2026-02-27T23:31:45.007Z / CNN
[詹妮弗·汉斯拉]
32分钟前
发布于 2026年2月27日，美国东部时间下午6:31
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美国国务卿马尔科·卢比奥于2026年2月12日在安德鲁斯联合基地登机前向记者发表讲话，前往慕尼黑安全会议。
亚历克斯·布兰登/Pool/法新社/盖蒂图片社
特朗普政府周五正式将伊朗指定为“非法拘留国家赞助者”，这是加大对伊朗施压并惩罚其长期监禁美国公民历史的最新举措。
这是去年9月签署的一项行政命令下的首次此类指定，该命令旨在阻止各国非法拘留美国公民，并鼓励它们释放所拘留的非法被拘留者。美国国务卿马尔科·卢比奥宣布这一消息之际，特朗普政府正推动与伊朗达成新的核协议，并威胁要对伊朗发动军事行动。
“几十年来，伊朗一直残忍地拘留无辜的美国人和其他国家公民，将他们作为政治筹码来对付其他国家。这种令人发指的做法必须停止，”卢比奥在一份声明中表示。
卢比奥警告称，如果伊朗不停止拘留美国人，“我们将被迫考虑额外措施，包括可能对使用美国护照前往、途经或来自伊朗的情况实施地理旅行限制。”
[相关文章 华盛顿特区 – 2月24日：美国总统唐纳德·特朗普在国会联席会议上发表国情咨文演讲。2026年2月24日，华盛顿特区国会大厦众议院会议厅。特朗普在最高法院推翻政府关税策略几天后发表演讲，同时美国在波斯湾进行军事集结，威胁伊朗。（照片由肯尼·霍尔斯顿-Pool/盖蒂图片社拍摄）肯尼·霍尔斯顿/Pool/盖蒂图片社 特朗普声称伊朗正在制造可能很快打击美国的导弹。消息人士称，这一说法没有得到美国情报部门的支持。4分钟阅读]
目前朝鲜已实施此类旅行限制。美国不允许其公民在未经批准的情况下持美国护照前往朝鲜，在这种情况下，国务院会签发“特殊验证护照”。
“伊朗政权必须停止劫持人质行为，释放所有在伊朗被非法拘留的美国人，这些步骤可能会终止这一指定及相关行动。我们鼓励其采取这些步骤。任何美国人都不应以任何理由前往伊朗。我们再次呼吁目前在伊朗的美国人立即离开，”卢比奥周五表示。
伊朗有长期非法拘留美国人的历史。2023年9月，拜登政府通过与伊朗达成的一项更广泛协议，促成了五名美国人的获释——他们均被监禁多年。
目前在伊朗被非法拘留的美国人有一人：雷扎·瓦利扎德（Reza Valizadeh）。瓦利扎德是伊朗裔美国记者，曾为波斯语媒体机构（包括美国资助的Radio Farda）流亡工作。他2024年3月返回伊朗探望年迈的父母，同年9月被捕。
自其被捕以来，外界对他的健康状况日益担忧。他的兄弟在2025年9月表示，瓦利扎德患有哮喘，“病情急剧恶化”。
为瓦利扎德案件工作的美国律师瑞安·费希说，他希望“非法拘留国家赞助者”这一指定会产生影响，“特别是考虑到随之而来的旅行限制等措施。”
“我认为这会释放雷扎吗？不幸的是，我不认为会。但我相信这会有帮助吗？是的，”他告诉CNN。
另一名在伊朗被监禁的美国人是卡姆兰·赫克马蒂（Kamran Hekmati）。据接受CNN采访的家属称，他去年被捕，伊朗当局因他十多年前带儿子参加成人礼访问以色列而判处他监禁。
70岁的赫克马蒂患有膀胱癌，目前被关押在德黑兰臭名昭著的埃文监狱。尽管已提出上诉，但他的家人对其健康状况存在严重担忧。
政府未来可能会将这一指定适用于其他国家，如阿富汗或俄罗斯，那里仍有美国公民被拘留。
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Trump administration designates Iran as a state sponsor of wrongful detention
2026-02-27T23:31:45.007Z / CNN
[Jennifer Hansler]
32 min ago
PUBLISHED Feb 27, 2026, 6:31 PM ET
The Middle East
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US Secretary of State Marco Rubio speaks to reporters before boarding his plane, on February 12, 2026, at Joint Base Andrews, en route to the Munich Security Conference.
