2026年3月30日 / 美国东部时间下午4:00 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
众所周知，在线体育博彩是一项高风险活动。但纽约联邦储备银行的一项最新研究表明，这种行为可能还与更高的违约率相关联，这可能会对美国人的财务健康造成又一重打击。
目前，美国已有30多个州将在线体育博彩合法化，用户可以就各类赛事下注，从哪支球队会赢得比赛，到某位球员可能抢到多少篮板球都可投注。DraftKings和FanDuel等热门平台让用户无需前往赌场等实体场所就能快速下注，而部分州此前曾要求投注必须在线下进行。
这项业务的受欢迎程度与日俱增，标普全球市场情报2025年的一项调查估计，过去一年里有15%的美国成年人在在线体育博彩平台下注，其中超过三分之二是男性。
随着这类平台的需求不断增长，美国人投入在线体育博彩的资金也越来越多。纽约联邦储备银行研究中的季度数据显示，自2020年以来，平均存款额——即赌客下注时存入的初始金额——持续攀升。2025年，赌客每季度平均存款1250美元，而仅在五年前，这一数字约为500美元。
博彩与你的信用？
纽约联邦储备银行将合法在线体育博彩的州与未合法该业务的州的博彩活动和消费者信贷结果进行对比，以此研究在线体育博彩对美国人财务健康——尤其是违约率——的影响。
诚然，违约率多年来一直在攀升，目前已达到2008年金融危机以来的最高水平。这一上升趋势可归因于多种因素，部分研究指出新冠疫情后刺激资金枯竭是诱因之一。
但纽约联邦储备银行发现，在线博彩也可能是影响消费者信贷结果的因素之一。该机构发现，自在线博彩合法化以来，合法州的违约率增长速度超过了未合法州。
纽约联邦储备银行利用其消费者信贷面板的内部数据——由Equifax信用报告机构提供的匿名信用报告——和消费者支出数据来衡量在线体育博彩的平均存款额。他们将违约率定义为任何信贷产品逾期90天以上。
体育博彩合法化后，全体人口的违约率上升了0.3个百分点。
尽管这一增幅相对较小，但当纽约联邦储备银行仅关注合法化后首次参与体育博彩的人群（约占总人口的3%）时，其估算显示违约率上升了10个百分点。这表明博彩活动可能会增加债务逾期的风险。
研究人员写道，这一计算结果表明在线博彩会产生“具有经济意义的影响，并可能对借款人的信用状况造成持久后果”。
在线体育博彩的下一代
该研究未纳入预测市场的博彩活动，而这类市场如今已成为体育博彩的热门场所。在拥有约400万活跃用户的Kalshi平台上，当前90%的交易量由体育赛事相关交易驱动。
不过，最近的法律挑战可能会考验这些平台承接体育博彩合约的能力。亚利桑那州总检察长本月早些时候对Kalshi提起诉讼，指控该平台允许用户就体育赛事和球员个人表现下注，属于非法赌博行为。
议员们也加大了对体育博彩的监管力度。本月早些时候提出的一项法案将禁止预测市场承接类似于体育博彩或赌场游戏的下注业务。
编辑：艾米·皮奇
Online sports bettors may risk more than just their wagers. Here’s what’s at stake.
March 30, 2026 / 4:00 PM EDT / CBS News
It’s well known that online sports betting can be a risky endeavor. But a new study from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York shows the practice may also be linked to higher delinquency rates, delivering another potential blow to Americans’ financial health.
Online sports betting, now legal in more than 30 U.S. states, allows users to make bets on everything from which team will win a game to how many rebounds a certain player might get. Popular platforms like DraftKings and FanDuel present a quick way to wager money without having to go to a physical location like a casino, which some states require.
The practice has grown in popularity, with a 2025 survey by S&P Global Market Intelligence estimating that 15% of U.S. adults placed a bet on an online sportsbook within the last year. Of those, more than two-thirds were men.
As demand for these platforms has grown, so too has the amount of money Americans funnel toward online sports betting. Quarterly data from the New York Fed study shows average deposits — the initial amount a bettor puts down when they place a wager — have jumped since 2020. Bettors deposited an average of $1,250 per quarter in 2025, compared to around $500 just five years ago.
A gamble for your credit?
The New York Fed studied the impact online sports betting could have on Americans’ financial health — particularly delinquency rates — by comparing betting activity and consumer credit outcomes in states that legalized it with those that have not.
To be sure, delinquency rates have been climbing for years and are now at their highest levels since the 2008 financial crisis. The rise can be attributed to a number of factors, with some research pointing to a drop-off in stimulus funds after COVID-19 as one of the catalysts.
The Federal Reserve Bank of New York, however, found that online betting could also be one factor at play when it comes to consumer credit outcomes. Since online betting became legal, the increase in delinquencies in states that legalized has outpaced those in states that didn’t, the organization found.
The New York Fed used in-house data from its Consumer Credit Panel, which consists of anonymized credit reports from the credit reporting agency Equifax, and consumer spending data to gauge average online sportsbook deposits. They defined delinquency rates as 90 days past due on any credit product.
After sports betting was legalized, delinquencies rose 0.3 percentage points for the total population.
While that is a relatively small increase, when the New York Fed looked solely at the population that newly took up sports betting after legalization (roughly 3% of the population), its estimates show delinquencies rose by 10 percentage points. That illustrates that betting activity could increase the risk of falling behind on debt.
That calculation shows how online betting can have an “economically meaningful effect with potentially lasting consequences for borrowers’ credit profiles,” the researchers wrote.
The next generation of online sports betting
The study did not take into account betting on prediction markets, which have become popular venues to place sports bets. On Kalshi, a platform that has approximately 4 million active users, 90% of the current trade volume is driven by sports.
However, recent legal challenges could put these platforms’ ability to host sports betting contracts to the test. Arizona’s attorney general recently sued Kalshi earlier this month, alleging that it engaged in illegal gambling practices by allowing users to bet on sporting contests and individual player performance.
Lawmakers have also stepped up efforts to regulate sports betting. A bill introduced earlier this month would ban prediction markets from hosting wagers that resemble a sports bet or casino-style game.
Edited by Aimee Picchi
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