发布时间： 2026年3月7日，美国东部时间凌晨3:00 / 更新时间： 2026年3月7日，星期三，美国东部时间上午7:05
作者： 凯文·利普塔克、娜塔莎·伯特兰、扎卡里·科恩、凯莉·阿特伍德，美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
华盛顿特区白宫东室，唐纳德·特朗普总统在圆桌会议上（2026年3月6日周五）
Aaron Schwartz/Bloomberg/Getty Images
本周椭圆形办公室内，在一群拥挤的记者进入玫瑰园后，德国总理弗里德里希·默茨试图向唐纳德·特朗普总统询问：他究竟设想如何结束与伊朗的战争？
据一位知情人士透露，尽管总理再三询问，特朗普的回答——自冲突一周前爆发以来一直如此——仍不明确。
上周六美军对伊朗发动首轮攻击后，美国军事行动进入新阶段，如何结束战争仍是许多官员、国会议员和美国盟友的首要问题。
在最近几天与国会议员和国会工作人员的简报会上，五角大楼官员强调美军任务的范围仅限于摧毁伊朗的弹道导弹发射装置，而非针对伊朗核设施或打击政权人物或军事人员。国防部长彼得·赫格斯（Pete Hegseth）轻蔑地表示不会重复过去政府的“国家建设”行动。
与此同时，特朗普提出了更为广泛的目标，似乎超出了军方明确的职责范围。周五，他将伊朗现政权的“无条件投降”作为战争结束的额外要求。
这种明显的脱节加剧了人们对这场冲突走向的质疑——目前冲突在美国国内已广受批评。与美国同行交谈时，阿拉伯和欧洲官员表示，他们尚未明确特朗普的最终目标是什么，甚至不确定是否存在这样的目标。
从本周与高级政府官员的简报会中 emerges，国会议员同样表示对特朗普如何判断已实现所有伊朗相关目标，或战后计划一无所知。部分议员还对赫格斯不排除向伊朗派遣地面部队的表态感到不安。
谁将掌权？
美国迄今拒绝了伊朗开启谈判以寻找结束冲突途径的提议。据知情人士透露，伊朗情报部门本周向美国传递消息称，伊朗可能准备就结束战争进行谈判，但美国官员表示目前没有正在进行的谈判，近期也不太可能出现所谓的“缓和途径”。
“自从行动转为军事对抗，我们收到了近十几个国家的接触请求，”一位特朗普政府高级官员本周表示，“这与之前类似，人们希望能帮助解决问题，我们已与他们进行了沟通。”
截至目前，美伊之间尚未形成任何实质性的信息交流。“我们不会借助第三方作为对话中介。这是一场军事行动，必须按自身节奏推进，”该官员强调。
白宫新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特（Karoline Leavitt）表示，特朗普将独自决定伊朗何时处于“无条件投降”状态。
“总统的意思是，当他作为美军总司令确定伊朗不再对美国构成威胁，且‘史诗 Fury行动’目标已完全实现时，伊朗将处于无条件投降状态，无论他们是否自己承认，”她周五在白宫车道上向记者解释道。
“坦率地说，”她补充道，“他们没多少人能代表伊朗表态，因为美国和以色列已彻底消灭了前恐怖政权的近50名领导人，包括最高领袖本人。”
特朗普称他预计会深度参与选择伊朗下一任领导人。但美国情报机构长期警告，政权更迭的结果难以预测，部分美国和欧洲官员认为当前政权并无明确的替代选项。
多位消息源透露，特朗普似乎倾向于支持由伊斯兰革命卫队领导的伊朗政府——这与他在委内瑞拉更换马杜罗政权时支持副总统德尔西·罗德里格斯的模式类似。
“这会很容易成功，就像在委内瑞拉一样，”特朗普周五在接受CNN达娜·巴什简短电话采访时表示。
但这一选择可能会建立一个更极端的权力中心——特朗普本周早些时候暗示这将是“最坏情况”。美国和外国官员也质疑建立某种联合政府的可行性，认为这可能迅速导致伊朗成为类似2000年代初期伊拉克的失败国家。
“我们听到……关于策略、最终目标以及如何退出伊朗的各种模糊信息，”参议院外交关系委员会高级民主党议员让·沙欣（Jeanne Shaheen）本周表示。“自由世界没有人会怀念最高领袖，但目前不清楚这场冲突会持续多久，升级到什么程度。”
据四位来自盟友国家的消息源称，特朗普政府尚未明确说明最终目标或缓和途径。
“我们完全不知道战争结束后他们想实现什么，特朗普似乎自己也不清楚，”一位欧洲外交官透露。
这引发了战争可能持续数周或数月的担忧——而总统在本周多次致电媒体时并未明确排除这一时间线。
相反，特朗普将焦点放在近期成功上，包括削弱伊朗导弹能力、击沉其船只并清除高级领导人。
参谋长联席会议主席丹·凯恩（Gen. Dan Caine）周三向记者表示，随着战争进入新阶段，美军将开始“逐步深入伊朗领土打击，并为美军创造额外机动空间”。
凯恩还声称，自行动开始以来，伊朗弹道导弹发射量下降86%，单程攻击无人机发射量下降73%。但一位知情人士表示，这些下降主要归因于美军在战争初期摧毁了伊朗的指挥控制中心。
然而，尽管美军行动范围有限，军事规划者日益认识到，要摧毁伊朗用于生产核武器的浓缩铀库存，需要美军地面部队深入地下设施——即便是美军掩体炸弹也难以触及。目前尚无相关计划，因此政府刻意回避讨论这一点。
库尔德人参与
与此同时，特朗普政府正秘密寻求伊朗和伊拉克库尔德反对派的帮助。据CNN报道，数月来，中央情报局（CIA）一直与多个伊朗库尔德组织讨论可能的地面进攻计划，以煽动伊朗国内的民众起义。
此前报道称，CIA正协助武装这些团体，美国也讨论过在库尔德地面部队发起进攻时提供空中支援。
PJAK（与美国合作的库尔德组织之一）联合主席阿米拉·卡里米（Amir Karimi）向CNN透露，CIA与库尔德组织的讨论还包括政权倒台后的政治安排。
“我们认为这是一场合法战争，但需要支持地面上为伊朗民主而战的力量，这不能仅靠轰炸完成，”卡里米强调，PJAK已向CIA表明，推翻政权不能仅靠军事手段，还需政治支持，并希望与美国建立政治关系，包括参与决定伊朗下一任领导人。
特朗普近期多次致电伊拉克和伊朗库尔德组织领导人推进此事，但据知情人士透露，至少两次通话中，他对伊拉克库尔德领导人“过于谨慎”感到不满——后者深知参与美国支持的进攻存在重大风险，特朗普称他们“必须选边站”。
卡里米还表示，其组织明确反对任何“外部势力空降领导这场斗争”，并强烈反对支持流亡伊朗活动家、末代国王之子雷扎·巴列维（Reza Pahlavi）的短期或长期计划。
特朗普本周早些时候也淡化了巴列维的可能性，称“内部人士可能更合适”。
本报道已更新周三最新进展。
Trump’s demands for ending Iran war shift as US military works through its target list
PUBLISHED Mar 7, 2026, 3:00 AM ET / UPDATED Wed, Mar 7, 2026 7:05 AM EST
By Kevin Liptak, Natasha Bertrand, Zachary Cohen, Kylie Atwood, CNN
President Donald Trump during a roundtable in the East Room of the White House in Washington, DC, on Friday.
Aaron Schwartz/Bloomberg/Getty Images
