2026-03-31 14:54:55 UTC / 路透社
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2026年3月31日 世界协调时下午2:54 1小时前更新
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2023年4月7日，美国弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿某商铺橱窗内的招聘启事及二维码。路透社/伊丽莎白·弗朗茨
华盛顿，3月31日（路透社）——美国政府周二公布的数据显示，该国2月职位空缺降幅超出预期，招聘量跌至近六年来最低水平。
美国劳工部劳工统计局在其《职位空缺与劳动力流动调查》（简称JOLTS报告）中表示，作为劳动力需求衡量指标的职位空缺数在2月底减少35.8万个，至688.2万个。接受路透社调查的经济学家此前预测的职位空缺数为691.8万个。职位空缺率从1月的4.4%降至4.2%。
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上月招聘岗位减少49.8万个，至484.9万个，为2020年3月新冠疫情爆发初期以来最低水平。招聘率从1月的3.4%降至3.1%。裁员和解雇人数增加6.1万人，至仍处于低位的172.1万人，裁员率从上月的1.0%升至1.1%。
雇主不愿大规模招聘或裁员的情况，形成了美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔本月所称的“零就业增长均衡”状态，这种状态“带有下行风险的迹象”。
经济学家将劳动力市场停滞归咎于唐纳德·特朗普总统的贸易和移民政策带来的持续不确定性，这些政策削弱了劳动力的需求和供给。截至2月的三个月里，私营非农就业岗位平均每月仅增长1.8万个。
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US job openings fall in February; hiring lowest since pandemic
2026-03-31 14:54:55 UTC / Reuters
By Reuters
March 31, 2026 2:54 PM UTC Updated 1 hour ago
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An employee hiring sign with a QR code is seen in a window of a business in Arlington, Virginia, U.S., April 7, 2023. REUTERS/Elizabeth Frantz
WASHINGTON, March 31 (Reuters) – U.S. job openings fell more than expected in February and hiring dropped to the lowest level in nearly six years, government data showed on Tuesday.
Job openings, a measure of labor demand, decreased 358,000 to 6.882 million by the last day of February, the Labor Department’s Bureau of Labor Statistics said in its Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, or JOLTS report. Economists polled by Reuters had forecast 6.918 million unfilled jobs. The job openings rate dropped to 4.2% from 4.4% in January.
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Hiring decreased by 498,000 positions to 4.849 million last month, the lowest level since March 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. The hires rate dropped to 3.1% from 3.4% in January. Layoffs and discharges increased 61,000 to a still-low 1.721 million, with the rate rising to 1.1% from 1.0% in the prior month.
A reluctance by employers to engage in large-scale hiring or layoffs has created what Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell this month called a “zero-employment growth equilibrium” that has “a feel of downside risk.”
Economists blame the labor market stasis on lingering uncertainty caused by President Donald Trump’s trade and immigration policies that have undercut demand for and supply of workers. Private nonfarm payrolls growth averaged only 18,000 jobs per month in the three months through February.
Reporting by Lucia Mutikani; Editing by Andrea Ricci
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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