2026年3月27日 / 美国东部时间下午1:07 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队已宣布霍尔木兹海峡——一条在战争前全球约20%原油供应流经的水道——对未获德黑兰明确许可的任何船只关闭，警告任何违反者将面临严厉回应。
这一消息传出后，全球原油价格周五飙升至每桶110多美元。一个月前美国和以色列对伊朗发动战争前，基准布伦特原油价格仅略高于每桶70美元。
伊斯兰革命卫队海军本周似乎拿三艘中国商业船只开刀，这些船只试图但未能通过海峡并驶离波斯湾。
伊朗军方在社交媒体帖子中表示：“今天上午，在腐败的美国总统发表关于霍尔木兹海峡开放的虚假声明后，三艘不同国籍的集装箱船试图进入指定的授权船只航行走廊，但被革命卫队海军警告后掉头返回。”
周五清晨，MarineTraffic网站的数据显示，中国最大航运公司中远海运旗下的两艘超大型集装箱船CSCL印度洋号和CSCL北冰洋号在试图驶过伊朗拉拉克岛后突然掉头。这两艘船周五晚些时候仍滞留波斯湾内。
第三艘船，香港籍莲花升起号，在前一天也在同一岛屿更远海域被迫掉头。
当地人在阿曼马斯喀特拍摄停泊的两艘散货船，2026年3月25日（伊朗战争期间，德黑兰使国际海事交通在霍尔木兹海峡基本瘫痪）。Elke Scholiers/Getty Images
伊斯兰革命卫队在声明中称：“任何船只‘往返’属于犹太复国主义-美国敌人的盟友和支持者的港口，无论通过任何走廊前往任何目的地，均属禁止行为。”
海事情报公司劳氏船级社（Lloyd’s List）分析师将拉拉克岛描述为德黑兰的“收费站”。该岛距伊朗海岸仅数英里，德黑兰一直强迫船只支付安全通行费——据伊朗国家媒体报道，一艘船费用高达200万美元。
劳氏船级社表示，3月下半旬其追踪到33次通过拉拉克岛的航行，但更常见的南部海峡路线完全没有船只通过。换句话说，尽管霍尔木兹海峡被描述为波斯湾石油出口的咽喉，而经过拉拉克岛的航线已成为伊朗控制通道的特定瓶颈。
进一步施压的是，伊朗官方媒体援引一名伊朗军方官员的话说，世界石油供应的另一条关键海峡可能成为下一个目标。曼德海峡是红海进入阿拉伯海及其他地区的南部门户，估计全球10%的石油供应通过该海峡，南部与吉布提接壤，北部与也门接壤。
一张地图显示从中东到亚洲的能源资源和其他贸易主要路线，包括曼德海峡和霍尔木兹海峡。 Getty/iStockphoto
也门是胡塞反政府武装的所在地，该组织是伊朗最强大的代理人力量之一。尽管胡塞武装目前尚未卷入伊朗战争，但其领导人已警告称，若德黑兰要求，他们可能参战。
胡塞武装控制着也门大部分地区，充当影子政府。其负责红海航行管理的人道主义行动协调中心（HOCC）周四告诉劳氏船级社，该海峡“无需担忧”。
HOCC向劳氏船级社表示：“正如您所见，包括油轮在内的数十艘船只每天通过曼德海峡。在此背景下，也门共和国仍致力于维护红海和曼德海峡的航行安全，确保贸易自由流动。”
但胡塞武装此前曾袭击过该海峡的船只，最近一次是报复以色列对加沙的战争。随着伊朗面临美国和以色列更密集的压力，威胁再次浮现。
也门《舆论报》提供的照片显示，英国注册货船Rubymar在红海曼德海峡入口附近被也门胡塞武装袭击后沉没。 照片由Al-Joumhouriah电视频道提供，通过Getty Images
如果中东两条海上咽喉要道都受到威胁，将大幅增加该地区石油和天然气供应的限制。
澳大利亚投资银行麦格理集团分析师现在警告，到6月油价有40%概率飙升至每桶200美元，这在历史上从未发生过。
伊朗议会正在起草法案，使霍尔木兹海峡通行费“合法化”，据官方媒体报道，该计划似乎将在4月第一周左右定稿。
自战争开始以来，伊朗最主要的目标是阿联酋，该国正推动数十个国家加入其组建的“霍尔木兹安全部队”以重新开放和保卫海峡。
阿联酋阿布扎比国家石油公司负责人苏丹·艾哈迈德·贾比尔本周在华盛顿会见副总统JD·万斯。他称伊朗在霍尔木兹海峡的行动构成“经济恐怖主义”。
“当伊朗劫持霍尔木兹海峡时，每个国家都在支付赎金。在加油站、杂货店、药房，每个家庭都在为此买单，”他在与万斯会面的前一天发表演讲时表示，“任何国家都不允许以这种方式破坏全球经济稳定，无论现在还是将来都不行。”
As Iran keeps Strait of Hormuz closed, it’s also threatening to target another vital Mideast shipping lane
March 27, 2026 / 1:07 PM EDT / CBS News
Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Corps has declared the Strait of Hormuz — a waterway through which around 20% of the world’s crude oil supply flowed until the war — closed to any ships not explicitly granted permission by Tehran, warning of a severe response for any violators.
