2026-04-09T21:50:06.735Z / 路透社
朱莉·斯滕休森 撰稿
2026年4月9日 晚上9:50 UTC 更新于2小时前
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2026年2月23日，美国卫生与公众服务部部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪在华盛顿特区的卫生与公众服务部总部举行的新闻发布会上，就批准个体化药物和生物疗法的新指导方针发表讲话。路透社/内森·霍华德/档案照片
- 内容摘要
- 新章程扩大委员会成员范围，纳入毒理学、数据科学等更广泛专业背景
- 批评者称此举削弱了专业资质要求，并吸纳了持反疫苗观点的团体
- 卫生与公众服务部表示章程更新属于常规操作，但部分专家警告此举将加剧政治化
芝加哥4月9日（路透社）——美国卫生部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪周四为美国疾控中心（CDC）的疫苗咨询委员会发布新章程，扩大该委员会的职权范围，使其聚焦疫苗风险以及所谓的疫苗安全证据空白。
这份于3月31日由肯尼迪签署、周四正式公布的章程，恰逢上月一项联邦法院裁决认定肯尼迪领导的疫苗咨询委员会此前多数成员资质不合格，并暂停了他们的相关决定。
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美国免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）负责就疫苗使用事宜向美国疾控中心提供建议，此前一直是肯尼迪重塑美国疫苗政策的关键工具。
在3月16日的一项裁决中，波士顿联邦地区法院法官布莱恩·墨菲认定，作为反疫苗活动人士的肯尼迪去年移除了委员会原有的17名独立专家，并任命了多名与他持相同有争议疫苗观点的新成员后，ACIP的重组程序非法。
新章程将委员会潜在成员的资质标准，从仅具备疫苗使用和免疫实践研究方面的专业知识，扩展至专门纳入毒理学、数据科学以及“具备疫苗安全性和有效性评估专业能力”的人士。
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加州大学旧金山分校法学院专注于疫苗政策研究的法学教授多里特·赖斯表示，新章程削弱了专业资质要求，仅要求成员具备“相关知识”，这可能让法官更难要求委员会成员具备专业背景。
新章程还指定了四个新的非投票联络机构加入委员会，包括美国医师与外科医生协会、独立医疗联盟以及知情同意医师组织——这些团体均表达过反疫苗观点。
新增的联络机构还包括为自闭症儿童发声的医学儿科与特殊需求学院。肯尼迪长期声称儿童疫苗会导致自闭症，这与数十项证明疫苗安全的科学研究结论相悖。
周一，由肯尼迪领导的美国卫生与公众服务部发布通知，称将出台新章程，扩大可加入该委员会的专业人员范围。该委员会的建议将影响疫苗的使用和保险覆盖范围，包括美国儿童免疫接种计划。
卫生与公众服务部发言人安德鲁·尼克松表示，ACIP章程的更新和公布“属于常规法定要求，并不意味着任何更广泛的政策转向”。
美国疾控中心国家新兴和人畜共患传染病中心前主任丹尼尔·杰尼根表示，新章程将更便于重组委员会，并“进一步将委员会会议上的讨论政治化”。
杰尼根是去年8月为抗议肯尼迪的疫苗政策而离职的三名疾控中心高级官员之一。
美国儿科学会的首席法律顾问理查德·休斯四世是起诉肯尼迪疫苗政策的团队负责人，他表示现在判断该协会是否会对新章程提出质疑还为时过早。他说：“真正要看的是他们将如何重组委员会。”
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Kennedy broadens vaccine advisory panel’s role to focus on risks
2026-04-09T21:50:06.735Z / Reuters
By Julie Steenhuysen
April 9, 2026 9:50 PM UTC Updated 2 hours ago
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Secretary of Health and Human Services Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., speaks about new guidance for approving individualized drug and biological therapies during a press conference at the Health and Human Services headquarters in Washington, D.C., U.S., February 23, 2026. REUTERS/ Nathan Howard/File Photo
- Summary
- New charter expands panel to include broader expertise, including toxicology and data science
- Critics say changes weaken expertise requirements and add groups with anti-vaccine views
- HHS says charter renewal is routine, but some experts warn of increased politicization
CHICAGO, April 9 (Reuters) – U.S. Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. on Thursday issued a new charter for a CDC vaccine advisory committee that expands the role of the panel to include a focus on vaccine risks and supposed gaps in vaccine safety evidence.
The charter, signed by Kennedy on March 31 and posted on Thursday, follows a federal court ruling last month that declared most prior members of Kennedy’s vaccine panel unqualified, and put their decisions on hold.
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The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, which advises the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on the use of vaccines, had been a key tool in Kennedy’s efforts to reshape U.S. vaccine policy.
In a March 16 decision, Boston-based U.S. District Judge Brian Murphy concluded that ACIP had been unlawfully reconstituted after Kennedy, an anti-vaccine activist, last year removed all 17 independent experts who previously served on the panel and named several new members who share many of his controversial vaccine views.
The new charter broadens the membership criteria of potential panelists beyond those with expertise in the use and research of vaccines and immunization practices, specifically adding toxicology, data science and those with “expertise in the assessment of vaccine safety and efficacy.”
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Dorit Reiss, a professor of law at UC Law San Francisco who focuses on vaccine policy, said the new charter weakens the expertise requirement, requiring members to be “knowledgeable,” which could make it harder for judges to demand expertise.
It also names four new organizations to serve as non-voting liaisons to the committee including the Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, the Independent Medical Alliance and Physicians for Informed Consent – groups that have expressed anti-vaccine views.
It also includes the Medical Academy of Pediatrics and Special Needs, which advocates for children with autism. Kennedy has long contended that childhood vaccines cause autism, contrary to decades of science showing them to be safe.
On Monday, the Department of Health and Human Services led by Kennedy published a notice indicating that a new charter was coming that would broaden the list of expertise for individuals who could serve on that panel, which makes recommendations impacting the use and insurance coverage of vaccines, including the U.S. childhood immunization schedule.
HHS spokesman Andrew Nixon said the ACIP charter renewal and its publication “are routine statutory requirements and do not signal any broader policy shift.”
Daniel Jernigan, former director of the CDC’s National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, said the new charter will make it easier to reconstitute the committee and “further politicizes the discussion at the meeting.”
Jernigan was one of three senior CDC leaders who left the agency in August in protest over Kennedy’s vaccine policies.
Richard Hughes IV, lead counsel for the American Academy of Pediatrics, which brought the suit against Kennedy’s vaccine policies, said it was premature to say whether the group would challenge the new charter. “It really remains to be seen how they reconstitute the committee,” he said.
Reporting by Julie Steenhuysen in Chigago; Editing by Bill Berkrot
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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