发布时间：2026年2月3日，美国东部时间下午5:54 | CNN政治
作者：[德文·科尔]，[奥斯汀·卡尔佩珀]
8分钟前
[马克·凯利]作为一名民主党参议员，其案件指控五角大楼因他敦促美国军人拒绝非法命令而对他进行惩罚，从而[侵犯其第一修正案权利]。
周二，在华盛顿特区举行的一场高风险听证会上，美国联邦高级地区法官理查德·利昂似乎对特朗普政府的一项建议感到不安，该建议称他应采取史无前例的步骤，扩大现役军人第一修正案保护的现有漏洞，使其也适用于凯利等退休人员。
“你要求我做最高法院或哥伦比亚特区巡回上诉法院从未做过的事情，”利昂对一名司法部律师说，该律师正为五角大楼的行动进行辩护。“这有点离谱。”
利昂是前总统乔治·W·布什任命的法官，他表示，他可能会在2月11日前就凯利要求法院下达禁令以阻止五角大楼行动的请求做出裁决。
这场听证会是特朗普政府利用政府杠杆惩罚总统高调批评者的最新爆发点。在其他几起涉及唐纳德·特朗普认为的政治对手的案件中，联邦法官挫败了总统的报复运动，[终止]了针对前FBI局长詹姆斯·科米和纽约总检察长莱蒂蒂亚·詹姆斯的刑事诉讼，并裁定反对总统试图阻挠著名吹哨人律师马克·扎伊德工作的努力。
凯利的案件于上月提起，就在国防部长彼得·黑格塞斯宣布五角大楼将对该参议员采取行政行动之后，包括降低他最后的军衔（这将减少他作为退休海军上尉的收入）并发出谴责信。
黑格塞斯和特朗普公开抨击凯利是因为亚利桑那州议员[11月发布]的一段视频——以及其他五名有兵役历史的民主党人——敦促军人不要服从特朗普政府可能发布的非法命令。
“从整体上看，你的行为模式表明你有明确意图，即建议军人拒绝合法命令。这种模式表明，你不是在就拒绝明显非法命令的义务提供抽象的法律教育。你是在具体建议军人拒绝你描述为非法的特定行动，”黑格塞斯上月在谴责信中写给凯利。
但该参议员的律师辩称，五角大楼的行动违反了他的第一修正案权利，并且他的言论受宪法言论和辩论条款的保护，该条款规定，国会议员在任期间免受某些来自国会外部的调查和程序的约束。此外，他们表示这些举动侵犯了他的正当程序权利，称其为“预先决定的决策”。
CNN的 Haley Britzky、Natasha Bertrand 和 Zachary Cohen 对本报告有贡献。
Judge appears likely to side with Mark Kelly in case challenging Pentagon’s efforts to punish him over ‘illegal orders’ video
Published Feb 3, 2026, 5:54 PM ET | CNN Politics
By
[Devan Cole]
,
Austin Culpepper
8 min ago
[Mark Kelly] in the Democratic senator’s case alleging the Pentagon is [violating his First Amendment rights] through its effort to punish him over his urging of US service members to refuse illegal orders.
During a high-stakes hearing in Washington, DC, on Tuesday, Senior US District Judge Richard Leon seemed troubled by the Trump administration’s suggestion that he take the unprecedented step of expanding existing loopholes to First Amendment protections for active-duty service members to also cover retirees such as Kelly.
“You’re asking me to do something the Supreme Court or the DC Circuit has never done,” Leon told a Justice Department lawyer defending the Pentagon’s efforts. “That’s a bit of a stretch.”
Leon, an appointee of former President George W. Bush, said he would likely issue a decision on Kelly’s request for a court order blocking the Pentagon’s efforts by February 11.
The hearing was the latest flashpoint in the Trump administration’s campaign to use the levers of government to punish high-profile critics of the president. In several other cases involving Donald Trump’s perceived political enemies, federal judges have stymied the president’s retribution crusade, [killing criminal cases] brought against former FBI Director James Comey and New York Attorney General Letitia James and ruling against the president’s efforts to hamstring the work of Mark Zaid, a notable whistleblower attorney.
Kelly’s case, brought last month, came just after Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth announced the Pentagon would pursue administrative action against the senator, including reducing his last military rank, which would lower the pay he receives as a retired Navy captain, and issuing a letter of censure.
Hegseth and Trump have publicly attacked Kelly over a by the Arizona lawmaker – and five other Democrats with a history of military service – urging service members not to obey unlawful orders that could be issued by the Trump administration.
“When viewed in totality, your pattern of conduct demonstrates specific intent to counsel servicemembers to refuse lawful orders. This pattern demonstrates that you were not providing abstract legal education about the duty to refuse patently illegal orders. You were specifically counseling servicemembers to refuse particular operations that you have characterized as illegal,” Hegseth wrote to Kelly last month in the censure letter.
But lawyers for the senator argue the Pentagon’s actions run afoul of his First Amendment rights and that his comments are protected by the Constitution’s Speech and Debate Clause, which states that a sitting member of Congress is protected from certain inquiries and procedures that originate outside of Congress. Additionally, they say the moves violate his due process rights, describing them as “foreordained decisionmaking.”
CNN’s Haley Britzky, Natasha Bertrand and Zachary Cohen contributed to this report.
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