2026年3月5日 / 美国东部时间晚上8:50 / 哥伦比亚广播公司/美联社
美国国务院周四表示，美国与委内瑞拉同意重新建立外交关系，这标志着两国历史上长期对抗的关系发生重大转变。
“美国与委内瑞拉临时政府已同意重新建立外交和领事关系，”美国国务院在一份声明中表示。“这一步骤将促进我们共同努力，在委内瑞拉推动稳定、支持经济复苏并推进政治和解。”
这一举措发生在特朗普政府官员在2026年1月美国军事行动推翻前总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗后多次访问这个南美国家之后，内政部长道格·伯加姆本周进行了最新一次访问。特朗普政府一直在加大对马杜罗忠实支持者（现掌权者）的压力，要求他们接受其对这个石油资源丰富国家的愿景。
2026年3月4日，委内瑞拉代理总统德尔西·罗德里格斯与美国内政部长道格·伯加姆在委内瑞拉加拉加斯的米拉弗洛雷斯宫发表讲话。朱利奥·乌里瓦里/阿纳多卢通讯社通过盖蒂图片社提供
两国关系在2019年被切断，当时在特朗普政府任内，马杜罗做出决定。特朗普总统公开支持委内瑞拉反对党议员胡安·瓜伊多（2019年1月宣称自己为临时总统）后，双方相互关闭了大使馆。同月，在委内瑞拉政治动荡和暴力事件中，特朗普政府命令所有非必要的美国外交人员和政府人员撤离委内瑞拉。
此后，美国一直在哥伦比亚波哥大开展领事服务。2026年1月马杜罗被推翻后，特朗普政府通知国会，将开始逐步重新开放驻委内瑞拉大使馆。
美国国务院在声明中表示，两国谈判“侧重于通过分阶段进程帮助委内瑞拉人民前进，为和平过渡到民选政府创造条件”。
这一宣布是在伯加姆对委内瑞拉进行为期两天的访问结束时发布的。此次访问主要关注该国的矿业部门。此前，2月能源部长克里斯·赖特访问了委内瑞拉，重点考察其石油潜力。两位部长都旨在吸引外国投资，推进政府的分阶段计划，以扭转这个危机重重的国家的局势。
代理总统德尔西·罗德里格斯（曾是马杜罗的副总统）在国家电视台表示，这些步骤“将加强我们两国之间的关系”。
罗德里格斯政府后来在一份声明中表示有信心重新建立外交关系“将有助于加强相互理解，并为积极和互利的关系创造机会”。
“这些关系应能带来委内瑞拉人民的社会和经济幸福，”她说。
自美国在委内瑞拉发动前所未有的攻势以来，特朗普政府已推动政府进行全面改革，包括开放石油部门以吸引外国公司。
“我们告诉过去两天会面的所有公司，如果他们在获得物资、人员通过签证或资本进入该国方面遇到任何问题，可以与我们交谈，因为我们希望帮助那些希望以高度诚信来这里开展建设性工作的人。我们希望为他们铺平道路，让他们来到这里并开始工作，”伯加姆周四告诉记者。
罗德里格斯政府还批准了一项特赦法，使政治家、活动家、律师和许多其他人获释，这实际上承认政府出于政治动机关押了数百人。
特朗普在马杜罗被驱逐后决定与罗德里格斯合作，而非政治反对派，这让国内外委内瑞拉人感到震惊。周日，委内瑞拉最高反对党领袖、2025年诺贝尔和平奖得主玛丽亚·科里娜·马查多表示，她将在未来几周返回委内瑞拉，并表示将在委内瑞拉举行选举。
U.S., Venezuela agree to establish diplomatic relations for first time since 2019
March 5, 2026 / 8:50 PM EST / CBS/AP
The United States and Venezuela agreed to reestablish diplomatic relations in a major shift in a historically adversarial relationship, the State Department said on Thursday.
“The United States and Venezuela’s interim authorities have agreed to re-establish diplomatic and consular relations,” the State Department said in a statement. “This step will facilitate our joint efforts to promote stability, support economic recovery, and advance political reconciliation in Venezuela.”
The move comes after Trump administration officials have made several visits the South American nation following a U.S. military operation that deposed former President Nicolás Maduro in January, the latest by Interior Secretary Doug Burgum this week. The Trump administration has been stepping up pressure on Maduro loyalists now in power to accept its vision for the oil-rich nation.
Acting Venezuelan President Delcy Rodriguez and the U.S. Interior Secretary Doug Burgum speak at the Miraflores Palace in Caracas, Venezuela, on March 4, 2026. Julio Urribarri/Anadolu via Getty Images
Relations between the two countries were cut off in 2019, during the first Trump administration, in a decision by Maduro. They closed their embassies mutually after President Trump gave public support to Venezuelan opposition lawmaker Juan Guaidó, who claimed to be the nation’s interim president in January 2019. That same month, amid Venezuelan political unrest and violence, the Trump administration ordered all non-essential American diplomatic staff and government personnel to leave Venezuela.
Since then, the U.S. has operated its consular services out of Bogota, Colombia. In January, following Maduro’s capture, the Trump administration notified Congress that it would begin steps to eventually reopen its embassy in Venezuela.
The State Department in its statement said that talks between the countries were “focused on helping the Venezuelan people move forward through a phased process that creates the conditions for a peaceful transition to a democratically elected government.”
The announcement was made at the end of a two-day visit by Burgum to Venezuela. The visit largely focused on the country’s mining sector. It followed a February visit by Energy Secretary Chris Wright that centered on Venezuela’s oil potential. Both secretaries are aiming to shore up foreign investment to advance the administration’s phased plan to turn around the crisis-wracked nation.
Acting President Delcy Rodríguez, formerly Maduro’s vice president, said on state televisions that such steps “will strengthen relations between our two countries.”
Rodríguez’s government in a statement later expressed confidence that reestablishing diplomatic relations “will contribute to strengthening understanding and opening opportunities for a positive and mutually beneficial relationship.”
“These relations ought to result in the social and economic happiness of the Venezuelan people,” she said.
Since the unprecedented U.S. offensive in Venezuela, the Trump administration has pushed the government to make sweeping changes, including opening its oil sector to foreign companies.
“We told all the companies that we met with the last two days, if they were having any issues with getting material or people through visas or capital into the country, talk to us because we want to help those that want to come here to do constructive work with high integrity. We want to clear the path for them to get here and start working,” Burgum told reporters Thursday.
Rodríguez’s government also approved an amnesty law that has enabled the release of politicians, activists, lawyers and many others, effectively acknowledging that the government has held hundreds of people in prison for political motivations.
Mr. Trump stunned Venezuelans in and outside their home country with his decision to work with Rodríguez, instead of the political opposition, following Maduro’s ouster. On Sunday, Venezuela’s top opposition leader and winner of the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize María Corina Machado said that she will return to Venezuela in the coming weeks and that elections will be held in Venezuela.
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