The global price of crude oil jumped over $110 a barrel on the news Friday. Before the U.S. and Israel launched the war on Iran one month ago, a barrel of benchmark Brent crude was trading at just over $70 a barrel.
The IRGC Navy appeared to make an example of three Chinese-owned commercial vessels this week that tried — but failed — to make it through the strait and out of the Persian Gulf.
“This morning, following the false statements of the corrupt U.S. president claiming that the Strait of Hormuz is open, three container ships of different nationalities moved toward the designated corridor for authorized vessel traffic, but were turned back after warnings from the IRGC Navy,” the Iranian military said in a social media post.
Early Friday morning, data from the MarineTraffic website showed that two ultra-large container ships owned by China’s biggest shipping company, COSCO, made a sharp U-turn after apparently trying to sail past Iran’s Larak Island. The two ships, CSCL Indian Ocean and CSCL Arctic Ocean, remained in the Persian Gulf later Friday.
A third ship, the Hong Kong-owned Lotus Rising, was forced to make a similar turnaround further out from the same island the previous day.
Locals take photos of two bulk carriers anchored in Muscat, Oman, March 25, 2026, as Tehran keeps international maritime traffic largely paralyzed in the Strait of Hormuz amid the war. Elke Scholiers/Getty Images
In its statement, the IRGC said, “the passage of any ship ‘to and from’ ports belonging to allies and supporters of the Zionist-American enemies, to any destination and via any corridor, is prohibited.”
Larak Island has been described as Tehran’s “toll booth” by analysts at maritime intelligence company Lloyd’s List. It’s just a few miles off Iran’s coast, and Tehran has been forcing ships to pay fees to pass safely — as much as $2 million for one vessel, according to Iranian state media.
Lloyd’s List says it tracked 33 transits via Larak Island in the second half of March, but no transits at all via the more common route further south through the strait. Put another way, while the Strait of Hormuz has been described as a chokepoint for oil coming out of the Persian Gulf, the route past Larak has become the specific chokepoint of Iran’s chokehold on the passage.
Adding further pressure, an Iranian military official was quoted recently by the Islamic Republic’s state-run media as saying another strait vital to world oil supplies could be targeted next. The Bab el-Mandeb Strait is the southern gateway from the Red Sea into the Arabian Sea and all points beyond. An estimated 10% of the world’s oil supply flows through the passage, which is bordered by Djibouti to the south and Yemen to the north.
A map shows major routes for energy resources and other trade from the Middle East to Asia, including the Bab el-Mandeb strait and the Strait of Hormuz. Getty/iStockphoto
Yemen is home to the Houthi rebel group, which is one of Iran’s most formidable proxy forces. While the Houthis have stayed out of the Iran war so far, its leaders have warned they could engage if Tehran asks them to.
The Houthis control a vast portion of Yemen, functioning as a shadow government, and their Humanitarian Operations Coordination Center (HOCC), which manages navigation in the Red Sea, told Lloyds on Thursday that there was “no cause for concern” about the strait.
“As you can see, dozens of vessels, including oil tankers, transit the Bab el Mandeb strait every day. In this context, the Republic of Yemen remains committed to safeguarding navigation in the Red Sea and the Bab el Mandeb strait, as well as ensuring the free flow of trade,” the HOCC told Lloyds.
But the Houthis have attacked ships in the strait before, recently, in retaliation for Israel’s war in Gaza, and with Iran coming under more intense pressure from the U.S. and Israel, the threat is once again looming.
Photo provided by Yemen’s Al-Joumhouria TV of the U.K.-registered cargo ship Rubymar sinking after it was targeted by Yemen’s Houthi rebels in the Red Sea, near the entrance to the Bab el-Mandeb strait, March 3, 2024. Photo by Al-Joumhouriah TV channel via Getty Images
If both of the Mideast’s maritime chokepoints did come under threat, it would significantly increase the constraints on oil and natural gas supplies from the region.
Analysts with the Australian investment bank and financial services firm Macquarie are now warning of a 40% chance that oil could hit $200 a barrel by June, which has never happened.
Iran’s parliament is drafting a bill to make its fees on ships trying to transit the Strait of Hormuz “official,” according to state run media, with the plan apparently set to be finalized on or around the first week of April.
The United Arab Emirates, the Gulf state most targeted by Iran, by far, since the war started, is pushing dozens of countries to join it in forming a “Hormuz Security Force” to reopen and defend the strait, according to the Financial Times.
The head of the UAE’s Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber, was in Washington this week for a meeting with Vice President JD Vance. He said Iran’s actions in the Strait of Hormuz amount to “economic terrorism.”
“When Iran holds Hormuz hostage, every nation pays the ransom. At the gas pump, at the grocery store, at the pharmacy, every household,” he said in a speech the day before his meeting with Vance. “No country can be allowed to destabilize the global economy in this way. Not now, not ever.”
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