Alex Brandon/POOL/AFP/Getty Images
The Trump administration on Friday formally designated Iran as a state sponsor of wrongful detention, the latest move to ratchet up pressure and penalize Iran for its history of imprisoning US citizens.
It is the first such designation under an executive order signed last September meant to deter countries from illegally detaining US citizens and encourage them to release wrongful detainees they have in custody. The announcement from US Secretary of State Marco Rubio comes as the Trump administration is pressing for a new nuclear deal with Iran and has threatened to launch military action against the country.
“For decades, Iran has continued to cruelly detain innocent Americans, as well as citizens of other nations, to use as political leverage against other states. This abhorrent practice must end,” Rubio said in a statement.
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Rubio warned that if Iran does not stop detaining Americans, “we will be forced to consider additional measures, including a potential geographic travel restriction on the use of U.S. passports to, through, or from Iran.”
[Related article WASHINGTON, DC – FEBRUARY 24: U.S. President Donald Trump delivers the State of the Union address during a joint session of Congress in the House Chamber at the Capitol on February 24, 2026 in Washington, DC. Trump delivered his address days after the Supreme Court struck down the administration’s tariff strategy, and amid a U.S. military buildup in the Persian Gulf threatening Iran. (Photo by Kenny Holston-Pool/Getty Images) Kenny Holston/Pool/Getty Images Trump claimed Iran is building missiles that could soon hit the US. Sources say that’s not backed up by US intelligence. 4 min read]
There is such a travel restriction in place for North Korea. The US does not allow its citizens to travel to North Korea on US passports without an approved exception, and in those cases, the State Department issues a “special validation passport.”
“The Iranian regime must stop taking hostages and release all Americans unjustly detained in Iran, steps that could end this designation and associated actions. We encourage it to do so. No American should travel to Iran for any reason. We reiterate our call for Americans who are currently in Iran to leave immediately,” Rubio said Friday.
Iran has a history of wrongfully detaining Americans. In September 2023, the Biden administration secured the release of five Americans – all of whom had been imprisoned for years – as part of a wider deal with Iran.
There is one American who has been designated as wrongfully detained currently imprisoned in Iran: Reza Valizadeh. Valizadeh, an Iranian-American journalist, had worked in exile for Persian language outlets, including the US-funded Radio Farda. He returned to Iran in March 2024 to visit his elderly parents and was arrested in September of that year.
Concerns have mounted about his well-being in the years since his imprisonment. His brother said in September 2025 that Valizadeh has asthma that has “deteriorated dramatically.”
Ryan Fayhee, a US-based attorney working on Valizadeh’s case, said he is hopeful that the state sponsor of wrongful detention designation will have an impact, “particularly given the travel restrictions and the like that come with this.”
“Do I think this will free Reza? No, I don’t think it will, unfortunately. But do I believe it’s helpful? Yes,” he told CNN.
Another American imprisoned in Iran is Kamran Hekmati, who was arrested last year and sentenced to prison time by Iranian authorities for visiting Israel more than a decade ago for his son’s bar mitzvah, according to family members who spoke to CNN.
The 70-year-old Hekmati is suffering from bladder cancer and is currently detained in Tehran’s notorious Evin Prison. Although an appeal has been filed, his family has serious concerns about his health.
The administration could apply the designation to other countries in the future, such as Afghanistan or Russia, where US citizens remain detained.
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