Inside the Oval Office this week, after a crowd of jostling reporters departed into the Rose Garden, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz tried to get an answer from President Donald Trump: how, exactly, did he envision the war with Iran ending?
Despite some pressing by the chancellor, the answer from the president — as it has been since the conflict began a week ago — wasn’t quite clear, according to a person familiar.
As the US military operation against Iran shifts into a new phase following last Saturday’s opening salvo, how the war ends remains the top question for many officials, lawmakers and US allies.
In briefings with lawmakers and congressional staff in recent days, Pentagon officials have leaned into the US military mission being narrowly focused on destroying Iran’s ballistic missile launchers, people who attended the briefings said, rather than on targeting Iranian nuclear facilities or taking out regime figures or military personnel. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth has spoken dismissively of repeating the “nation building” exercises of past administrations.
At the same time, Trump has offered far more expansive goals that appear to extend beyond the military’s stated remit. On Friday, he lumped in the “UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER” of Iran’s current regime as an additional requirement for the war to conclude.
The apparent disconnect has only fueled questions about where the conflict, which is already broadly unpopular among Americans, is headed. In conversations with their US counterparts, Arab and European officials say they haven’t detected what exactly Trump’s endgame looks like, or if it exists at all.
Emerging from briefings with senior administration officials this week, lawmakers similarly professed little understanding of how Trump will know he has achieved all his goals in Iran, or whether he has a plan for what comes afterward. Some lawmakers also appeared unnerved by the fact that Hegseth would not rule out putting US troops on the ground in Iran.
Who will take over?
The US has so far rejected Iranian overtures to begin talks that could suss out ways to end the conflict. Iranian intelligence sent word this week to the US it could be prepared to open talks on how to end the war, according to people familiar with the indirect messages, but US officials say there were no negotiations underway and that potential “off-ramps” are unlikely to materialize in the near term.
“Since this thing went kinetic, we’ve had a number of reach-outs,” a senior Trump administration official said this week, putting the number of nations at nearly a dozen. “It’s not dissimilar to what we had before, people wanting to see if they can help solve it, and we’ve talked to them.”
To date, that has not resulted in any robust exchange of messages between the United States and Iran. “We’re not using anyone as an interlocutor. This is a military action, and it’s got to run its course,” the official said.
Karoline Leavitt, the White House press secretary, said Trump alone would determine when Iran was in a state of “unconditional surrender.”
