罗伊在一份长达14页的判决书中写道，司法部的这一行为是一场“钓鱼执法”，未获得联邦选举法律的授权。她同时驳回了特朗普政府要求罗德岛州务卿格雷格·阿莫尔移交选民数据的动议。
阿莫尔在一份声明中对这一判决表示欢迎，并表示这证实了罗德岛州的立场：司法部无权获取该州的私人选民信息。
“选民名单维护是托付给各州的职责，我对我们罗德岛州为尽可能保持名单准确所采取的措施充满信心，”他说。“行政部门似乎毫不介意采取明显违反宪法的越权行为，经常干涉属于各州权利范围内的职责。但我们这个建立在三个平等分权部门之上的民主共和国的力量，比以往任何时候都更加清晰。当特朗普政府试图凌驾于其他部门之上，侵犯罗德岛州选民的权利时，我们会提出抗议。而法院将维护法治。”
罗德岛州这起案件的驳回，标志着司法部在获取州选民登记名单的努力中遭遇的第五次失败。此前，法官们还驳回了司法部向加利福尼亚州、俄勒冈州、密歇根州和马萨诸塞州索要选民登记信息的诉讼。
此前，已有30个州和哥伦比亚特区的官员拒绝交出包含选民姓名、出生日期、驾照号码和部分社保号码的选民名册，司法部因此对这些地区提起诉讼。
特朗普政府声称，需要这些信息来确保各州遵守两项联邦法律，这两项法律要求各州努力维护准确的选民登记名单：《全国选民登记法》和《帮助美国投票法》。
但法官麦克尔罗伊在判决书中写道，政府对罗德岛州选民数据的要求缺乏“任何事实指控”，以表明该州可能违反了维护选民登记名单的相关规定。她表示，司法部“在司法部长的要求中 stated 的目的——据称是为了确保遵守《全国选民登记法》和《帮助美国投票法》——与个人投票权并无合理关联”。
司法部于去年9月首次索要罗德岛州的选民登记名单。作为回应，阿莫尔提出向司法部提供该州公开可用的选民名单副本，但拒绝交出未脱敏的信息。他辩称这些数据属于隐私信息，并表示司法部援引的联邦法律并未授权其索要该州的选民名册。
司法部此前并未承认打算将从各州获取的选民信息共享给国土安全部，用于移民和执法目的。但哥伦比亚广播公司新闻上个月报道称，司法部和国土安全部就数据共享方式即将达成协议，随后一名政府律师向罗德岛州法院承认，计划将这些信息放入国土安全部的数据库中进行比对，以确认是否有非公民登记投票。
特朗普先生经常声称非公民正在美国选举中投票，尽管这种行为属于联邦犯罪，且非公民投票的情况极为罕见。他推动参议院通过一项名为《拯救美国法案》的立法，该法案将要求美国人在联邦选举中登记投票时亲自出示公民身份证明，并实施投票照片身份证要求。众议院已于2月通过了该法案，但不太可能在共和党占多数的参议院获得通过，因为大多数立法需要60票才能推进。
特朗普先生去年还签署了一项行政命令，除其他改革外，要求提供公民身份证明文件才能登记投票，但该指令的关键部分已被法院叫停。
特朗普签署行政令限制邮寄投票
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/trump-signs-executive-order-to-limit-mail-in-voting/
特朗普签署行政令限制邮寄投票
（时长01:48）
Judge rejects Justice Department effort to get sensitive voter information from Rhode Island
2026-04-17 3:16 PM EDT / CBS News
Washington — A federal judge on Friday rejected the Justice Department’s effort to force Rhode Island to turn over sensitive voter information, dealing another blow to the Trump administration’s attempts to gain access to state voter registration lists.
U.S. District Judge Mary McElroy, who was appointed by President Trump in his first term, granted a request from Rhode Island officials to dismiss a Justice Department lawsuit that sought the state’s unredacted voter rolls, which contain personal information about residents registered to vote.
McElroy wrote in a 14-page decision that the Justice Department’s effort was a “fishing expedition” that was not authorized by federal election laws. She also denied a motion from the Trump administration that sought to force Rhode Island Secretary of State Gregg Amore to hand over the voter data.
Amore cheered the decision in a statement and said it affirms the state’s position that the Justice Department has no legal right to the state’s private voter information.
“Voter list maintenance is a responsibility entrusted to the states, and I remain confident in the steps we take here in Rhode Island to keep our list as accurate as possible,” he said. “The executive branch seems to have no problem taking actions that are clear Constitutional overreaches, regularly meddling in responsibilities that are the rights of the states. But the power of our democratic republic, built on three, coequal branches of government, is clearer than ever before. When the Trump Administration tries to act superior to those other branches to violate the rights of Rhode Island voters, we will challenge it. And the courts will uphold the rule of law.”
The dismissal of the case in Rhode Island marks the fifth loss for the Justice Department in its efforts to access state voter registration lists. Judges have also dismissed lawsuits seeking voter registration information from California, Oregon, Michigan and Massachusetts.
The Justice Department has sued 30 states and the District of Columbia after officials in those places refused to hand over their voter rolls, which contain names, birth dates, drivers’ license numbers and partial Social Security numbers.
The Trump administration has claimed it needs that information in order to ensure states are complying with two federal laws that require states to undertake efforts to maintain accurate voter registration lists: the National Voter Registration Act and the Help America Vote Act.
But McElroy, the judge, wrote in her decision that the government’s demand for Rhode Island’s voter data lacked “any factual allegations” suggesting that the state may be violating requirements for maintaining voter registration lists. The Justice Department’s “purpose stated in the Attorney General’s demand — purportedly, to ensure compliance with the NVRA and HAVA — does not plausibly relate to individual voting rights,” she said.
The Justice Department first sought Rhode Island’s voter registration list in September. In response to the request, Amore offered to give the government a copy of the state’s publicly available list, but declined to turn over the unredacted information. He argued that the data was private and said federal laws cited by the Justice Department did not authorize the demand for the state’s voter rolls.
The Justice Department had not previously acknowledged that it intends to provide voter information from the states to the Department of Homeland Security for immigration and law enforcement purposes. But CBS News reported last month that the Departments of Justice and Homeland Security were close to an arrangement on how the data would be shared, and a government lawyer then acknowledged to the Rhode Island court plans to share the information so it can be run through a Homeland Security database to see if noncitizens are registered to vote.
Mr. Trump often claims that noncitizens are voting in U.S. elections, even though it is a federal crime to do so and instances of noncitizen voting are rare. He has pushed the Senate to pass legislation, called the SAVE America Act, which would require Americans to show proof of citizenship in-person to register to vote in federal elections and implement photo ID requirements for voting. The House approved the plan in February, but it is unlikely to clear the GOP-led Senate, where most legislation requires 60 votes to advance.
Mr. Trump also signed an executive order last year that would require documentary proof of citizenship to register to vote, among other changes, but key parts of the directive have been blocked by the courts.
Trump signs order to limit mail-in voting
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/trump-signs-executive-order-to-limit-mail-in-voting/
Trump signs executive order to limit mail-in voting
(01:48)
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