2026-04-09T19:25:46.847Z / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
作者：卡安妮塔·艾耶（Kaanita Iyer）
34分钟前发布
发布于 2026年4月9日，美国东部时间下午3:25
国会新闻
2025年6月，在华盛顿特区的重新入伍仪式上，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普主持美军士兵宣誓。安德鲁·哈尼克/盖蒂图片社/档案照片
作为去年年底国会签署生效的年度国防政策法案中的一项条款，符合条件的年轻男性将从12月起自动纳入兵役储备池。
18至26岁的男性原本就必须登记选择性兵役登记，以防需要启动征兵。美国上一次实行征兵还是在1973年2月越南战争期间。
根据美国选择性兵役系统（SSS）2024年的报告，目前已有46个州和地区实施了自动登记制度。该机构上月末向信息与监管事务办公室提交了一项规则提案，以在全国范围内推行这一做法。
这项全国性措施与当前的伊朗战争毫无关联，而是在两国爆发当前冲突数月前就获得两党支持通过的。不过特朗普政府拒绝排除向伊朗部署地面部队的可能性，而这场战争也让征兵政策重新受到关注。
美国有线电视新闻网已联系选择性兵役系统，询问有关这项拟议规则的更多信息。
以下是你需要了解的关于自动选择性兵役登记的内容。
谁将被登记？具体流程是怎样的？
根据去年12月由唐纳德·特朗普总统签署生效的《国防授权法案》，自动登记制度将适用于美国男性公民以及境内所有18至26岁的其他男性人员。
强制登记的对象还包括绿卡持有者、难民、寻求庇护者以及非法入境男性。持有非移民签证的男性可豁免登记。
目前在尚未实施自动登记的州，男性必须“在年满18岁后的30天内”完成登记，据选择性兵役系统官网显示，该机构“接受在年满26岁前完成的延迟登记”。
未进行选择性兵役登记属于重罪，可能导致失去部分福利，如部分学生贷款和联邦工作机会。这同时也违反了《军事选择性服役法案》，最高可被判处五年监禁和25万美元罚款。
亚利桑那州、特拉华州以及华盛顿特区等地区会在符合条件的男性申请驾照或其他州政府身份证件时自动为其完成兵役登记。而在纽约州，驾照申请表格中会包含一个板块，允许符合条件的男性自愿登记选择性兵役。
根据选择性兵役系统2023年的报告，超过60%的兵役登记来自各州机动车管理部门。
提出自动兵役登记条款的民主党众议员克里斯蒂·胡拉汉（Chrissy Houlahan）在一份声明中告诉CNN：“实现自动登记，不仅无需投入广告宣传以节省纳税人资金，还最终确保年轻男性不会在不知情的情况下受到处罚。”
胡拉汉在声明中强调，这项措施获得了两党支持。
《国防授权法案》在众议院和参议院均以两党投票结果通过。
若启动征兵会发生什么？
在任何征兵行动启动前，国会必须先批准征兵决议。而且并非所有登记男性都会被征召入伍。征兵将通过抽签方式进行，生日和编号将被随机抽取。
20岁生日处于征兵年份的人员将最先收到入伍命令，随后按顺序依次为：21岁、22岁、23岁、24岁、25岁、19岁，以及年满18岁超过六个月的人员。
被选中的人员可以申请豁免或延期。据选择性兵役系统介绍，剩余人员将随后接受“身体、心理和道德评估”，通过评估证明适合服役者将被征召入伍。
Automatic military draft registration takes effect in December. Here’s how it would work
2026-04-09T19:25:46.847Z / CNN
By Kaanita Iyer
34 min ago
PUBLISHED Apr 9, 2026, 3:25 PM ET
Congressional news
US Army soldiers raise their right hands as President Donald Trump conducts during a re-enlistment ceremony in Washington, DC, in June 2025.
Andrew Harnik/Getty Images/File
Young, eligible men will be automatically registered for the military draft pool starting in December as part of a measure tucked into the annual defense policy bill Congress signed into law late last year.
Men ages 18 to 26 must already register for selective service in case a draft is required. The last time a draft was in effect was February 1973, during the Vietnam War.
Automatic registration is already in place in 46 states and territories, according to the Selective Service System’s 2024 report. The SSS proposed a rule to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs late last month to implement the practice nationwide.
The nationwide measure has no connection to the ongoing war with Iran and was passed with bipartisan support months before the current conflict with the country. But the Trump administration has declined to rule out the possibility of putting US troops on the ground, and the war has led to renewed attention on the draft policy.
CNN has reached out to the Selective Service for more information about the proposed rule.
Here’s what you need to know about automatic Selective Service registration.
Who will be registered and how will it work?
According to the National Defense Authorization Act, which President Donald Trump signed into law in December, the automatic registration will apply to male US citizens and “every other male person” in the country between the ages of 18 and 26.
The mandatory registration applies to green-card holders, refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented men. Those on a nonimmigrant visas are exempt.
Currently, in states that haven’t enacted automatic registration, men must register “within 30 days of (their) 18th birthday,” according to the SSS website. The agency “accepts late registrations up until” a man’s 26th birthday.
It is a felony to not register for selective service and can result in the loss of certain benefits, like some student loans and federal jobs. It’s also a violation of the Military Selective Service Act, which could lead to imprisonment up to five years and a fine of up to $250,000.
Some places, like Arizona and Delaware, and Washington, DC, automatically register eligible men when they apply for driver’s license or another form of state identification. Meanwhile, in New York, the application for driver’s license includes a section that allows eligible men to register for selective service.
According to the SSS’ 2023 report, over 60% of registration came from state motor vehicle departments.
Democratic Rep. Chrissy Houlahan, who sponsored the automatic selective service language, told CNN in a statement, “Making registration automatic, not only saves taxpayer dollars by eliminating the need to advertise but finally ensures that young men are not unknowingly penalized.”
In the statement, Houlahan stressed that the measure has bipartisan support.
The NDAA passed with bipartisan votes in the House and Senate.
What happens in a draft?
Congress would have to approve of a draft before one ever took place. And not all registered men would be enlisted to serve. There would be a lottery, in which birthdays and numbers are randomly chosen.
People whose 20th birthdays fall in the year of the draft would be the first to get induction orders, followed, in order, by the following age groups: 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 19 and those who are more than six months past their 18th birthday.
People who are selected would be allowed to make a request for exemption or deferment. All men remaining would then go through “physical, mental, and moral evaluation” and those who demonstrate that they are fit to serve will be selected for service, according to SSS.
发表回复