2026年3月31日 / 美国东部时间晚上11:12 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
特朗普总统计划周三前往最高法院，届时大法官将审理他旨在终止公民权出生地原则的行政令，这是对其移民政策的重大考验。
白宫周三的官方日程显示，特朗普先生将于上午10点出席最高法院口头辩论——除非他在最后一刻取消行程——这将使他成为有记录以来首位亲自旁听最高法院辩论的在任总统。
总统周二早些时候向记者暗示了他计划出席此次听证会。
特朗普先生过去曾透露过打算前往最高法院旁听案件辩论。去年，当最高法院审理一起审查其大规模全球关税合法性的案件时，他告诉记者他认为自己有“义务到场”。但他最终并未出席，并在Truth Social平台上写道，他不想“分散人们对这项裁决重要性的注意力”。
如果他出席周三的“特朗普诉芭芭拉案”听证会，将突显这起案件对总统的重要性。去年重返白宫后不久，他签署了一项行政令，旨在阻止无证移民或临时入境者在美国出生的子女自动成为美国公民。
这项行政令因遭到大量法律挑战而尚未生效。反对者称，该命令违反了第十四修正案的公民权条款，该条款规定：“所有在合众国出生或归化合众国并受其管辖的人，都是合众国的和他们居住州的公民。”长期以来，该条款被理解为赋予几乎所有在美国出生的人公民身份，仅有极少数例外情况，无论其父母的移民身份如何。
但特朗普政府官员辩称，战后通过的第十四修正案被误读了，并称公民权条款本意是赋予前奴隶及其后代公民身份，而非临时移民或无证移民的子女。
最高法院去年曾受理一起涉及特朗普公民权出生地行政令的案件，但该案并未直接就行政令的实质内容作出裁决，而是聚焦于法官阻止该政策的禁令是否过于宽泛。但现在，最高法院将直接审理该行政令的合宪性问题。裁决结果可能在7月之前公布。
最高法院目前拥有稳固的6比3保守派多数席位，特朗普提名的大法官占该院三分之一的席位。但近几个月来，大法官们曾多次作出不利于特朗普政府的裁决，引发了总统的强烈不满。
上个月，最高法院推翻了特朗普政府对外国进口商品征收的多项关税，导致总统称部分保守派法官“令其家族蒙羞”。
在该裁决公布后不久，特朗普先生在Truth Social平台上预测，最高法院在公民权出生地案件中“也会找到得出错误结论的方式”。
Trump planning to attend Supreme Court arguments tomorrow in high-stakes birthright citizenship case, White House says
March 31, 2026 / 11:12 PM EDT / CBS News
President Trump is planning to visit the Supreme Court on Wednesday as the justices take up his executive order seeking to end birthright citizenship, a major test of his immigration agenda.
The White House’s official schedule for Wednesday says Mr. Trump will attend Supreme Court oral arguments at 10 a.m., which — unless he cancels at the last minute — would make him the first sitting president on record to personally view arguments at the high court.
The president hinted to reporters earlier Tuesday that he was planning to attend.
Mr. Trump has floated visiting the Supreme Court for arguments in the past. Last year, he told reporters he felt he had “an obligation to go” when the court took up a case reviewing the legality of his sweeping global tariffs. He ultimately did not attend, writing on Truth Social he didn’t “want to distract from the importance of this Decision.”
If he attends Wednesday’s arguments in Trump v. Barbara, it could underscore the case’s importance to the president. Hours after returning to office last year, he signed an executive order seeking to stop the U.S.-born children of undocumented immigrants or people who are in the country temporarily from automatically becoming American citizens.
That order has not gone into effect amid scores of legal challenges. Opponents say it violates the Citizenship Clause of the 14th Amendment, which says: “All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States.” That clause has long been understood to grant citizenship to virtually everybody born in the U.S., with some very narrow exceptions, regardless of their parents’ immigration status.
But Trump administration officials have argued the post-Civil War 14th Amendment has been misread, and say the Citizenship Clause was intended to confer citizenship onto former slaves and their descendents, not the children of temporary or undocumented immigrants.
The Supreme Court took up a case involving Mr. Trump’s birthright citizenship executive order last year, but the case did not directly address the order on the merits, instead focusing on whether judges’ injunctions to block the policy had been too broad. But now, the high court is set to take up the executive order’s constitutionality head-on. A ruling could come down by July.
The Supreme Court has a solid 6-3 conservative majority, with Trump nominees making up one-third of the court. But the justices have periodically ruled against the Trump administration in recent months, drawing backlash from the president.
The court struck down many of Mr. Trump’s tariffs on foreign imports last month, leading the president to call some of the conservative judges “an embarrassment to their families.”
Shortly after that ruling, Mr. Trump predicted on Truth Social that “this supreme court will find a way to come to the wrong conclusion” in the birthright citizenship case, too.
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