“What the president means is that when he, as commander in chief of the US Armed Forces, determines that Iran no longer poses a threat to the United States of America and the goals of Operation Epic Fury has been fully realized, then Iran will essentially be in a place of unconditional surrender, whether they say it themselves or not,” she told reporters on Friday in the White House driveway.
“Frankly,” she went on, “they don’t have a lot of people to say that for them, because the United States and the state of Israel have completely wiped out near more than 50 leaders of the former terrorist regime, including the supreme leader himself.”
Trump said he expects to be heavily involved in choosing Iran’s next leader. But US intelligence agencies have long warned it is difficult to assess the outcome of a regime change scenario, and some US and European officials do not see a clear option for replacing the current regime.
Multiple sources said Trump appears content with allowing an Iranian government led by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps — a similar model to what the administration used in Venezuela in replacing Nicolás Maduro with his Vice President Delcy Rodríguez.
“It’s gonna work very easily. It’s going to work like did in Venezuela,” Trump told CNN’s Dana Bash in a brief phone interview on Friday.
But that option risks installing a potentially more extreme power center — something Trump suggested earlier this week would amount to the “worst case scenario.” US and foreign officials have also cast doubt on the viability of establishing some kind of coalition government, believing that option could quickly turn Iran into a failed state akin to Iraq in the early 2000s, sources said.
“We’ve heard…mixed messages about what the strategy is here, what the endgame is here, and how we’re going to get out of Iran,” Sen. Jeanne Shaheen, the top Democrat on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said this week. “No one in the free world misses the ayatollah,” the New Hampshire Democrat said. “But what is not clear is how long this is going to go on, the extent to which it’s escalating.”
And across the board, the Trump administration has not clearly articulated an end game or an off-ramp, according to four sources from allied countries.
“We have no idea what they actually want to accomplish when this war is over. It doesn’t seem like Trump even knows,” said one European diplomat.
That has fed concerns the war could drag on for weeks or months — a timeline the president, in many telephone calls to news outlets this week, hasn’t explicitly shrugged off.
Instead, Trump has focused on the immediate successes, including degrading Iran’s missile capabilities, sinking its ships and taking out its senior leaders.
Gen. Dan Caine, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, told reporters on Wednesday that as the war enters a new phase, the US will begin “striking progressively deeper into Iranian territory and (create) additional freedom of maneuver for US forces.”
Caine also claimed that Iran’s ballistic missile launches have plummeted by 86% since the operation began, and that their one-way attack drone launches are down 73%. One person familiar with the matter, however, said those drops can largely be attributed to the US’ destruction of Iranian command and control centers in the opening hours of the war.
But while the US military is narrowly focused, there is also an increasing recognition among military planners that destroying Iran’s enriched uranium stockpile, which Iran would need to produce a nuclear weapon, would require US forces on the ground to find, exfiltrate and destroy it since it is buried so deeply underground — out of reach even of US bunker-buster bombs, sources said.
There are no plans for that right now, so sources said the administration has steered clear of discussing it.
Kurdish involvement
At the same time, the Trump administration has quietly tried to enlist the help of Iranian and Iraqi Kurdish opposition groups. For months, the CIA has been in discussions with multiple Iranian Kurdish groups about carrying out a potential ground offensive intended to help foment a popular uprising inside the country, multiple sources told CNN.
The CIA is working to arm some of those groups and the US has discussed providing air-support for Kurdish ground forces if they were to launch an offensive, CNN previously reported.
Discussions between the CIA and Iranian Kurdish groups have also included political proposals for if the regime ultimately does collapse, according to Amir Karimi, co-chair of the PJAK, which is one of the Kurdish groups in talks with the US.
PJAK is supportive of the US-Israeli operations but has reinforced to the CIA that overthrowing the regime can’t be done by military force alone, Karimi told CNN in an interview this week. The group has also told the CIA it wants a political relationship with the US and Trump administration — which includes having a say in who would ultimately become Iran’s next leader.
“We believe it is a legitimate war, however we want support for forces on the ground who are fighting for democracy in Iran. This is not something that can be done by bombardment alone,” Karimi said, adding that the US could help unite Kurdish groups so they can fight the regime together.
Trump appears to be working to do that, holding multiple calls with the leaders of Iraqi and Iranian Kurdish groups in recent days. But during at least two recent calls, he’s grown frustrated with the Iraqi Kurdish leaders — who are keenly aware that participating in a US-backed offensive carries significant risks — telling them to “pick a side,” according to a source familiar with the discussions.
Karimi also said his group has made clear to the Trump administration they do not believe anyone from outside Iran should be “helicoptered in to lead this fight,” and voiced strong opposition to any efforts that involve backing exiled Iranian activist Reza Pahlavi, the son of the last shah, in the short or long term.
Trump himself downplayed him as an option earlier this week, saying, “It would seem to me that somebody from within maybe would be more appropriate.”
This story has been updated with additional developments Wednesday.
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