2026-03-31 21:47:56 UTC / 路透社
作者：南迪塔·博斯
2026年3月31日 晚上9:47 UTC，更新于11分钟前
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Item 1 of 2 2026年3月31日，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普在华盛顿白宫椭圆形办公室展示其签署的关于邮寄选票的行政令时发表讲话。路透社/埃文·武奇 摄
[1/2]2026年3月31日，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普在华盛顿白宫椭圆形办公室展示其签署的关于邮寄选票的行政令时发表讲话。路透社/埃文·武奇 摄 购买授权，将在新标签页打开
- 摘要
- 行政令要求使用联邦数据核实每个州的选民资格
- 该行政令出台前，特朗普曾毫无根据地宣称选举存在欺诈，并推动收紧投票规则
- 批评者称该行政令违宪，誓言提起诉讼
华盛顿，3月31日（路透社）—— 美国总统唐纳德·特朗普周二签署一项行政令，在全国范围内收紧邮寄投票规则，其中包括指示其政府编制一份每个州符合投票资格的美国公民确认名单，此举随即遭到投票权组织和民主党人的法律挑战威胁。
该行政令将利用联邦数据帮助各州选举官员核实选民资格。它还要求仅向各州批准的邮寄选票名单上的选民邮寄缺席选票，并强制要求使用带有唯一追踪条形码的安全选票信封。
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特朗普表示，他不认为该行政令会在法庭上被成功推翻，他称只有法官才能阻止该命令，并抱怨所谓的“流氓”和“非常糟糕”的法官。
“我不认为他们能推翻它，”他说。
投票权组织、选举专家和民主党官员随即驳斥了这一说法，称联邦政府强行干预州级选举体系的行为在法庭上站不住脚。
“他的行政令不仅违宪，而且毫无意义，”全国有色人种协进会主席德里克·约翰逊在一份声明中说。“这项行政令不会奏效。”
选举创新与研究中心主任戴维·贝克尔在社交媒体帖子中称，该行政令“明显违宪”，将立即被驳回，并补充说特朗普“不如签署一项禁止重力的行政令”。
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加利福尼亚州州长加文·纽瑟姆在X平台上表示：“总统想要限制美国民众参与我们民主的权利。加州将在法庭上与他对质。”
这位共和党籍总统多年来一直声称他在2020年大选中败选是普遍选举欺诈所致，并在11月中期选举前呼吁收紧邮寄投票规则，届时他所在的政党将试图捍卫其在国会的微弱多数席位。
该行政令出台之际，参议院正在审议《拯救美国法案》，这是特朗普列为首要优先级的一项法案，他称该法案将帮助共和党在中期选举中获胜。
该法案于2月在众议院获得通过，要求选民登记时提供美国公民身份证明，投票时需出示带照片的身份证件。该法案在参议院通过前景渺茫，因为共和党缺乏克服民主党反对所需的60票。
特朗普对邮寄投票的强烈反对并未阻止他上周在佛罗里达州的一场特别选举中以邮寄方式投票。当被问及此事时，他表示自己最近“因为身为总统”以及“有很多不同的事务”要处理，所以通过邮寄方式投票。
这位总统此前曾利用行政行动指示联邦机构协助各州核实选民公民身份，并试图禁止各州统计选举日之后收到的邮寄选票，这直接挑战了传统上由各州制定的选举程序。
南迪塔·博斯 华盛顿报道；斯科特·马隆、米歇尔·尼科尔斯、科琳·詹金斯和克里斯·里斯 编辑
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Trump signs order tightening mail-in voting, drawing swift legal threats
2026-03-31 21:47:56 UTC / Reuters
By Nandita Bose
March 31, 2026 9:47 PM UTC Updated 11 mins ago
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Item 1 of 2 U.S. President Donald Trump speaks as he shows a signed executive order on mail ballots, in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, D.C., March 31, 2026. REUTERS/Evan Vucci
[1/2]U.S. President Donald Trump speaks as he shows a signed executive order on mail ballots, in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, D.C., March 31, 2026. REUTERS/Evan Vucci Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
- Summary
- Order directs use of federal data to verify voter eligibility in each state
- Order follows Trump’s unproven claims of voter fraud and push for tighter voting rules
- Critics call order unconstitutional, vow court challenges
WASHINGTON, March 31 (Reuters) – President Donald Trump signed an executive order on Tuesday tightening rules on mail‑in voting nationwide, including directing his administration to compile a list of confirmed U.S. citizens eligible to vote in each state, drawing immediate threats of legal challenges from voting rights groups and Democrats.
The order would use federal data to help state election officials verify who is eligible to vote. It would also require absentee ballots to be sent only to voters on each state’s approved mail-in ballot list and mandate secure ballot envelopes with unique tracking barcodes.
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Trump said he did not see how the order could be successfully challenged in court, arguing only a judge could block it and complaining about what he called “rogue” and “very bad” judges.
“I don’t see how they can challenge it,” he said.
Voting rights groups, election experts and Democratic officials swiftly rejected that claim, saying federal efforts to force changes to state-run election systems would not survive in court.
“Not only is his order unconstitutional, it’s unserious,” NAACP President Derrick Johnson said in a statement. “This order will not stand.”
David Becker, head of the Center for Election Innovation & Research, said in a social media post the order was “clearly unconstitutional” and would be blocked immediately, adding Trump “might as well sign an EO banning gravity.”
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California Governor Gavin Newsom said on X that “The President wants to limit which Americans can participate in our democracy. California will see him in court.”
The Republican president has for years pushed the false claim that his 2020 election defeat was the result of widespread voter fraud and has called for tighter rules on voting by mail ahead of the November midterm elections, when his party will be trying to defend its narrow majorities in Congress.
The order comes as the Senate weighs the SAVE America Act, a measure Trump has made a top priority, arguing it would help Republicans in the midterms.
The bill, which passed the House in February, would require proof of U.S. citizenship to register to vote and a photo ID to cast a ballot. It faces long odds in the Senate, where Republicans lack the 60 votes needed to overcome Democratic opposition.
Trump’s vocal opposition to voting by mail did not stop him from casting his own vote that way in a special election in Florida last week. Asked about it, he said he cast a ballot by mail recently “because I’m president” and “I had a lot of different things” to do.
The president has previously used executive action to direct federal agencies to help states verify voter citizenship and sought to bar states from counting mail ballots received after Election Day, a direct challenge to election procedures traditionally set by the states.
Reporting by Nandita Bose in Washington; editing by Scott Malone, Michelle Nichols, Colleen Jenkins and Chris Reese
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