2026-04-06T23:11:07.379Z / 路透社
作者：卡尼什卡·辛格
2026年4月6日 世界标准时间23:11 更新于3分钟前
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2025年7月1日，美国佛罗里达州奥乔皮，佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯参观被非正式称为“鳄鱼恶魔岛”的临时移民拘留中心。路透社/伊夫林·霍克斯坦 购买授权
- 内容摘要
- 德桑蒂斯于周一签署该法案
- 言论自由与穆斯林维权组织反对该法案
- 德桑蒂斯称该法案为打击极端主义的框架
华盛顿4月6日电（路透社）——佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯签署一项法案，赋予他本人及其他州官员将某些组织认定为“恐怖组织”并驱逐支持该组织的学生的权力，而人权组织称该法案将压制言论自由。
该法案授权该州国土安全局局长、州长及内阁成员，将他们认定实施极端主义行为的任何组织列为“恐怖组织”。
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根据该立法，在被认定为恐怖组织后，该团体可被强制解散，并面临州级资金冻结。法案同时规定，学生若“宣扬国内恐怖组织或外国恐怖组织”，将被所在院校开除。
共和党人德桑蒂斯于周一签署了该法案。
美国伊斯兰关系理事会是美国最具影响力的穆斯林维权组织之一，在周一的一份声明中称该法案“严苛且违宪”。
去年年底，德桑蒂斯签署行政命令，将美国伊斯兰关系理事会认定为“外国恐怖组织”。该组织就此提起诉讼，一名法官最终叫停了该行政命令。
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言论自由组织美国笔会表示，德桑蒂斯签署的这项法案“可能会空前地向个人施压，使其避免表达、组织活动或接触某些观点，从而压制言论自由”。
去年11月，德克萨斯州也将美国伊斯兰关系理事会认定为“恐怖组织”，称该维权组织与极端分子存在关联。该组织同样就此提起诉讼，并否认相关指控。
芝加哥大学法律学者达里尔·李与斯坦福法学院教授希林·西纳尔在今年2月的联合评论文章中表示，德克萨斯州与佛罗里达州推行此类认定措施“可能为更广泛的威权主义形式奠定基础”。
共和党籍总统唐纳德·特朗普政府以及部分共和党主政的州，已针对被他们贴上极端主义、反犹主义和反美标签的左翼组织及支持巴勒斯坦的团体展开打击行动。
这些团体驳斥相关指控，称此类打击行动违反了言论自由与正当程序。他们还表示，这些州与特朗普政府将支持巴勒斯坦的维权行动与支持极端主义混为一谈，将对美国盟友以色列袭击加沙及其占领巴勒斯坦领土的批评等同于反犹主义。
特朗普试图驱逐部分抗议者并冻结举办抗议活动的大学的资金，但此举遭遇了司法阻碍。
美国笔会佛罗里达州主任威廉·约翰逊表示，佛罗里达州的这项法案“为佛罗里达州学生因受宪法保护的言论而面临惩罚打开了大门”。
德桑蒂斯将该法案称为打击极端主义并在教育体系中落实问责制的框架。
卡尼什卡·辛格在华盛顿报道；奥罗拉·埃利斯编辑
我们的准则：汤姆森路透社信任原则
Florida governor signs ‘terrorist’ designation law, raises free speech and due process concerns
2026-04-06T23:11:07.379Z / Reuters
By Kanishka Singh
April 6, 2026 11:11 PM UTC Updated 3 mins ago
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Florida Governor Ron DeSantis visits a temporary migrant detention center informally known as “Alligator Alcatraz” in Ochopee, Florida, U.S., July 1, 2025. REUTERS/Evelyn Hockstein Purchase Licensing Rights
- Summary
- DeSantis signed the measure into law on Monday
- Free speech and Muslim advocacy groups oppose the law
- DeSantis cast it as framework to combat extremism
WASHINGTON, April 6 (Reuters) – Florida Governor Ron DeSantis signed into law a measure that gave him and other state officials the power to designate groups as “terrorist organizations” and expel students who support them, with rights groups saying the law will chill free speech.
The law empowers the state’s chief of domestic security, governor and cabinet to designate any organization they determine engages in extremist acts as a “terrorist organization.”
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After such a designation, the group can be forcibly dissolved and face a freeze on state funding, according to the legislation. It also says that students shall be expelled from their institution if they “promoted a domestic terrorist organization or a foreign terrorist organization.”
DeSantis, a Republican, signed the law on Monday.
The Council on American-Islamic Relations, one of the country’s most prominent Muslim rights groups, called the law “draconian” and unconstitutional in a Monday statement.
Late last year, DeSantis signed an executive order designating CAIR as a “foreign terrorist organization.” CAIR sued over the designation and a judge eventually blocked the order.
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Free speech group PEN America says the measure signed by DeSantis “could chill free speech by placing unprecedented pressure on individuals to avoid speaking, organizing, or engaging with certain viewpoints.”
In November, Texas also designated CAIR as a “terrorist organization,” alleging the rights group had ties to extremists. CAIR sued over that designation as well and dismissed the claims.
Darryl Li, a legal scholar at the University of Chicago, and Shirin Sinnar, a professor of law at Stanford Law School, said in a joint piece in February that efforts by Texas and Florida towards such designations “could lay the groundwork for even more sweeping forms of authoritarianism.”
Republican President Donald Trump’s administration and some Republican-governed states have cracked down against left-leaning organizations and pro-Palestinian groups that they cast as extremist, antisemitic and anti-American.
Those groups dismiss the allegations and say the crackdown violates free speech and due process. They also say that those states and the Trump administration conflate pro-Palestinian advocacy with support for extremism, and criticism of U.S. ally Israel’s assault on Gaza and its occupation of Palestinian territories with antisemitism.
Trump’s attempts to deport some protesters and freeze funds for universities where protests were held have faced judicial roadblocks.
PEN America Florida Director William Johnson said the Florida legislation “opens the door for Florida students to face punishment for constitutionally protected speech.”
DeSantis cast the legislation as a framework to combat extremism and have accountability in the education system.
Reporting by Kanishka Singh in Washington; Editing by Aurora Ellis
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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