2026-04-06 13:33:37 UTC / 路透社
作者：蒂莫西·加德纳
2026年4月6日 世界协调时13:33，更新于2小时前
华盛顿4月6日电（路透社）——美国核监管机构上周投票决定逐步取消针对运行中反应堆的机构主导安全检查，一名安全倡导者称此举是政府未能履行保护美国人免受核电站袭击的责任。
美国核管理委员会（NRC）周五在其官网宣布，将逐步取消“武力对抗”检查项目，该项目由该机构主导开展模拟突击队式袭击的演习，以排查核电站的潜在安全漏洞。
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自1991年以来，NRC一直主导此类检查，2001年9·11袭击事件后，国会强化了该项目，要求每座核电站每三年开展一次此类检查。
此次调整之际，唐纳德·特朗普政府正向NRC施压，要求其快速批准相关许可，以便到2050年将美国核电产能增至400吉瓦，即扩大四倍，以满足人工智能、数据中心、交通电气化和加密货币产业带来的电力需求增长。
忧思科学家联盟的核物理学家埃德温·莱曼表示，在美国基础设施面临包括伊朗冲突引发的持续安全威胁的背景下，这一举措令人担忧。
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莱曼称，这一替代方案将沦为“一场华而不实的表演，类似于职业摔跤比赛，NRC只能被动观摩完全由电站管理层和人员自行策划的演习”。
NRC表示，此次项目更新“反映了美国核电站已具备扎实的安全保障”。机构主导的演习将持续至2028年，此后核电站将在独立机构监督下开展此类演习。
莱曼表示，此次调整将使该项目难以符合国会关于在演习中防范潜在利益冲突的强制要求。
NRC则表示，随着该项目从“通过/不通过”模式转向以培训为重点的模式，“潜在的利益冲突担忧已大幅降低”。
（本故事已重新发布，以更正第5段中从爱德华改为埃德温·莱曼的姓名）
蒂姆·加德纳报道；安德里亚·里奇编辑
我们的准则：路透社信托原则。
US nuclear power regulator phases out agency-led commando drills at plants
2026-04-06 13:33:37 UTC / Reuters
By Timothy Gardner
April 6, 2026 1:33 PM UTC Updated 2 hours ago
A U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission sign is pictured at the headquarters building in Rockville, Maryland, March 21, 2011. REUTERS/Larry Downing
WASHINGTON, April 6 (Reuters) – The U.S. nuclear power regulator voted last week to phase out agency-led security inspections at operating reactors, a move a safety advocate said represents a failure in the government’s responsibility to protect Americans from attacks on the plants.
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission voted to phase out “force-on-force” inspection programs, it said on its website on Friday, a program of mock commando-style attacks under control of the agency to probe potential weaknesses at nuclear plants.
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The NRC has led the inspections since 1991, and Congress strengthened the program after the September 11, 2001, attacks to require them at every nuclear plant every three years.
The move comes as the administration of President Donald Trump puts pressure on the NRC to quickly approve permits for a quadrupling of the U.S. nuclear power capacity to 400 gigawatts by 2050 to meet power demand rising from artificial intelligence and data centers, electrification of transportation and cryptocurrencies.
Edwin Lyman, a nuclear physicist at the Union of Concerned Scientists, said the move was concerning amid ongoing security threats to U.S. infrastructure, including those arising from the Iran conflict.
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The move will replace the program with a “dog-and-pony show, akin to a professional wrestling match, in which the NRC will only be allowed to passively observe exercises staged entirely by the plant managers and personnel,” Lyman said.
The NRC said its update to the program “reflects the strong safety and security already in place at U.S. nuclear plants.” Agency-led drills will continue through 2028, after which the plants will conduct the exercises with independent agency oversight, it said.
Lyman said changes make it unlikely that the program will comply with congressional mandates to mitigate any potential conflict of interest in the drills.
The NRC said as the program shifts from a pass/fail model to a training-focused approach, “potential conflict of interest concerns are significantly reduced.”
(This story has been refiled to correct the name from Edward to Edwin Lyman in paragraph 5)
Reporting by Timothy Gardner; Editing by Andrea Ricci
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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