2026年3月19日 / 美国东部时间下午3:04 / CBS新闻
华盛顿—— 联合国核监督机构负责人周四表示，伊朗的核能力“仍存大量”，仅靠军事行动无法将其摧毁。
在接受《面对国家》（Face the Nation with Margaret Brennan）采访时，国际原子能机构总干事拉斐尔·格罗西（Rafael Grossi）称伊朗核设施已遭受破坏，去年对三个核设施的打击“相当有效”。
“这对核计划造成了很大影响。不可否认，这确实大幅延缓了核计划的进程，不过，你知道，我对这些‘天数、分钟、月数’等指标持高度怀疑态度，因为一切都是相对的，”格罗西表示，“但我的印象是，一旦军事行动结束，我们仍将面临一系列重大问题，而这些问题正是这场冲突的核心。”
格罗西指出，其中一个问题是伊朗60%丰度的铀库存，以及可能受损的设施、基础设施和设备。
根据国际原子能机构的估计，近年来伊朗快速增加了高浓缩铀储备。截至2025年6月中旬（美国对核设施发动打击前），伊朗已将约972磅（超过440公斤）铀浓缩至60%纯度。
特朗普总统称，与伊朗持续的战争目标之一是防止伊朗发展核武器。尽管国防部已为总统准备了针对冲突下一步行动的若干方案，但特朗普尚未决定是否派遣美军进入伊朗并夺取其核材料。
但格罗西表示，移除装有核材料的圆柱体将非常困难。
“我不是说这不可能。我知道美国拥有难以置信的军事能力来做到这一点，但这肯定是一项极具挑战性的行动，”他说。
格罗西称，在美国和以色列开始打击行动前，伊朗并未出现“大规模重建浓缩能力”的迹象，但“仍有大量能力留存”。
“他们拥有相关能力、知识和工业实力来做到这一点，”他说。
格罗西指出，这一广泛存在的核计划凸显了在军事行动结束后，通过外交途径解决伊朗核问题的必要性。
“谈判是必要的，”他谈到谈判时表示。
在为期9个月的第二轮美国打击行动启动前的数周和数小时内，特朗普的女婿、特使史蒂夫·维特科夫（Steve Witkoff）和贾里德·库什纳（Jared Kushner）在“史诗狂怒行动”（Operation Epic Fury）前几天，与伊朗谈判代表进行了间接谈判。近三周前，美国和以色列发动的打击导致伊朗最高领袖阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊（Ayatollah Ali Khamenei）死亡。
国防部长彼得·赫格塞斯（Pete Hegseth）周四早些时候表示，作为“史诗狂怒行动”的一部分，美国已打击伊朗境内超过7000个目标，并预告当天将发动“迄今为止最大规模的打击编队，就像昨天一样”。
特朗普总统称，正在进行的行动目标之一是阻止伊朗发展核武器，尽管他也吹嘘去年对三个伊朗核设施发动的打击“彻底摧毁”了这些设施。
与此同时，国家情报总监图尔西·加巴德（Tulsi Gabbard）周三在参议院表示，情报界评估称，伊朗核计划在去年被称为“午夜锤行动”（Operation Midnight Hammer）的打击中“被彻底摧毁”。加巴德在提交给参议员的书面证词中称，“此后伊朗没有任何试图重建其浓缩能力的努力。被轰炸的地下设施入口已被水泥掩埋并关闭。”
U.N. nuclear watchdog chief says “a lot has survived” of Iran’s nuclear capabilities
March 19, 2026 / 3:04 PM EDT / CBS News
Washington — The head of the United Nations nuclear watchdog agency said Thursday that “a lot has survived” of Iran’s nuclear capabilities and military operations alone cannot destroy them.
In an interview with “Face the Nation with Margaret Brennan,” Rafael Grossi, director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency, said there had already been damage done to Iran’s nuclear sites, and said last year’s strikes on three nuclear facilities were “quite effective.”
“There has been a lot of impact on the program. One cannot deny that this has really rolled back the program considerably, although, you know, I’m very skeptical about these metrics, days, minutes, months, because everything is relative,” Grossi said. “But my impression is that once the military effort comes to an end, we will still inherit a number of major issues that have been at the center of all of this.”
Grossi said one of those issues is Iran’s inventory of uranium at 60% enrichment, as well as facilities, infrastructure and equipment, which could be damaged.
Iran had rapidly increased its stockpile of highly enriched uranium in recent years. As of mid-June 2025, before U.S. strikes on nuclear facilities, Iran had enriched roughly 972 pounds, or more than 440 kilograms, of uranium up to 60% purity, according to estimates from the IAEA.
President Trump has said an objective of the ongoing war with Iran is to prevent the country from developing a nuclear weapon. While the Defense Department has prepared several options for the president regarding next steps in the conflict, Mr. Trump has not made up his mind on whether he would send U.S. forces into Iran and seize its nuclear material.
But Grossi said removing cylinders with the material would be difficult.
“I’m not saying it’s impossible. I know that here there are incredible military capacities to do that, but it would be very challenging operation for sure,” he said.
Grossi said the IAEA did not see “major activity” by Iran to rebuild its enrichment capacity before the U.S. and Israeli started its strikes, but said “a lot has still survived.”
“They have the capabilities, they have the knowledge, they have the industrial ability to do that,” he said.
Grossi said the extensive program underscores the need for diplomacy to deal with Iran’s nuclear program after combat operations.
“It’s going to be needed,” he said of talks.
In the weeks and hours leading up to the second round of U.S. strikes in nine months, special envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner, Mr. Trump’s son-in-law, were engaged in indirect talks with Iranian negotiators over a potential nuclear deal in the days before Operation Epic Fury. U.S. and Israeli strikes nearly three weeks ago, which resulted in the death of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said earlier Thursday that the U.S. has struck more than 7,000 targets across Iran as part of Operation Epic Fury, and previewed that the day would bring the “largest strike package yet, just like yesterday was.”
Mr. Trump has said that one of the objectives of the ongoing operation is to keep Iran from developing a nuclear weapon, though he has also touted strikes last year on three Iranian nuclear facilities that he said “obliterated” the sites.
Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard, meanwhile, told the Senate on Wednesday that the intelligence community assessed that Iran’s nuclear program was “obliterated” last year in the strikes dubbed Operation Midnight Hammer. In written testimony to senators, Gabbard said “there has been no efforts since then to try to rebuild their enrichment capability. The entrances to the underground facilities that were bombed have been buried and shuttered with cement.”
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